NGUYỄN NGÂN GIANG
Giới thiệu về bản thân
Nếu \(x < 1\) thì \(x^{8} - x^{7} + x^{2} - x + 1\)
\(= x^{8} + x^{2} \left(\right. 1 - x^{5} \left.\right) + \left(\right. 1 - x \left.\right) > 0\).Nếu \(x \geq 1\) thì \(x^{8} - x^{7} + x^{2} - x + 1\)
\(= x^{7} \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) + x \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) + 1 > 0\).
Ta có: \(a2b2+b2c2≥2⋅a2b2⋅b2c2=2⋅a2c2=2⋅acb2a2+c2b2≥2⋅b2a2⋅c2b2=2⋅c2a2=2⋅ca\)
\(b2c2+c2a2≥2⋅b2c2⋅c2a2=2⋅b2a2=2⋅bac2b2+a2c2≥2⋅c2b2⋅a2c2=2⋅a2b2=2⋅ab\)
\(c2a2+a2b2≥2⋅c2a2⋅a2b2=2⋅c2b2=2⋅cba2c2+b2a2≥2⋅a2c2⋅b2a2=2⋅b2c2=2⋅bc\)
Do đó: \((a2b2+b2c2)+(b2c2+c2a2)+(c2a2+a2b2)≥2(ac+ba+cb)(b2a2+c2b2)+(c2b2+a2c2)+(a2c2+b2a2)≥2(ca+ab+bc)\)
=>\(a2b2+b2c2+c2a2≥ac+ba+cbb2a2+c2b2+a2c2≥ca+ab+bc\)
x5+y5>(x2+y2)(x+y)
Từ giả thiết \(x > \sqrt{2}\) suy ra \(x^{2} > 2\) suy ra \(x^{5} > 2 x^{3}\), từ đó
\(x^{5} + y^{5} > 2 \left(\right. x^{3} + y^{3} \left.\right)\)
\(= 2 \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right) \left(\right. x + y \left.\right)\)
\(= \left(\right. x - y \left.\right)^{2} + \left(\right. x^{2} + y^{2} \left.\right) \left(\right. x + y \left.\right) \geq \left(\right. x^{2} + y^{2} \left.\right) \left(\right. x + y \left.\right)\) suy ra
x4−x3y+x2y2−xy3+y4>x2+y2x4−x3y+x2y2−xy3+y4>x2+y2
Ta có \(x+y=1x+y=1\)
\((1+1x)(1+1y)=(1+x+yx)(1+x+yy)=(2+yx)(2+xy)(1+x1)(1+y1)=(1+xx+y)(1+yx+y)=(2+xy)(2+yx)\)
\(=5+2xy+2yx=5+2(xy+yx)=5+y2x+x2y=5+2(yx+xy)\) \(xy+yx≥2xy.yx=2⇒2(xy+yx)≥4⇒5+2(xy+yx)≥9yx+xy≥2yx.xy=2⇒2(yx+xy)≥4⇒5+2(yx+xy)≥9\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = y
\((x−1)(x−2)(x−3)(x−4)+1≥0⇔[(x−1)(x−4)][(x−2)(x−3)]+1≥0⇔(x2−x−4x+4)(x2−2x−3x+6)+1≥0⇔(x2−5x+4)(x2−5x+6)+1≥0⇔(x2−5x)2+4(x2−5x)+6(x2−5x)+4⋅6+1≥0⇔(x2−5x)2+10(x2−5x)+25≥0⇔(x2−5x)2+2⋅(x2−5x)⋅5+52≥0⇔(x2−5x+5)2≥0(luoˆn đuˊng)\)
Giả thiết =>\(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{c} + \frac{1}{a b} + \frac{1}{b c} + \frac{1}{c a} = 6\). (1)
Ta có \(\left(\right. \frac{1}{a} - 1 \left.\right)^{2} \geq 0\)
\(\frac{1}{a^{2}} + 1 \geq \frac{2}{a}\) nên
\(\frac{1}{a^{2}} + \frac{1}{b^{2}} + \frac{1}{c^{2}} \geq 2 \left(\right. \frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{c} \left.\right) - 3\) (2)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{a^{2}} + \frac{1}{b^{2}} \geq \frac{2}{a b}\) nên
\(2 \left(\right. \frac{1}{a^{2}} + \frac{1}{b^{2}} + \frac{1}{c^{2}} \left.\right) \geq 2 \left(\right. \frac{1}{a b} + \frac{1}{b c} + \frac{1}{c a} \left.\right)\) (3)
Cộng (2) và (3) theo vế và sử dụng (1) ta có
\(3 \left(\right. \frac{1}{a^{2}} + \frac{1}{b^{2}} + \frac{1}{c^{2}} \left.\right) \geq 2 \left(\right. \frac{1}{a b} + \frac{1}{b c} + \frac{1}{c a} + \frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{c} \left.\right) - 3 = 2.6 - 3 = 9\)
Suy ra \(\frac{1}{a^{2}} + \frac{1}{b^{2}} + \frac{1}{c^{2}} \geq 3\).
Ta có \(x^{2} + y^{2} + x y - 3 x - 3 y + 3\)
\(= \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right)^{2} + \left(\right. y - 1 \left.\right)^{2} + x y + 1 - x - y\)
\(= \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right)^{2} + \left(\right. y - 1 \left.\right)^{2} + \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. y - 1 \left.\right) \geq 0\)
(do \(a^{2} + a b + b^{2} = \frac{1}{4} \left(\right. 4 a^{2} + 4 a b + 4 b^{2} \left.\right) = \frac{1}{4} \left(\right. 2 a + b \left.\right)^{2} + \frac{3}{4} b^{2} \geq 0\))
Ta có \(\sqrt{a^{2} - a b + b^{2}} = \sqrt{\frac{1}{4} \left(\right. a + b \left.\right)^{2} + \frac{3}{4} \left(\right. a - b \left.\right)^{2}} \&\text{nbsp}; \geq \frac{1}{2} \left(\right. a + b \left.\right)\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a = b\).
Ta có\(\sqrt{b^{2} - b c + c^{2}} \geq \frac{1}{2} \left(\right. b + c \left.\right)\) và \(\sqrt{c^{2} - c a + c a} \geq \frac{1}{2} \left(\right. c + a \left.\right)\).
=> \(\sqrt{a^{2} - a b + b^{2}} + \sqrt{b^{2} - b c + c^{2}} + \sqrt{c^{2} - c a + a^{2}} \geq \frac{1}{2} \left(\right. a + b + b + c + c + a \left.\right)\)
\(= \left(\right. a + b + c \left.\right) = 3\)
Vậy \(\sqrt{a^{2} - a b + b^{2}} + \sqrt{b^{2} - b c + c^{2}} + \sqrt{c^{2} - c a + a^{2}} \geq 3\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a = b = c = \frac{a + b + c}{3} = 1\).
1) \(a2−ab+b2a2−ab+b2\)
\(=(a2−2⋅a⋅12b+14b2)+34b2=(a−12b)2+34b2≥0∀a,b=(a2−2⋅a⋅21b+41b2)+43b2=(a−21b)2+43b2≥0∀a,b\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \({a−12b=0b=0⇔a=b=0{a−21b=0b=0⇔a=b=0\)
2) \(a2−ab+b2≥14(a+b)2a2−ab+b2≥41(a+b)2\)
\(<=>a2-ab+b2\ge14(a2+2ab+b2)<=>a2-ab+b2\ge14a2+12ab+14b2<=>34a2-32ab+34b2\ge0<=>34(a2-2ab+b2)\ge0<=>34(a-b)2\ge0(luônđúng)<=>a2-ab+b2\ge41(a2+2ab+b2)<=>a2-ab+b2\ge41a2+21ab+41b2<=>43a2-23ab+43b2\ge0<=>43(a2-2ab+b2)\ge0<=>43(a-b)2\ge0(luônđúng)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: `a-b=0<=>a=b`