(n + 1)³ = (n + 1)²

=> (n + 1)³ - (n + 1)² = 0

=> (n + 1)².(n + 1 - 1) = 0

=> (n + 1)².n = 0

=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(n+1\right)^2=0\\n=0\end{cases}}\)=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}n+1=0\\n=0\end{cases}}\)=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}n=-1\\n=0\end{cases}}\)

Mà \(n\in N\Rightarrow n=0\)

Dat A= 1 . 2+ 2 . 3 + 3 . 4 + .......... + n . ( n + 1 )

=> 3A=1.2.3+2.3.3+3.4.3+...+n.(n+1).3

=> 3A= 1.2.3+2.3.(4-1)+3.4.(5-2)+...+n.(n+1).(n+2-n-1)

=> 3A=1.2.3-1.2.3+2.3.4-2.3.4+...- (n-1).n.(n+1)+n.(n+1).(n+2)

=> 3A=n(n+1)(n+2)

=> A=\(\frac{n.\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)}{3}=112\)

=> n.(n+1).(n+2)=336

=> n.(n+1).(n+2)=6.7.8

=> n=6

.

= bạn tích cho tớ!

Bài 10:

a: 2x-3 là bội của x+1

=>\(2x-3⋮x+1\)

=>\(2x+2-5⋮x+1\)

=>\(-5⋮x+1\)

=>\(x+1\in\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{0;-2;4;-6\right\}\)

b: x-2 là ước của 3x-2

=>\(3x-2⋮x-2\)

=>\(3x-6+4⋮x-2\)

=>\(4⋮x-2\)

=>\(x-2\inƯ\left(4\right)\)

=>\(x-2\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{3;1;4;0;6;-2\right\}\)

Bài 14:

a: \(4n-5⋮2n-1\)

=>\(4n-2-3⋮2n-1\)

=>\(-3⋮2n-1\)

=>\(2n-1\inƯ\left(-3\right)\)

=>\(2n-1\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)

=>\(2n\in\left\{2;0;4;-2\right\}\)

=>\(n\in\left\{1;0;2;-1\right\}\)

mà n>=0

nên \(n\in\left\{1;0;2\right\}\)

b: \(n^2+3n+1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n^2+n+2n+2-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n\left(n+1\right)+2\left(n+1\right)-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(-1⋮n+1\)

=>\(n+1\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

=>\(n\in\left\{0;-2\right\}\)

mà n là số tự nhiên

nên n=0

Bài 16:

a: \(\left(x+5\right)\left(y-3\right)=15\)

=>\(\left(x+5\right)\left(y-3\right)=1\cdot15=15\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-15\right)=\left(-15\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)=3\cdot5=5\cdot3=\left(-3\right)\cdot\left(-5\right)=\left(-5\right)\cdot\left(-3\right)\)

=>\(\left(x+5;y-3\right)\in\left\{\left(1;15\right);\left(15;1\right);\left(-1;-15\right);\left(-15;-1\right);\left(3;5\right);\left(5;3\right);\left(-3;-5\right);\left(-5;-3\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-4;18\right);\left(10;4\right);\left(-6;-12\right);\left(-20;2\right);\left(-2;8\right);\left(0;6\right);\left(-8;-2\right);\left(-10;0\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(10;4\right);\left(0;6\right)\right\}\)

b: x là số tự nhiên

=>2x-1 lẻ và 2x-1>=-1

\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(y+2\right)=24\)

mà 2x-1>=-1 và 2x-1 lẻ

nên \(\left(2x-1\right)\cdot\left(y+2\right)=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-24\right)=1\cdot24=3\cdot8\)

=>\(\left(2x-1;y+2\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;-24\right);\left(1;24\right);\left(3;8\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(2x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;-26\right);\left(2;22\right);\left(4;6\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;-26\right);\left(1;11\right);\left(2;6\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;11\right);\left(2;6\right)\right\}\)

c:

x,y là các số tự nhiên

=>x+3>=3 và y+2>=2

xy+2x+3y=0

=>\(xy+2x+3y+6=6\)

=>\(x\left(y+2\right)+3\left(y+2\right)=6\)

=>\(\left(x+3\right)\left(y+2\right)=6\)

mà x+3>=3 và y+2>=2

nên \(\left(x+3\right)\cdot\left(y+2\right)=3\cdot2\)

=>x=0 và y=0

d: xy+x+y=30

=>\(xy+x+y+1=31\)

=>\(x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)=31\)

=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=31\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(y+1\right)=1\cdot31=31\cdot1=\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-31\right)=\left(-31\right)\cdot\left(-1\right)\)

=>\(\left(x+1;y+1\right)\in\left\{\left(1;31\right);\left(31;1\right);\left(-1;-31\right);\left(-31;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;30\right);\left(30;0\right);\left(-2;-32\right);\left(-32;-2\right)\right\}\)

mà (x,y) là cặp số tự nhiên

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;30\right);\left(30;0\right)\right\}\)

a)    Xét:

  \(\begin{array}{l}{u_{n + 1}} - {u_n} = \frac{{n + 1 - 3}}{{n + 1 + 2}} - \frac{{n - 3}}{{n + 2}}\\ = \frac{{n - 2}}{{n + 3}} - \frac{{n - 3}}{{n + 2}} = \frac{{{n^2} - 4 - {n^2} + 9}}{{\left( {n + 3} \right)\left( {n + 2} \right)}}\\ = \frac{5}{{\left( {n + 3} \right)\left( {n + 2} \right)}} > 0\,\,\,\forall n \in {\mathbb{N}^*}\end{array}\)  

=> Dãy số là dãy số tăng

b)    Xét:

\(\begin{array}{l}{u_{n + 1}} - {u_n} = \frac{{{3^{n + 1}}}}{{{2^{n + 1}}.\left( {n + 1} \right)!}} - \frac{{{3^n}}}{{{2^n}.n!}}\\ = \frac{{{3^{n + 1}}}}{{{{2.2}^n}.n!.\left( {n + 1} \right)}} - \frac{{{3^n}}}{{{2^n}.n!}}\\ = \frac{{{3^{n + 1}}}}{{{2^{n + 1}}.\left( {n + 1} \right)!}} - \frac{{{3^n}.2\left( {n + 1} \right)}}{{{2^{n + 1}}.\left( {n + 1} \right)!}}\\ = \frac{{{3^n}\left( {3 - 2n - 2} \right)}}{{{2^{n + 1}}.\left( {n + 1} \right)!}} = \frac{{{3^n}\left( { - 2n + 1} \right)}}{{{2^{n + 1}}.\left( {n + 1} \right)!}} < 0\,\,\,\forall n \in {\mathbb{N}^*}\end{array}\)

 => Dãy số là dãy số giảm

c)    Xét:

\(\begin{array}{l}{u_{n + 1}} - {u_n} = {\left( { - 1} \right)^{n + 1}}.\left( {{2^{n + 1}} + 1} \right) - {\left( { - 1} \right)^n}.\left( {{2^n} + 1} \right)\\ = {\left( { - 1} \right)^n}\left[ {\left( { - 1} \right).\left( {{2^{n + 1}} + 1} \right) - {2^n} - 1} \right]\\ = {\left( { - 1} \right)^n}\left( { - {2^{n + 1}} - 1 - {2^n} - 1} \right)\\ = {\left( { - 1} \right)^n}\left( { - {{3.2}^n} - 2} \right)\end{array}\)

=> Dãy số không tăng không giảm.

a: \(\frac12\cdot2^{n}+4\cdot2^{n}=9\cdot5^{n}\)

=>\(\frac92\cdot2^{n}=9\cdot5^{n}\)

=>\(\left(\frac25\right)^{n}=9:\frac92=2\)

=>\(n=\log_{0,4}2\)

b: \(2^{n}\left(\frac12+4\right)=9\cdot5^{n}\)

=>\(2^{n}\cdot\frac92=9\cdot5^{n}\)

=>\(\left(\frac25\right)^{n}=9:\frac92=2\)

=>\(n=\log_{0.4}2\)

c: \(2^{n-1}\cdot9=9\cdot5^{n}\)

=>\(2^{n}\cdot\frac92=9\cdot5^{n}\)

=>\(\left(\frac25\right)^{n}=9:\frac92=2\)

=>\(n=\log_{0.4}2\)

Bài 3:

a: \(35-12n⋮n\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n\in\left\{1;5;7;35\right\}\)

b: \(n+13⋮n+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n+5\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;8;-8\right\}\)

hay \(n\in\left\{-4;-6;-3;-7;-1;-9;3;-13\right\}\)

a) \(\dfrac{32}{\left(-2\right)^n}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(-2\right)^n=8=\left(-2\right)^3\)

=> n = 3

b) \(\dfrac{8}{2^n}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow2^n=4=2^2\)

=> n = 2

c) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2n-1}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2n-1}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)

=> 2n - 1 = 3

=> 2n = 4

=> n = 2

Giải:

a) \(\dfrac{32}{\left(-2\right)^n}=4\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left(-2\right)^n=32:4=8\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left(-2\right)^n=8\) 

Vì \(\left(-2\right)^n=2^3\) là ko thể nên n ∈ ∅

b) \(\dfrac{8}{2^n}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow2^n=8:2=4\) 

\(\Rightarrow2^n=4\) 

\(\Rightarrow2^n=2^2\) 

\(\Rightarrow n=2\) 

c) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2n-1}=\dfrac{1}{8}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2n-1}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\) 

\(\Rightarrow2n-1=3\rightarrow n=2\)

a: \(n\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)