\(x^2+6xy+5y^2-4y-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2+6xy+9y^2)-(4y^2+4y+1)=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x+3y)^2-(2y+1)^2=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x+y-1)(x+5y+1)=7\)

Vì x,y nguyên nên ta có các trường hợp sau:

TH1: \(\begin{cases} x+y-1=1\\ x+5y+1=7 \end{cases} \Leftrightarrow \begin{cases} x+y-1=1\\ 4y+2=6 \end{cases} \Leftrightarrow \begin{cases} x=1\\ y=1 \end{cases}\)

Các TH còn lại bạn tự làm nhé

\(x^2+6xy+5y^2-4y-8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+6xy+9y^2\right)-4y^2-4y-1-7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3y\right)^2-\left(2y+1\right)^2=7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5y+1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)=7=\left[{}\begin{matrix}1.7\\7.1\\\left(-1\right).\left(-7\right)\\\left(-7\right).\left(-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5y+1=1;x+y-1=7\\x+5y+1=7;x+y-1=1\\x+5y+1=-1;x+y-1=-7\\x+5y+1=-7;x+y-1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=10;y=-2\left(nhận\right)\\x=y=1\left(nhận\right)\\x=y=1\left(nhận\right)\\x=10;y=-2\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

-Vậy các cặp số (x,y) là \(\left(10;-2\right);\left(1;1\right)\)

<=> \((x-3y)^2\) \(+(2y)^2\) =\(10^2\) \(+0^2\)

bạn tự làm tiếp nhé!

xin lỗi, mình nhầm!

phải là =\(6^2\) \(+8^2\)

2: \(H=2x^2+4y^2+4xy+4y+9\)

\(=2x^2+4xy+2y^2+2y^2+4y+2+7\)

\(=2\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(y+1\right)^2+7\ge7\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+y=0 và y+1=0

=>y=-1 và x=-y=1

3: \(I=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)

\(=x^2-4xy+4y^2+10x-20y+y^2-2y+28\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+10\left(x-2y\right)+25+y^2-2y+1+2\)

\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi y-1=0 và x-2y+5=0

=>y=1 và x=2y-5=2*1-5=-3

4: \(K=x^2+5y^2-4xy+6x-14y+15\)

\(=x^2-4xy+4y^2+6x-12y+y^2-2y+15\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+6\left(x-2y\right)+9+y^2-2y+1+5\)

\(=\left(x-2y+3\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi y-1=0 và x-2y+3=0

=>y=1 và x=2y-3=2*1-3=-1

1.\(=5\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2\right)=5\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\right]=5\left(x+y-2z\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)\)

2. \(=\left(-5x^2+15x\right)+\left(x-3\right)=-5x\left(x-3\right)+\left(x-3\right)=\left(1-5x\right)\left(x-3\right)\)

3. \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)

4.\(=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2\right)=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\right]=3\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)

5. \(=\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(3x+3\right)=x\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

6. \(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2\)

7. \(=\left(x^2+x\right)-\left(5x+5\right)=x\left(x+1\right)-5\left(x+1\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

\(1,=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\\ 2,=-5x^2+15x+x-3=\left(x-3\right)\left(1-5x\right)\\ 3,=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\\ 4,=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]=3\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\\ 5,=x^2+x+3x+3=\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ 6,=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2\\ 7,=x^2+x-5x-5=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-5\right)\)

\(a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y-2x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y-4z-14\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(e,x^2+y^2-6x+4y+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)

Pt vô nghiệm do ko có 2 bình phương số nguyên có tổng là 11

e: Ta có: \(x^2-6x+y^2+4y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+y^2+4y+4-11=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2

2:

a: \(3xy^2-3x^3-6xy+3x\)

\(=3x\cdot\left(y^2-2y+1-x^2\right)\)

\(=3x\left\lbrack\left(y-1\right)^2-x^2\right\rbrack\)

=3x(y-1-x)(y-1+x)

b: \(3x^2+11x+6\)

\(=3x^2+9x+2x+6\)

=3x(x+3)+2(x+3)

=(x+3)(3x+2)

c: \(-x^3-4xy^2+4x^2y+16x\)

\(=x\left(16+4xy-4y^2-x^2\right)\)

\(=x\cdot\left\lbrack4^2-\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)\right\rbrack=x\cdot\left\lbrack4^2-\left(x-2y\right)^2\right\rbrack\)

=x(4-x+2y)(4+x-2y)

d: \(xz-x^2-yz+2xy-y^2\)

=z(x-y)-\(\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

=\(z\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2\)

=(x-y)(z-x+y)

e: \(4x^2-y^2-6x+3y\)

=(2x-y)(2x+y)-3(2x-y)

=(2x-y)(2x+y-3)

f: \(x^4-x^3-10x^2+2x+4\)

\(=x^4+2x^3-2x^2-3x^3-6x^2+6x-2x^2-4x+4\)

\(=\left(x^2+2x-2\right)\left(x^2-3x-2\right)\)

g: \(\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)\left(121-25y^2-10y\right)-\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)-\left(121-25y^2-10y\right)+1\)

\(=\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)\left(121-25y^2-10y-1\right)-\left(121-25y^2-10y-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^3-x^2+x-1\right)\left\lbrack121-\left(25y^2+10y+1\right)\right\rbrack\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left\lbrack121-\left(5y+1\right)^2\right\rbrack\)

=(x-1)(x^2+1)(11-5y-1)(11+5y+1)

=(x-1)(x^2+1)(10-5y)(12+5y)

=5(2-y)(x-1)(x^2+1)(5y+12)

\(6xy\left(xy-y^2\right)-8x^2\left(x-y^2\right)+5y^2\left(x^2+xy\right)\\ =6x^2y^2-6xy^3-8x^3+8x^2y^2+5x^2y^2+5xy^3\\ =\left(6x^2y^2+8x^2y^2+5x^2y^2\right)+\left(-6xy^3+5xy^3\right)-8x^3\\ =19x^2y^2-xy^3-8x^3\)

Với `x=1/2;y=2` ta có :

 \(19x^2y^2-xy^3-8x^3\\ =19.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2.2^2-\dfrac{1}{2}.2^3-8.2^3\\ =19.\dfrac{1}{4}.4-\dfrac{1}{2}.8-8.8\\ =19-4-64\\ =-49\)