Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz và bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có:

\(a^2+3\left(b^2+c^2+d^2\right)\ge a^2+\left(b+c+d\right)^2\ge2a\left(b+c+d\right)\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $b=c=d=\frac{a}{3}.$

Có cách khác ko ạ 

như dùng phương pháp biến đổi tương đương ý ạ tthnew 

\(1.\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(2.\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\frac{a^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge a\left(b+c+d\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=0\)
\(3.\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
4. Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)

\(\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow c^2+d^2\ge2cd\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge2ab+2cd\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge3ab+3cd\)
Ta lại có:\(\left(\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{cd}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow ab+cd\ge2\sqrt{abcd}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(ab+cd\right)\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge3\left(ab+cd\right)\ge6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\c=d\\ab=cd\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d\)

1) Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a² + b² + c² + d² + \(2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\ge\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(ac+bd\le\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\left(1\right)\)

Nếu : ac + bd < 0 : BĐT luôn đúng

Nếu : ac + bd \(\ge\) 0 : Thì (1) tương đương

( ac + bd )² \(\le\) ( a² + b² )( c² + d² )

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2+2abcd\le\left(ac\right)^2+\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2-2abcd\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) , luôn đúng , vậy bài toán được chứng minh

2) Chọn :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\cos x.\cos y\\c=2\sin x.\sin y\\b=d=\sin\left(x-y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ câu 1) ta có :

\(\sqrt{4\cos^2x.\cos^2y+\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}+\sqrt{4\sin^2x.\sin^2y+\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}\)

\(\ge\sqrt{\left(2\cos x.\cos y+2\sin x.\sin y\right)^2+\left(2\sin\left(x-y\right)\right)^2}\)

\(\ge\sqrt{4\cos^2\left(x-y\right)+4\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}=2\)

Ta có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge4\sqrt[4]{\left(abcd\right)^2}=4\)(AM-GM) (abcd=1)

Lại có: \(a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+d\right)+c\left(d+a\right)+d\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=ab+ac+bc+bd+cd+ac+ad+bd\)

\(\ge8\sqrt[8]{\left(abcd\right)^4}=8\)(AM-GM)

Từ đó: 

\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+d\right)+c\left(d+a\right)+d\left(a+b\right)\ge4+8=12\)

=> ĐPCM. Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=d=1.

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab+ac+bc+bd+cd+da\ge4\sqrt[6]{ab.ac.bc.bd.cd.da}=6.\sqrt{abcd}=6\\a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^2b^2c^2d^2}=4.\sqrt{abcd}=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\begin{matrix}\left(1\right)\\\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\)

(1) cộng (2) => dpcm