\(a,5x^2y-10xy^2=5xy\left(x-2y\right)\\ b,x^2+2xy+y^2-5x-5y=\left(x+y\right)^2-5\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\\ c,x^2-6x+8=\left(x^2-2x\right)-\left(4x-8\right)=x\left(x-2\right)-4\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\\ d,5x^2-10xy+5y^2-20z^2=5\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2\right)=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\right]=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)

\(a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y-2x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y-4z-14\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(e,x^2+y^2-6x+4y+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)

Pt vô nghiệm do ko có 2 bình phương số nguyên có tổng là 11

e: Ta có: \(x^2-6x+y^2+4y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+y^2+4y+4-11=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2

2:

a: \(3xy^2-3x^3-6xy+3x\)

\(=3x\cdot\left(y^2-2y+1-x^2\right)\)

\(=3x\left\lbrack\left(y-1\right)^2-x^2\right\rbrack\)

=3x(y-1-x)(y-1+x)

b: \(3x^2+11x+6\)

\(=3x^2+9x+2x+6\)

=3x(x+3)+2(x+3)

=(x+3)(3x+2)

c: \(-x^3-4xy^2+4x^2y+16x\)

\(=x\left(16+4xy-4y^2-x^2\right)\)

\(=x\cdot\left\lbrack4^2-\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)\right\rbrack=x\cdot\left\lbrack4^2-\left(x-2y\right)^2\right\rbrack\)

=x(4-x+2y)(4+x-2y)

d: \(xz-x^2-yz+2xy-y^2\)

=z(x-y)-\(\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

=\(z\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2\)

=(x-y)(z-x+y)

e: \(4x^2-y^2-6x+3y\)

=(2x-y)(2x+y)-3(2x-y)

=(2x-y)(2x+y-3)

f: \(x^4-x^3-10x^2+2x+4\)

\(=x^4+2x^3-2x^2-3x^3-6x^2+6x-2x^2-4x+4\)

\(=\left(x^2+2x-2\right)\left(x^2-3x-2\right)\)

g: \(\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)\left(121-25y^2-10y\right)-\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)-\left(121-25y^2-10y\right)+1\)

\(=\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)\left(121-25y^2-10y-1\right)-\left(121-25y^2-10y-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^3-x^2+x-1\right)\left\lbrack121-\left(25y^2+10y+1\right)\right\rbrack\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left\lbrack121-\left(5y+1\right)^2\right\rbrack\)

=(x-1)(x^2+1)(11-5y-1)(11+5y+1)

=(x-1)(x^2+1)(10-5y)(12+5y)

=5(2-y)(x-1)(x^2+1)(5y+12)

giải bài toán: cho tam giác MNP, NTlà phân giác của góc N biết MN=4cm, NT=10cm, MP=8cm:TínhTM, TP? 

a: \(3ab-6a^2b\)

\(=3ab\cdot1-3ab\cdot2a\)

=3ab(1-2a)

b: \(x^3-6x\)

\(=x\cdot x^2-x\cdot6\)

\(=x\left(x^2-6\right)\)

c: \(x^2-y^2-9x+9y\)

\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(9x-9y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-9\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-9\right)\)

d: \(5x^2+10xy+5y^2\)

\(=5\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=5\left(x+y\right)^2\)

a)2x^2+xy-y^2-x+2y-1

=2x^2+xy-x-(y-1)^2

=2x^2+x(y-1)-(y-1)^2

=2a^2+ab-b^2         với a=x,b=y-1

=2a^2+2ab-ab-b^2

=(2a-b)(a+b)

=(2x-y+1)(x+y-1)

Bài 2: 

a: \(x^2+5x-6=\left(x+6\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

b: \(5x^2+5xy-x-y\)

\(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)

c:\(-6x^2+7x-2\)

\(=-6x^2+3x+4x-2\)

\(=-3x\left(2x-1\right)+2\left(2x-1\right)\)

\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(-3x+2\right)\)

1.

a) \(=x^2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=x^2\left(x+1\right)^2\)

b) \(=\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-1\right]\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\)

c) \(=5\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4z^2\right]=5\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]\)

\(=5\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)

2.

a) \(=x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

b) \(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)

c) \(=-\left[3x\left(2x-1\right)-2\left(2x-1\right)\right]=-\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)

3.

b) \(=2x\left(x-1\right)+5\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+5\right)\)

c) \(=-\left[5x\left(x-3\right)-1\left(x-3\right)\right]=-\left(x-3\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)

4.

a) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(5x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Rightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(2-x\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: \(x^2-y^2-x-y\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)

f: \(x^3-5x^2-5x+1\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-5x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-6x+1\right)\)

c) \(5x^2+3y+15x+xy=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)

d) \(x^2+6x+9-y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)

e) \(x^2-y^2+2x+1=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)

f) \(x^2-2xy-9+y^2=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)

c: \(5x^2+15x+3y+xy\)

\(=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)

d: \(x^2+6x+9-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)

e: \(x^2+2x+1-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)

f: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-9\)

\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)

\(a,=\left(3x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(3x-y+1\right)\left(3x+y+1\right)\\ b,=x\left(x^2-5x+6\right)=x\left(x^2-2x-3x+6\right)=x\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)