Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử: x4 - 2x2 - 38x - 122 =0
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x 4 - 2 x 3 - 2 x 2 - 2 x - 3 = ( x 4 − 1 ) − ( 2 x 3 + 2 x 2 ) − ( 2 x + 2 ) = ( x 2 + 1 ) ( x 2 − 1 ) − 2 x 2 ( x + 1 ) − 2 ( x + 1 ) = ( x 2 + 1 ) ( x − 1 ) ( x + 1 ) − 2 x 2 ( x + 1 ) − 2 ( x + 1 ) = ( x + 1 ) ( x 2 + 1 ) ( x − 1 ) − 2 x 2 – 2 = ( x + 1 ) ( x 2 + 1 ) ( x − 1 ) − 2 ( x 2 + 1 ) = ( x + 1 ) ( x 2 + 1 ) ( x – 1 − 2 ) = ( x + 1 ) ( x 2 + 1 ) ( x − 3 )
x^4 - 2x^3 - 2x^2 - 2x - 3
= x^4 - 1 - 2x^3 - 2x^2 - 2x -2
= ( x - 1 ) ( x + 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2x^2 ( x + 1 ) - 2 ( x + 1 )
= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2x^2 - 2 ]
= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 - 2 ( x^2 - 1 ) ]
= ( x + 1 ) [ ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2 ( x - 1 ) ( x + 1 ) ]
= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) [ ( x^2 + 1 ) - 2 ( x +1 )
= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 +1 - 2x - 2 )
= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 1 ) ( x^2 - 2x - 1 )
a: \(x^4+2x^3+3x^2+2x+1\)
\(=x^4+x^3+x^2+x^3+x^2+x+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2\)
b: \(x^4-4x^3+2x^2+4x+1\)
\(=x^4-2x^3-x^2-2x^3+4x^2+2x-x^2+2x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-2x-1\right)-2x\left(x^2-2x-1\right)-\left(x^2-2x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x-1\right)=\left(x^2-2x-1\right)^2\)
c: \(x^4+x^3+2x^2+2x+4\)
\(=x^4-x^3+2x^2+2x^3-2x^2+4x+2x^2-2x+4\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-x+2\right)+2x\left(x^2-x+2\right)+2\left(x^2-x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\)
a: \(3x^3y^2-12x^2y^3\)
\(=3x^2y^2\cdot x-3x^2y^2\cdot4y\)
\(=3x^2y^2\left(x-4y\right)\)
b: \(x^2-5x+xy-5y\)
=x(x-5)+y(x-5)
=(x-5)(x+y)
d: \(2x^2-4xy+2y^2-18\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\right)\)
\(=2\left\lbrack\left(x-y\right)^2-3\right\rbrack\)
=2(x-y-3)(x-y+3)
e: \(x^3-2020x_{}^2+2020x-2019\)
\(=x^3-x^2+x-2019x^2+2019x-2019\)
\(=x\left(x^2-x+1\right)-2019\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x-2019\right)\)




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