\(VT=6\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+10\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)

\(=6\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+2\frac{9}{2x+y+z+x+2y+z+x+y+2z}\)

\(\ge6\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+2\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)

\(=\: 6\cdot\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2}{3}+2\cdot\frac{9}{4\cdot\frac{3}{4}}=9\)

Lời giải:

$x^5+y^5+z^5=(x^2+y^2+z^2)(x^3+y^3+z^3)-[x^2(y^3+z^3)+y^2(x^3+z^3)+z^2(x^3+y^3)]$

Mà:

$x^3+y^3+z^3=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)+z^3$

$=(-z)^3-3xy(-z)+z^3=3xyz$

Và:

\(x^2(y^3+z^3)+y^2(x^3+z^3)+z^2(x^3+y^3)\)

\(=x^2y^2(x+y)+y^2z^2(y+z)+z^2x^2(z+x)=-x^2y^2z-y^2z^2x-x^2y^2z\)

\(=-xyz(xy+yz+xz)=-xyz[\frac{(x+y+z)^2-(x^2+y^2+z^2)}{2}]=\frac{xyz(x^2+y^2+z^2)}{2}\)

Do đó: \(x^5+y^5+z^5=3xyz(x^2+y^2+z^2)-\frac{xyz(x^2+y^2+z^2)}{2}=\frac{5xyz(x^2+y^2+z^2)}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow 2(x^5+y^5+z^5)=5xyz(x^2+y^2+z^2)\)

Ta có đpcm.

\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}\ge2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y^2}\cdot\frac{y^2}{z^2}}=2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{z^2}}=2\cdot\frac{x}{z}\)

\(\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\ge2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{z^2}\cdot\frac{z^2}{x^2}}=2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{x^2}}=2\cdot\frac{y}{x}\)

\(\frac{z^2}{x^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}\ge2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{x^2}\cdot\frac{x^2}{y^2}}=2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{y^2}}=2\cdot\frac{z}{y}\)

Do đó; \(\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}\right)+\left(\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\right)+\left(\frac{z^2}{x^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}\right)\ge2\cdot\frac{x}{z}+2\cdot\frac{y}{x}+2\cdot\frac{z}{y}\)

=>\(2\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}\right)\)

=>\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\ge\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}\)

\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}\ge2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y^2}\cdot\frac{y^2}{z^2}}=2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{z^2}}=2\cdot\frac{x}{z}\)

\(\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\ge2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{z^2}\cdot\frac{z^2}{x^2}}=2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{x^2}}=2\cdot\frac{y}{x}\)

\(\frac{z^2}{x^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}\ge2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{x^2}\cdot\frac{x^2}{y^2}}=2\cdot\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{y^2}}=2\cdot\frac{z}{y}\)

Do đó; \(\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}\right)+\left(\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\right)+\left(\frac{z^2}{x^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2}\right)\ge2\cdot\frac{x}{z}+2\cdot\frac{y}{x}+2\cdot\frac{z}{y}\)

=>\(2\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}\right)\)

=>\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\ge\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}\)

Đề lỗi công thức rồi. Bạn xem lại.

a/

$x^2+y^2+z^2=3$

$F=\dfrac{x^2+1}{z+2}+\dfrac{y^2+1}{x+2}+\dfrac{z^2+1}{y+2}$

$\ge \dfrac{(x+y+z)^2}{(x+y+z)+6}\qquad (\text{Titu})$

Đặt $t=x+y+z$.

Ta có $t^2\le 3(x^2+y^2+z^2)=9$

$\Rightarrow t\le 3$.

Xét $f(t)=\dfrac{t^2}{t+6}$ thì $f'(t)=\dfrac{t(t+12)}{(t+6)^2}>0$ nên $f(t)$ tăng trên $(0,+\infty)$.

Mặt khác $t\ge \sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}=\sqrt3$.

Suy ra $F\ge f(\sqrt3)=\dfrac{3}{6+\sqrt3}$ $=\dfrac{6-\sqrt3}{11}$.

Dấu bằng khi $x=y=z=1$.

$\boxed{\min F=\dfrac{6-\sqrt3}{11}}$.

b/

Đặt $S=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{b+3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{c+3}}.$

Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz, $S^2\le (a+b+c)\left(\dfrac1{a+3}+\dfrac1{b+3}+\dfrac1{c+3}\right)$.

Lại có $(a+b+c)^2\ge 3(ab+bc+ca)=9$

$\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge 3$.

Theo bất đẳng thức Nesbitt dạng Engel,

$\dfrac1{a+3}+\dfrac1{b+3}+\dfrac1{c+3}\le \dfrac1{6}(3)=\dfrac12.$

Do đó $S^2\le \dfrac32$

$\Rightarrow S\le \sqrt{\dfrac32}<\dfrac32$.

Suy ra $\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{b+3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{c+3}}\le \dfrac32.$

\(x^2=y.z\Rightarrow x^3=x.y.z\\ y^2=x.z\Rightarrow y^3=x.y.z\\ z^2=x.y\Rightarrow z^3=x.y.z\\ \Rightarrow x^3=y^3=z^3\\ \Rightarrow x=y=z\)