ĐKXĐ: 5-x>=0 và x+8>=0

=>-8<=x<=5

Ta có: \(13\sqrt{5-x}+18\sqrt{x+8}=61+x+3\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)\left(x+8\right)}\)

=>\(13\sqrt{5-x}-26+18\sqrt{x+8}-54=x-19+3\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)\left(x+8\right)}\)

=>\(13\cdot\left(\sqrt{5-x}-2\right)+18\left(\sqrt{x+8}-3\right)=x-1-18+3\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)\left(x+8\right)}\)

=>\(13\cdot\frac{5-x-4}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+18\cdot\frac{x+8-9}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}=x-1+3\left(\sqrt{\left(5-x\right)\left(x+8\right)}-6\right)\)

=>\(13\cdot\frac{1-x}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+18\cdot\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}=x-1+3\left(\sqrt{5x+40-x^2-8x}-6\right)\)

=>\(-13\cdot\frac{\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+18\cdot\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}=x-1+3\left(\sqrt{-x^2-3x+40}-6\right)\)

=>\(-13\cdot\frac{\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+18\cdot\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}=x-1+3\cdot\frac{-x^2-3x+40-36}{\sqrt{-x^2-3x+40}+6}\)

=>(x-1)\(\left(-\frac{13}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+\frac{18}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}\right)=x-1+3\cdot\frac{-x^2-3x+4}{\sqrt{-x^2-3x+40}+6}\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(-\frac{13}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+\frac{18}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}\right)=x-1+3\cdot\frac{-x^2-4x+x+4}{\sqrt{-x^2-3x+40}+6}\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(-\frac{13}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+\frac{18}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}\right)=x-1+3\cdot\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(-x+1\right)}{\sqrt{-x^2-3x+40}+6}\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(-\frac{13}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+\frac{18}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}\right)=x-1-3\cdot\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{-x^2-3x+40}+6}\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(-\frac{13}{\sqrt{5-x}+2}+\frac{18}{\sqrt{x+8}+3}-1+3\cdot\frac{x+4}{\sqrt{-x^2-3x+40}+6}\right)=0\)

=>x-1=0

=>x=1(nhận)

x,y là số nguyên tố đúng ko?

ĐK \(-1\le x\le7\)

Ta có \(VT=x^2-6x+13=\left(x-3\right)^2+4\ge4\)(1)

\(2VP=\sqrt{4\left(7-x\right)}+\sqrt{4\left(x+1\right)}\le\frac{4+7-x+4+1+x}{2}=8\)

=> \(VP\le4\)(2)

Từ (1);(2)

=> đẳng thức xảy ra khi x=3(tm ĐKXĐ)

Vậy x=3

Lời giải:

Đặt $\sqrt[3]{x}=a; \sqrt[3]{2x-3}=b$. Ta có:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=\sqrt[3]{4(a^3+b^3)}\\ 2a^3-b^3=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^3+b^3+3ab(a+b)=4(a^3+b^3)\\ 2a^3-b^3=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^3+b^3=ab(a+b)\\ 2a^3-b^3=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} (a-b)^2(a+b)=0(1)\\ 2a^3-b^3=3(2)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ $(1)$ suy ra $a=b$ hoặc $a=-b$.

Nếu $a=b$. Thay vào $(2)$ suy ra $a^3=b^3=3$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2x-3=3$ (thỏa mãn)

Nếu $a=-b$. Thay vào $(2)$ suy ra $a^3=1; b^3=-1$

$\Leftrightarrow x=1; 2x-3=-1$ (thỏa mãn)

Vậy $x=3$ hoặc $x=1$

a, ĐK: \(x\ge2\)

\(\sqrt{2x+1}-\sqrt{x-2}=x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3}{\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{x-2}}=x+3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{x-2}}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(l\right)\\\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{x-2}=1\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Phương trình vô nghiệm.

b, ĐK: \(x\ge-1\)

\(\sqrt{x+3}+2x\sqrt{x+1}=2x+\sqrt{x^2+4x+3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}+2x\sqrt{x+1}=2x+\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{x+3}\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)+2x\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-\sqrt{x+3}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}=2x\\\sqrt{x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x+3=4x^2\end{matrix}\right.\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(tm\right)\\x=0\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\sqrt{2023-\sqrt{x}}=2023-x\left(ĐK:x\ge0\right)\)

Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x}\left(t\le2023\right)\)

Pt trở thành : \(\sqrt{2023-t}=2023-t^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2023-t=\left(2023-t^2\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^4-4046t+4092529=2023-t\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^4-4045+4090506=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2023\left(n\right)\\t=2022\left(n\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

+) Với \(t=2023\Rightarrow x^2=2023\Rightarrow x=\pm17\sqrt{7}\)

+) Với \(t=2022\Rightarrow x^2=2022\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{2022}\)

Vì \(x\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{17\sqrt{7};\sqrt{2022}\right\}\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{17\sqrt{7};\sqrt{2022}\right\}\)

tks

a: ĐKXĐ: -21<=x<=21 và x<>0

Ta có: \(\frac{\sqrt{21+x} + \sqrt{21-x}}{\sqrt{21+x} - \sqrt{21-x}} = \frac{21}{x}\)

=>\(\frac{(\sqrt{21+x} + \sqrt{21-x})^2}{(21+x) - (21-x)} = \frac{21}{x}\)

=>\(\frac{(21+x) + (21-x) + 2\sqrt{(21+x)(21-x)}}{2x} = \frac{21}{x}\)

=>\(\frac{42 + 2\sqrt{441 - x^2}}{2x} = \frac{21}{x}\)

=>\(\frac{21 + \sqrt{441 - x^2}}{x} = \frac{21}{x}\)

=>\(21+\sqrt{441-x^2}=21\)

=>\(\sqrt{441-x^2}=0\)

=>\(441-x^2=0\)

=>\(x^2=441\)

=>x=21(nhận) hoặc x=-21(nhận)

b: ĐKXĐ: x∈R

\(\left(\sqrt[3]{x+1}+\sqrt[3]{3x+1}\right)^3\)

\(=x+1+3x+1+3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\left(x+1\right)\left(3x+1\right)}\cdot\left(\sqrt[3]{x+1}+\sqrt[3]{3x+1}\right)\)

=4x+2+\(3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\left(x+1\right)\left(3x+1\right)}\cdot\left(\sqrt[3]{x+1}+\sqrt[3]{3x+1}\right)\)

Phương trình ban đầu sẽ trở thành:

\(4x + 2 + 3\sqrt[3]{(x+1)(3x+1)(x-1)} = x - 1\)

=>\(3\sqrt[3]{(x^2-1)(3x+1)}=-3x-3\)

=>\(\sqrt[3]{(x^2-1)(3x+1)}=-(x+1)\)

=>\((x^2-1)(3x+1) = -(x+1)^3\)

=>\((x-1)(x+1)(3x+1) + (x+1)^3 = 0\)

=>(x+1)(3x^2+x-3x-1+x^2+2x+1)=0

=>(x+1)(4x^2)=0

=>x=0 hoặc x=-1

Khi x=0 thì \(\sqrt[3]{1}+\sqrt[3]{1}=2<>\sqrt[3]{-1}=-1\) (loại)

Khi x=-1 thì \(\sqrt[3]{0}+\sqrt[3]{-2}=\sqrt[3]{-2}\) (nhận)

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{72x}{128}}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\dfrac{9}{16}=\dfrac{9}{16}\)

hay x=1

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[]{x-1}=a\ge0\\\sqrt[3]{2-x}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^3=1\)

Ta được hệ: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=1\\a^2+b^3=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=1-a\\a^2+b^3=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+\left(1-a\right)^3=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-4a^2+3a=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a-1\right)\left(a-3\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\a=1\\a=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[]{x-1}=0\\\sqrt[]{x-1}=1\\\sqrt[]{x-1}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

1) đkxđ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\\y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét biểu thức \(P=x^3+y^3+7xy\left(x+y\right)\)

\(P=\left(x+y\right)^3+4xy\left(x+y\right)\)

\(P\ge4\sqrt{xy}\left(x+y\right)^2\)

Ta sẽ chứng minh \(4\sqrt{xy}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge8xy\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)  (*)

Thật vậy, (*)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge2\sqrt{2xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^4\ge8xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+6x^2y^2\ge4xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\) (**)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si, ta được:

VT(**) \(=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2+4x^2y^2\ge4xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)\(=\) VP(**)

Vậy (**) đúng \(\Rightarrowđpcm\). Do đó, để đẳng thức xảy ra thì \(x=y\). 

Thế vào pt đầu tiên, ta được \(\sqrt{2x-3}-\sqrt{x}=2x-6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x}}=2\left(x-3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(nhận\right)\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x}}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

 Rõ ràng với \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) thì \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x}}\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{2.3}{2}-3}+\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}}}< 2\) nên ta chỉ xét TH \(x=3\Rightarrow y=3\) (nhận)

Vậy hệ pt đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;3\right)\)