a, Ta có:

2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + . . . + 2 99 + 2 100

=  2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 2 5 +...+ 2 96 + 2 97 + 2 98 + 2 99 + 2 100

= 2. 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 +...+ 2 96 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4

=  2 . 31 + 2 6 . 31 + . . . + 2 96 . 31

=  2 + 2 6 + . . . + 2 96 . 31  chia hết cho 31

b, Ta có:

5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150

=  5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150

=  5 1 + 5 + 5 3 1 + 5 + 5 5 1 + 5 + . . . + 5 149 1 + 5

=  5 . 6 + 5 3 . 6 + 5 5 . 6 + . . . + 5 149 . 6

=  ( 5 + 5 3 + 5 5 + . . . + 5 149 ) . 6  chia hết cho 6

Ta lại có:

5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150

=  5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 +...+ 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 + 5 148 + 5 149 + 5 150  (có đúng 25 nhóm)

=  [ ( 5 + 5 4 ) + ( 5 2 + 5 5 ) + ( 5 3 + 5 6 ) ] + ... +  [ 5 145 + 5 148 ) + ( 5 146 + 5 149 ) + ( 5 147 + 5 150 ]

=  [ 5 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 2 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 3 ( 1 + 5 3 ) ] + ... +  [ 5 145 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 146 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 147 ( 1 + 5 3 ]

=  ( 5 . 126 + 5 2 . 126 + 5 3 . 126 )...

Chịu 🤭🤭🤭

Câu 1: 

$A=(2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4)+(2^5+2^6)+....+(2^{2019}+2^{2020})$

$=2(1+2)+2^3(1+2)+2^5(1+2)+....+2^{2019}(1+2)$

$=(1+2)(2+2^3+2^5+...+2^{2019})=3(2+2^3+2^5+...+2^{2019})\vdots 3$

-----------------

$A=2+(2^2+2^3+2^4)+(2^5+2^6+2^7)+....+(2^{2018}+2^{2019}+2^{2020})$

$=2+2^2(1+2+2^2)+2^5(1+2+2^2)+....+2^{2018}(1+2+2^2)$

$=2+(1+2+2^2)(2^2+2^5+....+2^{2018})$

$=2+7(2^2+2^5+...+2^{2018})$

$\Rightarrow A$ chia $7$ dư $2$.

Câu 2:

$B=(3+3^2)+(3^3+3^4)+....+(3^{2021}+3^{2022})$
$=3(1+3)+3^3(1+3)+...+3^{2021}(1+3)$

$=(1+3)(3+3^3+...+3^{2021})=4(3+3^3+....+3^{2021})\vdots 4$

-------------------

$B=(3+3^2+3^3)+(3^4+3^5+3^6)+...+(3^{2020}+3^{2021}+3^{2022})$

$=3(1+3+3^2)+3^4(1+3+3^2)+....+3^{2020}(1+3+3^2)$

$=(1+3+3^2)(3+3^4+...+3^{2020})=13(3+3^4+...+3^{2020})\vdots 13$ (đpcm)

Bài 1:

\(a,A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{2009}+2^{2010}\right)\\ A=\left(1+2\right)\left(2+2^3+...+2^{2009}\right)=3\left(2+...+2^{2009}\right)⋮3\\ A=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{2008}+2^{2009}+2^{2010}\right)\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)\left(2+...+2^{2008}\right)=7\left(2+...+2^{2008}\right)⋮7\)

\(b,\left(\text{sửa lại đề}\right)B=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\\ B=\left(1+3\right)\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)=4\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)⋮4\\ B=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{2008}+3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\\ B=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+...+3^{2008}\right)=13\left(3+...+3^{2008}\right)⋮13\)

Bài 2:

\(a,\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+...+2^{2012}\\ \Rightarrow2A-A=2+2^2+...+2^{2012}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{2011}\\ \Rightarrow A=2^{2012}-1>2^{2011}-1=B\\ b,A=\left(2020-1\right)\left(2020+1\right)=2020^2-2020+2020-1=2020^2-1< B\)

a) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}\)

\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\)

\(A=2\cdot\left(1+3\right)+2^3\cdot\left(1+3\right)+...+2^{59}\cdot\left(1+3\right)\)

\(A=3\cdot\left(2+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)\)

Vậy A chia hết cho 3

________

\(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{20}\)

\(A=\left(2+2^3\right)+\left(2^2+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{58}+2^{60}\right)\)

\(A=2\cdot\left(1+4\right)+2^2\cdot\left(1+4\right)+...+2^{58}\cdot\left(1+4\right)\)

\(A=5\cdot\left(2+2^2+...+2^{58}\right)\)

Vậy A chia hết cho 5 

1/

Tổng A là tổng các số hạng cách đều nhau 4 đơn vị.

Số số hạng: $(101-1):4+1=26$

$A=(101+1)\times 26:2=1326$

2/

$B=(1+2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4+2^5)+(2^6+2^7+2^8)+(2^9+2^{10}+2^{11})$

$=(1+2+2^2)+2^3(1+2+2^2)+2^6(1+2+2^2)+2^9(1+2+2^2)$

$=(1+2+2^2)(1+2^3+2^6+2^9)$

$=7(1+2^3+2^6+2^9)\vdots 7$

a: \(=2^2\left(1+2\right)+2^4\left(1+2\right)=3\left(2^2+2^4\right)⋮3\)

b: \(=4^{20}\left(1+4\right)+4^{22}\left(1+4\right)=5\left(4^{20}+4^{22}\right)⋮5\)

c: \(A=\left(1+4+4^2\right)+...+4^{96}\left(1+4+4^2\right)\)

\(=21\left(1+...+4^{96}\right)⋮21\)

d: \(B=7\left(1+7\right)+7^3\left(1+7\right)+...+7^{35}\left(1+7\right)\)

\(=8\left(7+7^3+...+7^{35}\right)⋮8\)

\(B=7\left(1+7+7^2\right)+...+7^{34}\left(1+7+7^2\right)\)

\(=57\left(7+...+7^{34}\right)\) chia hếtcho 3 và 19

Bài 3: 

a) Ta có: \(C=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)

\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+\left(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}\right)+...+\left(2^{96}+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\)

\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^6\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{96}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)

\(=31\cdot\left(2+2^6+...+2^{96}\right)⋮31\)(đpcm)

Bài 1: 

Ta có: \(A=3^{n+2}-2^{n+2}+3^n-2^n\)

\(=3^n\cdot9-2^n\cdot4+3^n-2^n\)

\(=3^n\left(9+1\right)-2^n\left(4+1\right)\)

\(=10\left(3^n-2^{n-1}\right)⋮10\)

Vậy: A có chữ số tận cùng là 0

Bài 2: 

Ta có: \(abcd=1000\cdot a+100\cdot b+10\cdot c+d\)

\(\Leftrightarrow abcd=1000\cdot a+96\cdot b+8c+2c+4b+d\)

\(\Leftrightarrow abcd=8\left(125a+12b+c\right)+\left(2c+4b+d\right)\)

mà \(8\left(125a+12b+c\right)⋮8\)

và \(2c+4b+d⋮8\)

nên \(abcd⋮8\)(đpcm)

Ta có 4a+5b chia hết cho 23 => 4(4a+5b)=16a+20b chia hết cho 23

16a+20b+7a+3b = 23a+23b chia hết cho 23

mà 16a+20b chia hết cho 23 nên 7a+3b chia hết cho 23 (dpcm)