III

1 It's colder today than yesterday

2 It takes 4 hours to travel by car and fives hours by train

3 We were busier at work today than everyday

4 Jane's sister cooks worse than her

5 Nobody in this team can play football as well as Tom

IV

1 D
2 A

Bài 5:

\(x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2\)

\(=x^4\left(x^2-1\right)+2x^2\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left\lbrack x^2\left(x-1\right)+2\right\rbrack=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\)

\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+x^2-2x^2-2x+2x+2\right)\)

\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2\right)=x^2\left(x+1\right)^2\cdot\left(x_{}^2-x+2\right)\)

=>\(y^2=x^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)^2\cdot\left(x^2-x+2\right)\) (1)

TH1: x=0

(1) sẽ tương đương: \(y^2=0^2\left(0+1\right)^2\cdot\left(0^2-0+2\right)=0\)

=>y=0

=>Nhận

TH2: x+1=0

=>x=-1∉N

=>Loại

TH3: x>0

=>\(x^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)^2>0\)

(1) sẽ trở thành: \(x^2 - 2x + 2 = \left(\frac{y}{x(x+1)}\right)^2\)

=>\(x^2-2x+2\) là số chính phương

=>\(x^2-2x+2=k^2\) (k∈N)

=>\(x^2-2x+1-k^2=-1\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)^2-k^2=-1\)

=>(x-1-k)(x-1+k)=-1

TH1: x-1-k=1 và x-1+k=-1

=>x-1-k+x-1+k=1-1

=>2x-2=0

=>2x=2

=>x=1(nhận)

=>\(y^2 = 1^2 \cdot (1 + 1)^2 \cdot (1^2 - 2(1) + 2) = 1 \cdot 4 \cdot 1 = 4 \implies y = 2 \quad (\text{do } y \in \mathbb{N})\)

TH2: x-1-k=-1 và x-1+k=1

=>x-1-k+x-1+k=1-1

=>2x-2=0

=>2x=2

=>x=1(nhận)

=>\(y^2 = 1^2 \cdot (1 + 1)^2 \cdot (1^2 - 2(1) + 2) = 1 \cdot 4 \cdot 1 = 4 \implies y = 2 \quad (\text{do } y \in \mathbb{N})\)

8a.

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^+}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^+}\left(3x^2-5x+1\right)=3-5+1=-1\)

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^-}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^-}\left(-3x+2\right)=-3+2=-1\)

\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^+}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1^-}f\left(x\right)\Rightarrow\) hàm có giới hạn tại \(x=1\)

Đồng thời \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}f\left(x\right)=-1\)

b.

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^+}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^+}\dfrac{x^3-8}{x-2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^+}\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)}{x-2}\)

\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^+}\left(x^2+2x+4\right)=12\)

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^-}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^-}\left(2x+1\right)=5\)

\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^+}f\left(x\right)\ne\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^-}f\left(x\right)\Rightarrow\) hàm ko có giới hạn tại x=2

9.

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0^+}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0^+}\dfrac{x^2+mx+2m+1}{x+1}=\dfrac{0+0+2m+1}{0+1}=2m+1\)

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0^-}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0^-}\dfrac{2x+3m-1}{\sqrt{1-x}+2}=\dfrac{0+3m-1}{1+2}=\dfrac{3m-1}{3}\)

Hàm có giới hạn khi \(x\rightarrow0\) khi:

\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0^+}f\left(x\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0^-}f\left(x\right)\Rightarrow2m+1=\dfrac{3m-1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow m=-\dfrac{4}{3}\)

\(R_{tđ}=\dfrac{R_1\cdot R_2}{R_1+R_2}=\dfrac{24\cdot12}{24+12}=8\Omega\)

\(I=\dfrac{U}{R}=\dfrac{12}{8}=1,5A\)

\(P=\dfrac{U^2}{R}=\dfrac{12^2}{8}=18W\)

\(Q_{tỏa1}=A_1=U_1\cdot I_1\cdot t=12\cdot\dfrac{12}{24}\cdot1\cdot3600=21600J\)

\(Q_{tỏa2}=A_2=U_2\cdot I_2\cdot t=12\cdot\dfrac{12}{12}\cdot1\cdot3600=43200J\)

Câu I:

1) Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-4}{x-\sqrt{x}}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{2}{x-1}\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{x+x+\sqrt{x}-2-x-\sqrt{x}+4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}:\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt{x}}\)

2) Để P=3 thì \(\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt{x}}=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+2=3\sqrt{x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\sqrt{x}+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-2=0\\\sqrt{x}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=2\\\sqrt{x}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\left(nhận\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Để P=3 thì x=4

Bài 3: 

c) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2-x}{5}=\dfrac{x+4}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow14-7x=5x+20\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-7x-5x=20-14\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-12x=6\)

hay \(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Tỉ lệ \(x=\dfrac{y}{-5}\)

x             -4                 -1                2                   3

y             20                 5               -10               -15