=4x²+4xy+y²+x²-6x-2y+1

=(2x+y)²-4x-2y+1+x²-2x+1-1

=[(2x+y)²-2(2x+y)+1]+(x-1)²-1

=(2x+y+1)²+(x-1)²-1

ta có: (2x+y+1)²\(\ge0\)với\(\forall\)x

         (x-1)²\(\ge0\)với \(\forall\)x

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2-1\ge-1\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow N\ge-1\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x+y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-3\end{cases}}}\)

vậy N đạt GTNN là -1 khi và chỉ khi x=1;y=-3

\(D=2023-8x+2y+4xy-y^2-5x^2\)

\(=-\left(y^2+5x^2-4xy-2y+8x-2023\right)\)

\(=-\left(y^2-2.y.\left(2x+1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)^2+5x^2+8x-2023\right)\)

\(=-\left[\left(y-2x-1\right)^2-4x^2-4x-1+5x^2+8x-2023\right]\)

\(=-\left[\left(y-2x-1\right)^2+x^2+4x-2024\right]\)

\(=-\left[\left(y-2x-1\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2\right]+2028\)

Vì \(-\left[\left(y-2x-1\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2\right]\le0\forall x,y\)

\(MaxD=2028\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(C=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-\left(y^2-8y+16\right)+22\\ =-\left(x^2+2x.2+2^2\right)-\left(y^2-2.y.4+4^2\right)+22\\ =-\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(y-4\right)^2+22\\ Vậy:max_C=22.khi.x=-2.và.y=4\)

a) Ta có: \(P=5x^2+4xy-6x+y^2+2030\)

\(=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+2021\)

\(=\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2+2021\ge2021\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\y+2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-2x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(a^5-5a^3+4a\)

\(=a\left(a^4-5a^2+4\right)\)

\(=a\left(a^2-4\right)\left(a^2-1\right)\)

\(=\left(a-2\right)\left(a-1\right)\cdot a\cdot\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\)

Vì a-2;a-1;a;a+1;a+2 là tích của 5 số nguyên liên tiếp

nên \(\left(a-2\right)\left(a-1\right)a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)⋮5!\)

hay \(a^5-5a^3+4a⋮120\)

A=5x2+2y2−4xy−8x−4y+19=(2x2−4xy+2y2)+4(x−y)+(3x2−12x)+19=2(x−y)2+4(x−y)+3(x2−4x+4)+7=

mik viết 5x2 là 5x mũ 2 nha

\(x^2y^2+x^2-xy+6x+2016\)

\(=\left[\left(xy\right)^2-xy+\frac{1}{4}\right]+\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+2006,75\)

\(=\left(xy-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+2006,75\ge2006,75\forall x;y\)

Dấu"=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(xy-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\\\left(x+3\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}xy-\frac{1}{2}=0\\x=-3\end{cases}\Rightarrow}y=\frac{-1}{6}}\)

Vậy GTNN của bt = 2006,75 tại x=-3 ; y=\(\frac{-1}{6}\)

\(a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y-2x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y-4z-14\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(e,x^2+y^2-6x+4y+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)

Pt vô nghiệm do ko có 2 bình phương số nguyên có tổng là 11

e: Ta có: \(x^2-6x+y^2+4y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+y^2+4y+4-11=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2

2:

a: \(3xy^2-3x^3-6xy+3x\)

\(=3x\cdot\left(y^2-2y+1-x^2\right)\)

\(=3x\left\lbrack\left(y-1\right)^2-x^2\right\rbrack\)

=3x(y-1-x)(y-1+x)

b: \(3x^2+11x+6\)

\(=3x^2+9x+2x+6\)

=3x(x+3)+2(x+3)

=(x+3)(3x+2)

c: \(-x^3-4xy^2+4x^2y+16x\)

\(=x\left(16+4xy-4y^2-x^2\right)\)

\(=x\cdot\left\lbrack4^2-\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)\right\rbrack=x\cdot\left\lbrack4^2-\left(x-2y\right)^2\right\rbrack\)

=x(4-x+2y)(4+x-2y)

d: \(xz-x^2-yz+2xy-y^2\)

=z(x-y)-\(\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)

=\(z\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2\)

=(x-y)(z-x+y)

e: \(4x^2-y^2-6x+3y\)

=(2x-y)(2x+y)-3(2x-y)

=(2x-y)(2x+y-3)

f: \(x^4-x^3-10x^2+2x+4\)

\(=x^4+2x^3-2x^2-3x^3-6x^2+6x-2x^2-4x+4\)

\(=\left(x^2+2x-2\right)\left(x^2-3x-2\right)\)

g: \(\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)\left(121-25y^2-10y\right)-\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)-\left(121-25y^2-10y\right)+1\)

\(=\left(x^3-x^2+x\right)\left(121-25y^2-10y-1\right)-\left(121-25y^2-10y-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x^3-x^2+x-1\right)\left\lbrack121-\left(25y^2+10y+1\right)\right\rbrack\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left\lbrack121-\left(5y+1\right)^2\right\rbrack\)

=(x-1)(x^2+1)(11-5y-1)(11+5y+1)

=(x-1)(x^2+1)(10-5y)(12+5y)

=5(2-y)(x-1)(x^2+1)(5y+12)

a, xem lại đề 

\(b,x^2-4x+y^2-6y+1\\ =\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)-12\\ =\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2-12\ge-12\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

\(c,x^2-4xy+5y^2-2y+5\\ =\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+4\\ =\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

a, 

Dấu "=" xảy ra

Vậy ...

Dấu "=" xảy ra

Vậy ...