a)\(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}\)

Áp dụng tc dãy tỉ 

\(\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{x+y+z}{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{49}{\frac{49}{12}}=12\)

Với \(\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=12\Rightarrow x=18\)

Với \(\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=12\Rightarrow y=16\)

Với \(\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}=12\Rightarrow z=15\)

b)\(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{4}=\frac{b^2}{9}=\frac{2c^2}{32}\)

Áp dụng tc dãy tỉ

\(\frac{a^2}{4}=\frac{b^2}{9}=\frac{2c^2}{32}=\frac{a^2-b^2+2c^2}{4-9+32}=\frac{108}{27}=4\)

Với \(\frac{a^2}{4}=4\Rightarrow a=4\)

Với \(\frac{b^2}{9}=4\Rightarrow b=6\)

Với \(\frac{2c^2}{32}=4\Rightarrow c=8\)

a: 3x=2y

=>\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}\)

Đặt \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=k\)

=>x=2k; y=3k

Sửa đề: \(x^3+y^3=35\)

=>\(\left(2k\right)^3+\left(3k\right)^3=35\)

=>\(35k^3=35\)

=>\(k^3=1\)

=>k=1

=>\(\begin{cases}x=2\cdot1=2\\ y=3\cdot1=3\end{cases}\)

b: Sửa đề: 2x+y-3z=-10

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}=\frac{2x+y-3z}{2\cdot2+3-3\cdot4}=\frac{-10}{4+3-12}=\frac{-10}{-5}=2\)

=>\(\begin{cases}x=2\cdot2=4\\ y=2\cdot3=6\\ z=2\cdot4=8\end{cases}\)

c: Đặt \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{z}{4}=k\)

=>x=3k; y=2k; z=4k

Sửa đề: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=261\)

=>\(\left(3k\right)^2+\left(2k\right)^2+\left(4k\right)^2=261\)

=>\(9k^2+4k^2+16k^2=261\)

=>\(29k^2=261\)

=>\(k^2=9\)

=>k=3 hoặc k=-3

TH1: k=3

=>\(\begin{cases}x=3\cdot3=9\\ y=2\cdot3=6\\ z=4\cdot3=12\end{cases}\)

TH2: k=-3

=>\(\begin{cases}x=3\cdot\left(-3\right)=-9\\ y=2\cdot\left(-3\right)=-6\\ z=4\cdot\left(-3\right)=-12\end{cases}\)

e: \(\frac{x}{2}=3y\)

=>x=6y

5y=4z

=>z=1,25y

x+y-z=15

=>6y+y-1,25y=15

=>5,75y=15

=>\(y=\frac{15}{5,75}=\frac{60}{23}\)

=>\(x=6\cdot\frac{60}{23}=\frac{360}{23}\) ; \(z=1,25\cdot\frac{60}{23}=\frac{75}{23}\)

f: \(\frac{x}{y}=\frac37\)

=>\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{7}\)
=>\(\frac{x}{12}=\frac{y}{28}\) (1)

\(\frac{y}{z}=\frac45\)

=>\(\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}\)

=>\(\frac{y}{28}=\frac{z}{35}\) (2)

Từ (1),(2) suy ra \(\frac{x}{12}=\frac{y}{28}=\frac{z}{35}\)

mà x+y-z=20

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\frac{x}{12}=\frac{y}{28}=\frac{z}{35}=\frac{x+y-z}{12+28-35}=\frac{20}{5}=4\)

=>\(\begin{cases}x=4\cdot12=48\\ y=4\cdot28=112\\ z=4\cdot35=140\end{cases}\)

a)\(\left(x+y\right)^2:\left(x+y\right)=x+y\)

b)\(\left(x-y\right)^5:\left(y-x\right)^4=\left(x-y\right)^5:\left(x-y\right)^4=x-y\)

c)\(\left(5x^4-3x^3+x^2\right):3x^2=\frac{5}{3}x^2-x+\frac{1}{3}^{ }\)

d)\(\left(x^3y^3-\frac{1}{2}x^2y^3+x^3y^2\right):\frac{1}{2}x^2y^2=2xy-y+x\)

1 a

2c

3b

4d

5c

6c

a, \(x^2\) + 6x + 5 = 0
=>\(x^2\) + x + 5x +5 = 0
=>x(x + 1) + 5(x + 1) = 0
=>(x + 1)(x + 5) = 0
=> x + 1 =0 hoặc x + 5 =0
=> x = -1 hoặc x = -5

c) \(\dfrac{x+3}{x-1}+\dfrac{2x+5}{x-1}+\dfrac{14-3x}{1-x}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+3}{x-1}+\dfrac{2x+5}{x-1}-\dfrac{14-3x}{x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+3+2x+5-14+3x}{x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{6x-6}{x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{6\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}\)

\(=6.\)

f: \(=x^2-9-x^2+6x-9=6x-18\)

           Bài làm :

 \(\text{a)}9\left(x+y-1\right)^2-4\left(2x+3y+1\right)^2\)

\(=\left(3x+3y-3\right)^2-\left(4x+6y+2\right)^2\)

\(=\left(3x+3y-3-4x-6y-2\right)\left(3x+3y-3+4x+6y+2\right)\)

\(=\left(-x-3y-5\right)\left(7x+9y-1\right)\)

 \(\text{b)}3x^4y^2+3x^3y^2+3xy^2+3y^2\)

\(=\left(3x^4y^2+3xy^2\right)+\left(3x^3y^2+3y^2\right)\)

\(=3xy^2\left(x^3+1\right)+3y^2\left(x^3+1\right)\)

\(=\left(3xy^2+3y^2\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)

\(=3y^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(=3y^2\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

 \(\text{c)}\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+x+y+1-3xy\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+x+y^2+y+1-xy\right)\)

\(d ) x^3+3x^2+3x+1-27z^3\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(3z\right)^3\)

\(=\left(x+1-3z\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+3xz+3z+9z^2\right)\)

a)

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{3x-2y}{3.5-2.2}=\dfrac{-55}{11}=-5\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-5.5=-25\\y=-5.2=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{2x+5y}{2.3+5.2}=\dfrac{48}{16}=3\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3.3=9\\y=3.2=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

c)

Có: \(\dfrac{x}{y}=-\dfrac{5}{2}\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{x+y}{-5+2}=\dfrac{30}{-3}=-10\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-10.-5=50\\y=-10.2=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)

d)

Có: \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{2x+3y}{2.4+3.3}=\dfrac{34}{17}=2\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.4=8\\y=2.3=6\end{matrix}\right.\)