Ta có: \(\frac{1}{n^2}<\frac{1}{n\times\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)

Từ điều trên, ta có:  \(A<\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}\)

\(A<\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2017}\)

\(A<\frac{2015}{4034}<1\)

0<A<1 nên A không phải là số tự nhiên.

(+)Hiển nhiên A>0 vì các số hạng của A đều > 0 (1)

(+)Tổng quát: \(\frac{1}{n^2}<\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)

Ta có:\(A<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{2015.2016}\)

\(\Rightarrow A<\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}=1-\frac{1}{2016}<1\)  (2)

Từ (1);(2)

=>0<A<1

=>A ko là số tự nhiên

Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)<\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\); \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)<\(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\);.....;\(\dfrac{1}{2016^2}\)<\(\dfrac{1}{2015.2016}\)

⇒ A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{2016^2}\)< \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{2015.2016}\)

⇒ A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\)+...+\(\dfrac{1}{2016^2}\) < 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{2016}\)= \(\dfrac{2015}{2016}\) (ĐCPCM)

\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2015^2}+\frac{1}{2016^2}\)

\(A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2014.2015}+\frac{1}{2015.2016}\)

\(A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}\)

\(A< 1-\frac{1}{2016}\)

\(A< \frac{2015}{2016}\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(A=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+.....+\frac{1}{2016.2016}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+.....+\frac{1}{2015.2016}\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{2016}\)

\(=\frac{2015}{2016}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{2015}{2016}\)

\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2016^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{2015.2016}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{2016}=\frac{2015}{2016}\)

=> \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2016^2}< \frac{2015}{2016}\)

​\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2016^2}>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2016.2017}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}...+\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2017}=\frac{2015}{4024}\)

=> \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{2016^2}>\frac{2015}{4034}\)

vậy ta có điều cần chứng minh

Câu a:

M = 1/3 - 1/3^2 + 1/3^3 - 1/3^4 + 1/3^5 - 1/3^6 < 1/4

3M = 1 - 1/3 + 1/3^2 - 1/3^3 + 1/3^4 - 1/3^5

3M + M = 3 - 1/3 + 1/3^2 - 1/3^3 + 1/3^4 - 1/3^5 + 1/3 - 1/3^2 + 1/3^3 - 1/3^4 + 1/3^5 - 1/3^6

4M = (1 - 1/3^6) + (-1/3 + 1/3) + (1/3^2 - 1/3^2) + (1/3^4 - 1/3^4) + (1/3^5 - 1/3^5)

4M = 1 - 1/3^6 + 0 + 0+ ..+ 0

M = 1/4 - 1/4.3^6 < 1/4 (đpcm)

4M = 3 - 1/3^6

M = 3/4

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