Bài 2:

nAl ban đầu=21,6/27=0,8(mol)

nAl dư=36.15/100.27=0,2(mol)

nAl2O3=85.36/100.102=0,3(mol)

pt: 4Al+3O2--->2Al2O3

a)nO2=3/2nAl2O3=3/2.0,3=0,45(mol)

=>mO2=0,45.32=14,4(g)

b)nAl=2nAl2O3=0,6(mol)

=>mAl=0,6.27=16,2(g)

=>%mAl p/ứ=16,2/21,6.100=75%

mCO2=100-67=33g => nCO2= 33/44=0.75 mol

PTHH: CaCO3 ---t⁰---> CaO + CO2

0.75................0.75......0.75

mCaCO3=0.75*100=75g

Như vậy còn 5g CaCO3 còn dư. Do đó chất rắn tạo ra gồm:
CaCO3 dư, Al2O3, Fe2O3 và CaO.

%Al2O3= \(\dfrac{10.2}{67}\cdot100=15.22\%\)

%Fe2O3=\(\dfrac{9.8}{67}\cdot100=14.62\%\)

mCaO = 0.75*56=42g
=> %mCaO = 42%

mCO2=100-67=33g => nCO2= 33/44=0.75 mol

PTHH: CaCO3 ---t0---> CaO + CO2

0.75................0.75......0.75

mCaCO3=0.75*100=75g

Như vậy còn 5g CaCO3 còn dư. Do đó chất rắn tạo ra gồm:
CaCO3 dư, Al2O3, Fe2O3 và CaO.

%Al2O3=

%Fe2O3=

%CaCO3dư = \(\dfrac{5}{67}\cdot100=7.4\%\)

=>%CaO=62.69%

Bài 1 : a,

Bài 1 : b,

Câu 1:

a) 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

b) 2Fe + 6H₂SO₄ --> Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 3SO₂ +6 H₂O

c) Fe₃O₄ + 10HNO₃ --> 3Fe(NO₃)₃ + NO₂ + 5H₂O

d) \(10Al+38HNO_3->10Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+2NO+3N_2O+19H_2O\)

\(\dfrac{30.n_{NO}+44.n_{N_2O}}{n_{NO}+n_{N_2O}}=19,2.2=38,4=>\dfrac{n_{NO}}{n_{N_2O}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

e) \(\left(5x-2y\right)M+\left(6nx-2ny\right)HNO_3->\left(5x-2y\right)M\left(NO_3\right)_n+nN_xO_y+\left(3nx-ny\right)H_2O\)

\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{19,2\%.27,8}{27}=\dfrac{1112}{5625}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{\left(100\%-19,2\%\right).27,8}{56}=\dfrac{14039}{35000}\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\\ n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{1112}{5625}.0,75+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{14039}{35000}\approx0,4156762\left(mol\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}\approx0,4156762.5.22,4\approx46,5557344\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1112}{5625}}{2}=\dfrac{556}{5625}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{14039}{35000}}{3}=\dfrac{14039}{105000}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{rắn}=\dfrac{14039}{105000}.232+\dfrac{556}{5625}.102=41,1016381\left(g\right)\)

gọi khối lượng của al và fe lần lượt là a và b

a+b=11,1

b-a=5,7

=>a=2,7 b=8,4

fe-->fe(+2+3)

0,15-->0,4

al-->al+3

0,1-->0,3

o-->o-2 4 e

tống e cho bằng tổng e nhận 0,7=4E=>oxi=0,175=>moxi=5,6 gam

b tự tính bạn nhé

\(m_{Al}=19,2\%.27,8=5,3376\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=27,8-5,3376=22,4624\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)

\(3Fe+2O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe_3O_4\)

Theo PT : \(n_{O_2}=0,2.\dfrac{3}{4}+0,4.\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{5}{12}\left(mol\right)\)

Vì oxi chiếm 20% thể tích không khí

=> \(V_{kk}=\dfrac{5}{12}.22,4.\dfrac{100}{20}=\dfrac{140}{3}\left(lít\right)=46,67\left(lít\right)\)

Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: \(m_{KL}+m_{O_2}=m_{oxit}\)

=> \(m_{oxit}=27,8+\dfrac{5}{12}.32=\dfrac{617}{15}\left(g\right)=41,13\left(g\right)\)

a, 

mAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4gmAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4g

⇒nAl=5,427=0,2mol⇒nAl=5,427=0,2mol

⇒nFe=27,8−5,456=0,4mol⇒nFe=27,8−5,456=0,4mol

4Al+3O2to→2Al2O34Al+3O2→to2Al2O3

3Fe+2O2to→Fe3O43Fe+2O2→toFe3O4

⇒nO2=34nAl+23nFe=512mol⇒nO2=34nAl+23nFe=512mol

⇒Vkk=512.22,4.5=46,67l⇒Vkk=512.22,4.5=46,67l

b,

mrắn=27,8+mO2=27,8+512.32=41,1g

\(m_{Al}=27,8.19,2\%=5,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe}=27,8-5,4=22,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH:

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

0,2-->0,15------->0,1

3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O₄

0,4-->4/15--------->2/15

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\left(0,15+\dfrac{4}{15}\right).22,4.5=\dfrac{140}{3}\left(l\right)\\m_{Cran}=0,1.102+\dfrac{2}{15}.232=\dfrac{617}{15}\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

mAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4g

⇒nAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2mol

⇒nFe=\(\dfrac{27,8-5,4}{56}\)=0,4mol

4Al+3O2to→2Al2O34

3Fe+2O2to→Fe3O4

⇒nO2=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)nAl+\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)nFe=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)mol

⇒Vkk=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\).22,4.5=46,67l

b,

mrắn=27,8+mO2=27,8+​​\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)32=41,1g