Ta có: \(\vert{}x^2 - 2x\vert{} - \frac{1}{2} < 2 - \vert{}x - 1\vert{}\)

=>\(\vert{}(x - 1)^2 - 1\vert{} + \vert{}x - 1\vert{} < \frac{5}{2}\) (1)

Đặt \(t = \vert{}x - 1\vert{} \ge 0\)

(1) =>\(\vert{}t^2 - 1\vert{} + t < \frac{5}{2}\)

Khi t=0 thì \(\left|t^2-1\right|+t=\left|0^2-1\right|+0=1\) <5/2(nhận)

Khi t=1 thì \(\left|t^2-1\right|+t=\left|1^2-1\right|+1=1<\frac52\) (nhận)

Khi t=2 thì \(\left|t^2-1\right|+t=\left|2^2-1\right|+2=2^2-1+2=4-1+2=6-1=5>\frac52\)

=>Loại

Khi t>2 thì \(\left|t^2-1\right|+t\ge5>\frac52\)

=>Loại

Vậy: t=0 hoặc t=1

t=0

=>x-1=0

=>x=1

\(\left|x^2-2x\right|-\frac12

=>\(\left|1^2-2\cdot1\right|-\frac12

=>\(\left|1-2\right|-\frac12

=>1/2<y<2

mà y nguyên

nên y=1

t=1

=>|x-1|=1

=>x-1=1 hoặc x-1=-1

=>x=2 hoặc x=0

Khi x=2 thì \(\left|x^2-2x\right|-\frac12

=>\(\left|2^2-2\cdot2\right|-\frac12

=>\(-\frac12

mà y nguyên

nên y=0

Khi x=0 thì \(\left|x^2-2x\right|-\frac12

=>\(\left|0^2-2\cdot0\right|-\frac12

=>\(-\frac12

mà y nguyên

nên y=0

\(\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(xy+y^2\right)=3x-1\left(1\right)\)

\(3x-1⋮x^2-x+1\)

zì \(lim\left(x\rightarrow\infty\right)\frac{3x-1}{x^2-x+1}=0\)

zà thấy x=2 thỏa mãn ,=> x=1

thay zô 1 ta có

\(1\left(y+y^2\right)=2=>y^2+y-2=0=>\orbr{\begin{cases}y=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)

zậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1,1\right)\left(1,-2\right)\right\}\)

a, \(\left|4x-8\right|\le8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|4x-8\right|\right)^2\le64\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-64x+64\le64\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-64x\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16x\left(x-4\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0\le x\le4\)

b, \(\left|x-5\right|\le4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x-5\right|\right)^2\le16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+25\le16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+9\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1\le x\le9\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9\right\}\)

c, \(\left|2x+1\right|< 3x\)

TH1: \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\left|2x+1\right|< 3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+1< 3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x>1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in Z\\x\in\left(1;2018\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(x< -\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\left|2x+1\right|< 3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x-1< 3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x>-\dfrac{1}{5}\left(l\right)\)

Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in Z\\x\in\left(1;2018\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

d, \(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x\right|< 3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1+x+2\left|x^2+x\right|< 9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x^2+x\right|< 4-x\)

Xét hai trường hợp để phá dấu giá trị tuyệt đối

e, Tương tự câu d

Ta có :

\(\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(y^2+xy\right)=3x+1\left(∗\right)\Rightarrow x^2-x+1|3x+1\Rightarrow x^2-x+1\le\left|3x-1\right|\)

TH1 :

\(x\ge\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1\le3x-1\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+2\le0\Leftrightarrow2-\sqrt{2}\le x\le2+\sqrt{2}\left(tm\right)\)

Mà \(x\in Z\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;2;3\right\}\)

TH2 :

\(x\le\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1\le-3x+1\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x\le0\Leftrightarrow-2\le x\le0\left(tm\right)\)

Mà \(x\in Z\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;-1;0\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;-1;0;1;2;3\right\}\)

+) \(\forall x=−1⇒\left(∗\right)⇔3(y^2-y)=−4⇔y^2−y=−\frac{4}{3}\left(vn\right)\)

+) \(\forall x=0⇒\left(∗\right)⇔y^2=−1\left(vn\right)\)

+) \(\forall x=1\Rightarrow\left(∗\right)\Leftrightarrow y^2+y=2\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=1\\y=-2\end{cases}\left(tm\right)}\)

Với x = 2 ; x = 3 ... ( vn ) ( Làm tương tự như trên:v )

Vậy các nghiệm nguyên của pt đã cho là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left\{\left(-2;1\right);\left(1;1\right);\left(1;-2\right)\right\}\)

@LetHateHim : Đề bài là 3x- 1 mà bạn