\(B=\left(x^2+y^2+4+2xy-4x-4y\right)+\left(x^2+z^2+1+2xz-2x-2z\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+4\)

\(B=\left(x+y-2\right)^2+\left(x+z-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+4\ge4\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-2=0\\x+z-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=2\\z=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4\\ A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\\ A_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)

\(a,=3\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(b,=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+x^2+1=\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)

`A=x^2-4x+y^2-8y+6`

`A=x^2-4x+4+y^2-8y+16-14`

`A=(x-2)^2+(y-4)^2-14`

VÌ `(x-2)^2+(y-4)^2>=0`

`=>(x-2)^2+(y-4)^2-14>=-14`

`=>A>=-14`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x-2=0,y-4=0<=>{(x=2),(y=4):}`

a: \(P=x^2+y^2-6x-2y+17\)

\(=x^2-6x+9+y^2-2y+1+7\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+7\ge7\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-3=0 và y-1=0

=>x=3 và y=1

b: \(Q=x^2+xy+y^2-3x-3y+999\)

\(=x^2+x\left(y-3\right)+y^2-3y+999\)

\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\left(\frac12y-\frac32\right)+\left(\frac12y-\frac32\right)^2+y^2-3y-\left(\frac12y-\frac32\right)^2+999\)

\(=\left(x+\frac12y-\frac32\right)^2+y^2-3y-\left(\frac14y^2-\frac32y+\frac94\right)+999\)

\(=\left(x+\frac12y-\frac32\right)^2+\frac34y^2-\frac32y-\frac94+999\)

\(=\left(x+\frac12y-\frac32\right)^2+\frac34\left(y^2-2y-3\right)+999\)

\(=\left(x+\frac12y-\frac32\right)^2+\frac34\left(y^2-2y+1-4\right)+999\)

\(=\left(x+\frac12y-\frac32\right)^2+\frac34\left(y-1\right)^2+996\ge996\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}y-1=0\\ x+\frac12y-\frac32=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}y=1\\ x=-\frac12y+\frac32=-\frac12+\frac32=\frac22=1\end{cases}\)

c: \(R=2x^2+2xy_{}+y^2-2x+2y+15\)

\(=x^2-4x+4+x^2+2xy+y^2+2x+2y+11\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+x^2+2xy+y^2+2x+2y+1+10\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(x+y+1\right)^2+10\ge10\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}x-2=0\\ x+y+1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=2\\ y=-x-1=-2-1=-3\end{cases}\)

d: \(S=x^2+26y^2-10xy+14x-76y+59\)

\(=x^2-10xy+25y^2+14x-70y+y^2-6y+59\)

\(=\left(x-5y\right)^2+14\left(x-5y\right)+49+y^2-6y+9+1\)

\(=\left(x-5y+7\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}y-3=0\\ x-5y+7=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}y=3\\ x=5y-7=5\cdot3-7=15-7=8\end{cases}\)

e: \(T=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)

\(=x^2-4xy+4y^2+10x-20y+y^2-2y+28\)

\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+10\left(x-2y\right)+25+y^2-2y+1+2\)

\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}y-1=0\\ x-2y+5=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}y=1\\ x=2y-5=2\cdot1-5=2-5=-3\end{cases}\)

Bài 1:

a: \(M=x^2-10x+3\)

\(=x^2-10x+25-22\)

\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)-22\)

\(=\left(x-5\right)^2-22>=-22\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-5=0

=>x=5

b: \(N=x^2-x+2\)

\(=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)

\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}>=\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1/2=0

=>x=1/2

c: \(P=3x^2-12x\)

\(=3\left(x^2-4x\right)\)

\(=3\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)

\(=3\left(x-2\right)^2-12>=-12\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0

=>x=2

a: \(M=2x^2-4x+3\)

\(=2x^2-4x+2+1\)

\(=2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1\)

\(=2\left(x-1\right)^2+1>=1\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1=0

=>x=1

b: \(N=x^2-4x+5+y^2+2y^2\)

\(=x^2-4x+4+3y^2+1\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+3y^2+1>=1\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0 và y=0

=>x=2 và y=0

\(P=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-4x-4y+4+\left(4y^2-4y+1\right)+2010\)

     \(=\left(x+y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)+4+\left(2y-1\right)^2+2010\)

\(P=\left(x+y-2\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2+2010\ge2010\)  với mọi  \(x,y\)

Dấu  \("="\)  xảy ra  \(\Leftrightarrow\)  \(\left(x+y-2\right)^2=0\)  và  \(\left(2y-1\right)^2=0\)

                              \(\Leftrightarrow\)  \(x+y-2=0\)  và  \(2y-1=0\)

                              \(\Leftrightarrow\)  \(x=2-y\)  và  \(y=\frac{1}{2}\)

                              \(\Leftrightarrow\)  \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)  và  \(y=\frac{1}{2}\)

Vậy,  \(P_{min}=2010\)  \(\Leftrightarrow\)   \(x=\frac{3}{2};\)  và  \(y=\frac{1}{2}\)