a: \(a^2+4a=b^2+4b+1\)

=>\(a^2+4a-b^2-4b=0\)

=>(a-b)(a+b)+4(a-b)=0

=>(a-b)(a+b+4)=0

mà a-b<>0

nên a+b+4=0

=>a+b=-4

b: Đặt \(X=a^3+b^3\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=\left(-4\right)^3-3ab\cdot\left(-4\right)=-64+12ab\)

\(a^2+4a=1\)

=>\(a^2+4a-1=0\)

=>\(a^2+4a+4-5=0\)

=>\(\left(a+2\right)^2=5\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}a+2=\sqrt5\\ a+2=-\sqrt5\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}a=\sqrt5-2\\ a=-\sqrt5-2\end{array}\right.\)

\(b^2+4b=1\)

=>\(b^2+4b-1=0\)

=>\(b^2+4b+4-5=0\)

=>\(\left(b+2\right)^2=5\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}b+2=\sqrt5\\ b+2=-\sqrt5\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}b=\sqrt5-2\\ b=-\sqrt5-2\end{array}\right.\)

Vì a<>b nên sẽ có hai trường hợp sau:

TH1: \(a=\sqrt5-2;b=-\sqrt5-2\)

=>\(ab=\left(\sqrt5-2\right)\left(-\sqrt5-2\right)=-\left(\sqrt5-2\right)\left(\sqrt5+2\right)=-1\)

X=-64+12ab

=-64-12

=-76

TH2: \(a=-\sqrt5-2;b=\sqrt5-2\)

=>\(ab=\left(\sqrt5-2\right)\left(-\sqrt5-2\right)=-\left(\sqrt5-2\right)\left(\sqrt5+2\right)=-1\)

X=-64+12ab

=-64-12

=-76

Vậy: X=-76

c: Đặt \(Y=a^4+b^4\)

\(=\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-2a^2b^2\)

\(=\left\lbrack\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab\right\rbrack^2-2\cdot\left(ab\right)^2\)

\(=\left\lbrack\left(-4\right)^2-2\cdot\left(-1\right)\right\rbrack^2-2\cdot\left(-1\right)^2=\left\lbrack16+2\right\rbrack^2-2\)

\(=18^2-2\)

=324-2

=322

\(a^2+b^2=a^3+b^3=a^4+b^4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a^3+b^3\right)^2=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^6+b^6+2a^3b^3=a^6+b^6+a^2b^4+a^4b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2a^3b^3=a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2ab=a^2+b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b\)

Thế vào \(a^2+b^2=a^3+b^3\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+a^2=a^3+a^3\Rightarrow2a^3=2a^2\Rightarrow a=b=1\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b=2\)

Ta có: a + b + c = 0

\(\Rightarrow\) (a + b + c)² = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a² + b² + c² + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2009 + 2(ab + bc + ac) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) ab + bc + ac = \(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (ab + bc + ac)² = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a²b² + b²c² + a²c² + 2abc(a + b + c) = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a²b² + b²c² + c²a² = \(\left(\dfrac{-2009}{2}\right)^2\)    (Vì a + b + c = 0)

Lại có: a² + b² + c² = 2009

\(\Rightarrow\) (a² + b² + c²)² = 2009²

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a⁴ + b⁴ + c⁴ + 2(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) = 2009²

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a⁴ + b⁴ + c⁴ + 2.\(\dfrac{2009^2}{4}\) = 2009²

\(\Leftrightarrow\) a⁴ + b⁴ + c⁴ = 2009² - \(\dfrac{2009^2}{2}\) = 2018040,5

Chúc bn học tốt!

a)Có \(a^2+1\ge2a\) với mọi a; \(b^2+1\ge2b\) với mọi b

Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+2\ge2\left(a+b\right)\)

Dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=1

b) Áp dụng BĐT bunhiacopxki có:

\(\left(x+y\right)^2\le\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\le2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le x+y\le\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)_{max}=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=\sqrt{2}\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(\left(x+y\right)_{min}=-\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-\sqrt{2}\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

c) \(S=\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\)

Với x,y>0, ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) (1)

Thật vậy (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+x}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (lđ)

Áp dụng (1) vào S ta được:

\(S\ge\dfrac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\)

Lại có: \(ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow2ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\Leftrightarrow2ab\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2ab}\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow S\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2=6\)

\(\Rightarrow S_{min}=6\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Ta có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2=4\)

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=8\)

Do đó: \(a^3 + b^3 + c^3 = 2(a^2 + b^2 + c^2)\)

=>\(a^3-2a^2+b^3-2b^2+c^3-2c^2=0\)

=>\(a^2(a-2)+b^2(b-2)+c^2(c-2)=0\) (2)

\(a^2+b^2+c^2=4\)

=>-2<=a,b,c<=2

=>a-2<=0; b-2<=0; c-2<=0

Do đó, ta có: \(a^2(a - 2) \le 0, \quad b^2(b - 2) \le 0, \quad c^2(c - 2) \le 0\) (1)

Từ (1),(2) suy ra \(\begin{cases} a^2(a - 2) = 0 \\ b^2(b - 2) = 0 \\ c^2(c - 2) = 0 \end{cases}\)

=>a=2; b=0; c=0

\(a^4+b^4+c^4=2^4+0^4+0^4=16\)

Chọn đáp án D

\(a,b,c>0;abc=1000\)

\(P=\sum\dfrac{a}{b^4+c^4+1000a}\le\sum\dfrac{a}{bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)+a^2bc}=\sum\dfrac{a^2}{abc\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{1000\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1000}\)

P đạt GTLN là 1/1000 khi \(a=b=c=10\)