Đặt \(P=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2+ab}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2+bc}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2+ca}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2+ab}=a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2+ab}\ge a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3}}=a-\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{2a-b}{3}\)

Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2+bc}\ge\dfrac{2b-c}{3}\) ; \(\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2+ca}\ge\dfrac{2c-a}{3}\)

Cộng vế:

\(P\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}=673\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=673\)

Trước hết, với \(a+b+c=1\) ta có:

\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(=\left(a^3+ab^2\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)

\(\ge2a^2b+2b^2c+2c^2a+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)

Hay \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

Từ đó:

\(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{a^2b}+\dfrac{b^4}{b^2c}+\dfrac{c^4}{c^2a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

em cảm ơn thầy nhiều ạ !

Đặt \(P=a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\)

\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{6}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Sửa đề: 1+a^2;1+b^2;1+c^2

\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+c+ac}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{a}{a+c}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)\)

=>\(A< =\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Lời giải:
$P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}$

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, dạng $(x+y+z)^2\geq 3(xy+yz+xz)$ ta có:

$(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)^2\geq 3(a^2b^4c^2+a^4b^2c^2+a^2b^2c^4)$

$=3a^2b^2c^2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3a^2b^2c^2$

$\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq \sqrt{3}abc$

$\Rightarrow P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}\geq \sqrt{3}$

Vậy $P_{\min}=\sqrt{3}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=3a^2b^2c^2\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{bc}{a^2}+\dfrac{ac}{b^2}+\dfrac{ab}{c^2}=\dfrac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3}{a^2b^2c^2}=\dfrac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)

Ta có $(a^2+2)(b^2+2)(c^2+2)$

$=a^2b^2c^2+2\sum a^2b^2+4(a^2+b^2+c^2)+8

Suy ra $(a^2+2)(b^2+2)(c^2+2)-18-3(a^2+b^2+c^2)$

$=a^2b^2c^2+2\sum a^2b^2+(a^2+b^2+c^2)-10$

Đặt $s=a^2+b^2+c^2$

Ta có $s\ge ab+bc+ca=3$ và $\sum a^2b^2\ge ab+bc+ca=3$

(vì $ab+bc+ca=3$ và $\sum a^2b^2\ge \dfrac{(ab+bc+ca)^2}{3}$).

Do đó $a^2b^2c^2+2\sum a^2b^2+s-10$$\ge 0+2\cdot3+3-10$$=-1$

Mặt khác $\sum a^2b^2\ge \dfrac{(ab+bc+ca)^2}{3}=3$ nên $a^2b^2c^2+2\sum a^2b^2+s-10$

$\ge a^2b^2c^2+s-4$

Lại có $(ab+bc+ca)^2\ge 3abc(a+b+c)$

$\Rightarrow a+b+c\le \dfrac3{abc}$ và $s=(a+b+c)^2-6\ge \dfrac9{a^2b^2c^2}-6$

Đặt $t=abc$.

Khi đó $a^2b^2c^2+s-4\ge t^2+\dfrac9{t^2}-10$

$=\left(t-\dfrac3t\right)^2-4\ge0$

(vì từ $ab+bc+ca=3$ suy ra $t\le1$).

Vậy $\boxed{(a^2+2)(b^2+2)(c^2+2)-18\ge 3(a^2+b^2+c^2)}.$

Dấu bằng khi $\boxed{a=b=c=1.}$

a)

$A=\dfrac{a}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{c^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+1}$

$\ge \dfrac{(a+b+c)^2}{a(b^2+1)+b(c^2+1)+c(a^2+1)}\qquad (\text{Cauchy Engel})$

$=\dfrac{1}{ab^2+bc^2+ca^2+1}$

$\ge \dfrac{1}{ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)+1}$

$=\dfrac{1}{(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ca)+1}

$\ge \dfrac{1}{\frac13+1}$ $=\dfrac34$

Dấu bằng khi $a=b=c=\dfrac13$.

$\boxed{A_{\min}=\dfrac34}$

b)

$B=\dfrac{a}{ab+2c}+\dfrac{b}{bc+2a}+\dfrac{c}{ca+2b}$

$\ge \dfrac{(a+b+c)^2}{a(ab+2c)+b(bc+2a)+c(ca+2b)}$

$=\dfrac4{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+2(ab+bc+ca)}$

Lại có $a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\le (a+b+c)(ab+bc+ca)$$=2(ab+bc+ca)$

Nên $B\ge \dfrac4{4(ab+bc+ca)}$$=\dfrac1{ab+bc+ca}$

$\ge \dfrac1{\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}}$ $=\dfrac34$

Dấu bằng khi $a=b=c=\dfrac23$.

$B_{\min}=\dfrac34$