1. 158² - 116.158 + 58²

= 158² - 2.58.158 + 58²

= (158 - 58)²

= 100² = 10000

2.a. 8x² + 6x = 2x(4x + 3)

b, x³ - 5x² - 4x + 20

= x³ - 4x - 5x² + 20

= x(x² - 4) - 5(x² - 4)

= (x - 5)(x - 2)(x + 2)

a: \(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)+5x\left(x+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+4x+1\right)\)

a) 15x²-5x³=5x²(3-x)

a: \(15x^2-5x^3=5x^2\left(3-x\right)\)

b: \(8x^3-y^3+4x^2y-2xy^2\)

\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(4x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+2xy\left(2x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)\)

\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)^2\)

c: Ta có: \(x^8+64y^4\)

\(=x^8+16x^4y^2+64y^4-16x^4y^2\)

\(=\left(x^4+8y^2\right)^2-\left(4x^2y\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-4x^2y+8y^2\right)\left(x^2+4x^2y+8y^2\right)\)

Câu 1: A

Câu 21: A

\(16,A\\ 17,C\\ 18,A\\ 19,C\\ 20,A\\ 21,A\)

a: \(27a^2b^2+18ab+3\)

\(=3\left(9a^2b^2+6ab+1\right)\)

\(=3\left\lbrack\left(3ab\right)^2+2\cdot3ab\cdot1+1^2\right\rbrack\)

\(=3\left(3ab+1\right)^2\)

b: \(5x^2-y+5xy-x\)

=5x(x+y)-(x+y)

=(x+y)(5x-1)

c: \(2x^3y^2-8x^3-12x^2y-6xy^2-y^3+x^2y^3\)

\(=x^2y^2\left(2x+y\right)-\left(2x+y\right)^3\)

\(=\left(2x+y\right)\left\lbrack x^2y^2-\left(2x+y\right)^2\right\rbrack\)

=(2x+y)(xy-2x-y)(xy+2x+y)

a: =2(x-2)+y(x-2)

=(x-2)(2+y)

b: \(=\left(x+y\right)^2-4=\left(x+y+2\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)

c: =(x-7)(x+2)

a.

2x - 4 + xy - 2y

= 2(x-2) +y(x-2)

= (x-2)(y+2)

c.

x^2 - 5x - 14

= x^2 + 2x - 7x - 14

= x(x+2) - 7(x+2)

= (x-7)(x+2)

a) \(8x^3+27=\left(2x+3\right)\left(4x^2-6x+9\right)\)

b) \(4x^2-4x+1-y^2=\left(2x-1\right)^2-y^2=\left(2x-1-y\right)\left(2x-1+y\right)\)

c) \(x^4-2x^3+x^2-2x=x^3\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)=x\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=x\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

d) \(x^2-4y^2+2x+4y=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y+2\right)\)

a: =3x(y-2)-5(y-2)

=(y-2)(3x-5)

b: =(2x-5y)(2x+5y)

c: =x(x^3-8)

=x(x-2)(x^2+2x+4)

a)

\(3x\left(y-2\right)+5\left(2-y\right)\\=3x\left(y-2\right)-5\left(y-2\right)\\ =\left(y-2\right)\left(3x-5\right) \)

b)

\(4x^2-25y^2\\ =\left(2x-5y\right)\left(2x+5y\right)\)

c)

\(x^4-8x\\ =x\left(x^3-8\right)\\ =x\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)

a) \(4\left(x+1\right)^3-x-1=4\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left[4\left(x+1\right)^2-1\right]=\left(x+1\right)\left[2\left(x+1\right)-1\right]\left[2\left(x+1\right)+1\right]=\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x+3\right)\)

b) \(5x\left(x-3\right)+\left(3-x\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)=5x\left(x-3\right)+\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(5x+x-3-1\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(6x-4\right)=2\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)

c) \(9x^2y^3-3x^4y^2-6x^3y^2+16xy^4=xy^2\left(9xy-3x^3-6x^2+16y^2\right)\)

a: \(P=-3x^3+5x\)

\(=x\cdot\left(-3x^2\right)+x\cdot5\)

\(=x\left(-3x^2+5\right)\)

b: \(Q=\left(2x-1\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)

\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(1+x-2\right)\)

\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

c: \(R=4-16x^2\)

\(=4\cdot1-4\cdot4x^2\)

\(=4\left(1-4x^2\right)\)

\(=4\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)

d: \(S=36-4x^2\)

\(=4\cdot9-4\cdot x^2\)

\(=4\left(9-x^2\right)\)

\(=4\left(3-x\right)\left(3+x\right)\)

e: \(T=8x^3-1\)

\(=\left(2x\right)^3-1^3\)

\(=\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)\)

f: \(Q=8-x^3\)

\(=2^3-x^3\)

\(=\left(2-x\right)\left(4+2x+x^2\right)\)

g: \(N=64-x^3\)

\(=4^3-x^3\)

\(=\left(4-x\right)\left(16+4x+x^2\right)\)