a: \(-2x^2+7x-10<0\)

=>\(x^2-\frac72x+5>0\)

=>\(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac74+\frac{49}{16}+\frac{31}{16}>0\)

=>\(\left(x-\frac74\right)^2+\frac{31}{16}>0\) (luôn đúng)

=>x∈R

b: \(\frac{x+1}{1-x}\le2\)

=>\(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\ge-2\)

=>\(\frac{x+1}{x-1}+2\ge0\)

=>\(\frac{x+1+2x-2}{x-1}\) >=0

=>\(\frac{3x-1}{x-1}\ge0\)

=>x>1 hoặc x<=1/3

d: \(\left(x^2+4x+10\right)^2-7\left(x^2+4x+11\right)+7<0\)

=>\(\left(x^2+4x+10\right)^2-7\left(x^2+4x+10\right)-7+7<0\)

=>\(\left(x^2+4x+10\right)^2-7\left(x^2+4x+10\right)<0\)

=>\(\left(x^2+4x+10\right)\left(x^2+4x+3\right)<0\)

mà \(x^2+4x+10=\left(x+2\right)^2+6\ge6>0\forall x\)

nên \(x^2+4x+3<0\)

=>(x+1)(x+3)<0

=>-3<x<-1

2:

a: =>x-4>=0

=>x>=4

b: =>x+1>0

=>x>-1

Bài 4 :

24 phút = \(\dfrac{24}{60} = \dfrac{2}{5}\) giờ

Gọi thời gian dự định đi từ A đến B là x(giờ) ; x > 0 

Suy ra quãng đường AB là 36x(km)

Khi vận tốc sau khi giảm là 36 -6 = 30(km/h)

Vì giảm vận tốc nên thời gian đi hết AB là x + \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)(giờ)

Ta có phương trình: 

\(36x = 30(x + \dfrac{2}{5})\\ \Leftrightarrow x = 2\)

Vậy quãng đường AB dài 36.2 = 72(km)

ĐKXĐ : \(x\notin\left\{0;-1;-2;-3;-4\right\}\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+4}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x+4}{x.\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{2x+4}{\left(x+1\right).\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x+4}{\left(x+2\right)^2-4}+\dfrac{2x+4}{\left(x+2\right)^2-1}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}=0\) (*)

Đặt x + 2 = a \(\left(a\ne0\right)\) 

(*) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a}{a^2-4}+\dfrac{2a}{a^2-1}+\dfrac{1}{a}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a-\dfrac{4}{a}}+\dfrac{2}{a-\dfrac{1}{a}}+\dfrac{1}{a}=0\) (**)

Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{a}=b\left(b\ne0\right)\) \(\Rightarrow ab=1\)

Ta được (**) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a-4b}+\dfrac{2}{a-b}+b=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2b}{1-4b^2}+\dfrac{2b}{1-b^2}+b=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{1-4b^2}+\dfrac{2}{1-b^2}=-1\)

\(\Rightarrow4-10b^2=-4b^4+5b^2-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4b^4-15b^2+5=0\) (***)

Đặt b² = t > 0

Ta có (***) <=> \(4t^2-15t+5=0\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{15\pm\sqrt{145}}{8}\) (tm)

\(\Leftrightarrow b=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{15\pm\sqrt{145}}{8}}\) 

mà x + 2 = a ; ab = 1 

nên \(x=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{8}{15\pm\sqrt{145}}}-2\)

Thử lại ta có phương trình có 4 nghiệm như trên

Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2} + \dfrac{x^2}{1-x^2} + \dfrac{5}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x} + \dfrac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\right) + 2 > 0\) (1)

ĐKXĐ: \(\begin{cases}1-x^2>0\\ x<>0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x^2<1\\ x<>0\end{cases}\)

=>-1<x<1 và x<>0

Đặt \(y=\dfrac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}+\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\)

\(y^2 = \left(\dfrac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}\right)^2 + 2 + \left(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\right)^2 = \dfrac{1-x^2}{x^2} + 2 + \dfrac{x^2}{1-x^2}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}-1\right)+2+\dfrac{x^2}{1-x^2}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{x^2}{1-x^2}+1\)

=>\(\dfrac{1}{x^2} + \dfrac{x^2}{1-x^2} = y^2 - 1\)

Thay vào BPT ban đầu, ta được: \((y^2 - 1) + \dfrac{5}{2}y + 2 > 0\)

=>\(y^2+\dfrac{5}{2}y+1>0\iff2y^2+5y+2>0\)

=>(2y+1)(y+2)>0

=>y>-1/2 hoặc y<-2

TH1: 0<x<1

Theo AM-GM, ta được: \(y \ge 2 \cdot \sqrt{\dfrac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x} \cdot \dfrac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}} = 2\)

Nếu y>-1/2 thì vì y>=2>-1/2

nên (1) luôn đúng

Nếu y<-2 thì vì y>=2>-2

nên (1) vô nghiệm

TH2: -1<x<0

=>\(\frac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}<0;\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}<0\)

Đặt \(t=-\dfrac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}\)

=>\(y=-t-\dfrac{1}{t}=-\left(t+\dfrac{1}{t}\right)\le-2\)

Nếu y>-1/2 thì vì y<=-2<-1/2

nên (1) luôn sai

=>(1) vô nghiệm

Nếu y<-2 thì vì y<=-2<-2

nên mọi giá trị của x sẽ thỏa mãn y, trừ giá trị thỏa mãn y=-2

Đặt y=-2

=>\(t+\dfrac{1}{t}=2\iff t=1\)

=>\(-\dfrac{\sqrt{1-x^2}}{x}=1\)

\(\iff\sqrt{1-x^2}=-x\)

=>\(1-x^2=x^2\)

=>\(2x^2=1\)

=>\(x=-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)

Do đó: x∈\(\left(-1;\frac{-1}{\sqrt2}\right)\) \(\cup\) \(\left(-\frac{1}{\sqrt2};0\right)\)

Vậy: \(S = \left(-1, -\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \cup \left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 0\right) \cup (0, 1)\)

\(\dfrac{1}{x^2+2x}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+6x+8}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+10x+24}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+14x+48}=\dfrac{4}{105}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{x\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+6\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+6\right)\left(x+8\right)}=\dfrac{8}{105}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{x+2}-\dfrac{1}{x+4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{x+4}-\dfrac{1}{x+6}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{x+6}-\dfrac{1}{x+8}\right)=\dfrac{8}{105}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+8}=\dfrac{8}{105}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{x\left(x+8\right)}=\dfrac{8}{105}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+8\right)=105\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x-105=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x+15x-105=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-7\right)+15\left(x-7\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\x=-15\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thử lại ta có nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(x=7\text{v}à\text{x}=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)+14=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+3-\left(x^2-x-2\right)+14=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+17-x^2+x+2=0\)

=>-3x+19=0

hay x=19/3(nhận)

ĐKXĐ:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\x\ne3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\dfrac{x-1}{x+1}-\dfrac{x-2}{x-3}+\dfrac{14}{x^2-2x-3}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\dfrac{14}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)+14}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2-4x+3\right)-\left(x^2-x-2\right)+14=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+3-x^2+x+2+14=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-3x+19=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{19}{3}\left(tm\right)\)

Vậy pt có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\dfrac{19}{3}\right\}\)

a: ĐKXĐ: \(\begin{cases}5x^2+14x+9\ge0\\ x^2-x-20\ge0\\ x+1\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)\left(5x+9\right)\ge0\\ \left(x-5\right)\left(x+4\right)\ge0\\ x\ge-1\end{cases}\)

=>x>=5

TA có: \(\sqrt{5x^2+14x+9} \le 5\sqrt{x+1} + \sqrt{x^2-x-20}\)

=>\(5x^2+14x+9 \le 25(x+1) + x^2-x-20 + 10\sqrt{(x+1)(x^2-x-20)}\)

=>\(5x^2+14x+9 \le x^2 + 24x + 5 + 10\sqrt{(x+1)^2(x-5)}\)

=>\(4x^2 - 10x + 4 \le 10(x+1)\sqrt{x-5}\)

=>\(2x^2 - 5x + 2 \le 5(x+1)\sqrt{x-5}\)

=>\((2x-1)(x-2) \le 5(x+1)\sqrt{x-5}\) (1)

Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x-5}\ge0\implies x=t^2+5\)

(1) sẽ trở thành: \(2(t^2+5)^2 - 5(t^2+5) + 2 \le 5(t^2+6)t\)

=>\(2(t^4 + 10t^2 + 25) - 5t^2 - 25 + 2 \le 5t^3 + 30t\)

=>\(2t^4 + 20t^2 + 50 - 5t^2 - 23 \le 5t^3 + 30t\)

=>\(2t^4 - 5t^3 + 15t^2 - 30t + 27 \le 0\)

=>\((t-1)(2t-3)(t^2 + 6) \le 0\)

=>(t-1)(2t-3)<=0

=>1<=t<=3/2

=>\(1\le\sqrt{x-5}\le\frac{3}{2}\)

=>\(1\le x-5\le\frac{9}{4}\)

\(\iff6\le x\le\frac{29}{4}\)

a:

ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{\dfrac{3}{2};1\right\}\)

 \(y=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-2x-3x+3}\)

=>\(y=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-5x+3}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(x^2-4x+4\right)'\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)'}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(2x-4\right)\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{4x^3-10x^2+6x-8x^2+20x-12-2x^3+8x^2-8x+5x^2-20x+20}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{2x^3-5x^2-2x+8}{\left(2x^2-5x+3\right)^2}\)

b:

ĐKXĐ: x<>-3

 \(y=\left(x+3\right)+\dfrac{4}{x+3}\)

=>\(y'=\left(x+3+\dfrac{4}{x+3}\right)'=1+\left(\dfrac{4}{x+3}\right)'\)

\(=1+\dfrac{4'\left(x+3\right)-4\left(x+3\right)'}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=1+\dfrac{-4}{\left(x+3\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2-4}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)

y'=0

=>\(\left(x+3\right)^2-4=0\)

=>\(\left(x+3+2\right)\left(x+3-2\right)=0\)

=>(x+5)(x+1)=0

=>x=-5 hoặc x=-1

c:

ĐKXĐ: x<>-2

 \(y=\dfrac{\left(5x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+2}\)

=>\(y=\dfrac{5x^2+5x-x-1}{x+2}=\dfrac{5x^2+4x-1}{x+2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)'\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)'}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(5x+4\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(5x^2+4x-1\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{5x^2+10x+4x+8-5x^2-4x+1}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=\dfrac{10x+9}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)

\(y'\left(-1\right)=\dfrac{10\cdot\left(-1\right)+9}{\left(-1+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{-1}{1}=-1\)

d: 

ĐKXĐ: x<>2

\(y=x-2+\dfrac{9}{x-2}\)

=>\(y'=\left(x-2+\dfrac{9}{x-2}\right)'=1+\left(\dfrac{9}{x-2}\right)'\)

\(=1+\dfrac{9'\left(x-2\right)-9\left(x-2\right)'}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

=>\(y'=1+\dfrac{-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

y'=0

=>\(\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2-9}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=0\)

=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2-9=0\)

=>(x-2-3)(x-2+3)=0

=>(x-5)(x+1)=0

=>x=5 hoặc x=-1

ĐKXĐ: x<>-1

\(\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{x}{x+1}-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}\right)-2=0\)

=>\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}\right)-\dfrac{x}{x+1}-2=0\)

=>\(\dfrac{x}{x+1}\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+2\right)-\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+2\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}+2\right)\left(\dfrac{x}{x+1}-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\dfrac{x+2x+2}{x+1}\cdot\dfrac{x-x-1}{x+1}=0\)

=>\(\dfrac{3x+2}{x+1}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{x+1}=0\)

=>3x+2=0

=>x=-2/3(nhận)