\(a,\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}\left(1\right)\)

Mà \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\Leftrightarrow ab=c^2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c^2}{b^2}\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\tođpcm\)

\(b,\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\Leftrightarrow ab=c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)}{a^2+ab}=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)}{a\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Ta có: a+b+c=0

nên a+b=-c

Ta có: \(a^2-b^2-c^2\)

\(=a^2-\left(b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(=a^2-\left[\left(b+c\right)^2-2bc\right]\)

\(=a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2+2bc\)

\(=\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)+2bc\)

\(=2bc\)

Ta có: \(b^2-c^2-a^2\)

\(=b^2-\left(c^2+a^2\right)\)

\(=b^2-\left[\left(c+a\right)^2-2ca\right]\)

\(=b^2-\left(c+a\right)^2+2ca\)

\(=\left(b-c-a\right)\left(b+c+a\right)+2ca\)

\(=2ac\)

Ta có: \(c^2-a^2-b^2\)

\(=c^2-\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)

\(=c^2-\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab\right]\)

\(=c^2-\left(a+b\right)^2+2ab\)

\(=\left(c-a-b\right)\left(c+a+b\right)+2ab\)

\(=2ab\)

Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-b^2-c^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-a^2-b^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\)

Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ca-cb+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

Thay \(a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\) vào biểu thức \(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\), ta được: 

\(M=\dfrac{-3ab\left(a+b\right)}{2abc}=\dfrac{-3\left(a+b\right)}{2c}\)

\(=\dfrac{-3\cdot\left(-c\right)}{2c}=\dfrac{3c}{2c}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Vậy: \(M=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Câu hỏi của Hattory Heiji - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath

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ké ý (b) ạ!!!

a: \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(b^2-c^2\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)\)

\(=a^3-ab^2+a^2b-b^3+b^3-bc^2-b^2c+c^3+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)\)

\(=a^3+c^3-ab^2-b^2c+a^2b-bc^2+\left(c+a\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(c-a\right)\)

\(=\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-ac+a^2\right)-b^2\left(c+a\right)-b\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)+\left(c+a\right)^2\cdot\left(c-a\right)\)

=(c+a)\(\left(c^2-ac+a^2-b^2-bc+ba+c^2-a^2\right)\)

=(c+a)\(\left(2c^2-2a^2-b^2-ac-bc+ba\right)\)

b: \(a^3\left(b-c\right)+b^3\left(c-a\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\)

\(=a^3\left(b-c\right)+b^3\left(c-b+b-a\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\)

\(=a^3\left(b-c\right)-b^3\left(b-c\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\)

\(=\left(b-c\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(b^3-c^3\right)\)

=(b-c)(a-b)\(\left(a^2+ab+b^2-b^2+bc-c^2\right)\)

=(b-c)(a-b)\(\left(a^2+ab+bc-c^2\right)\)

=(b-c)(a-b)\(\left\lbrack\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)+b\left(a+c\right)\right\rbrack\)

=(b-c)(a-b)(a+c)(a-c+b)

a: Sửa đề: A=ab(a-b)+bc(b-c)+ca(c-a)

\(=a^2b-ab^2+b^2c-bc^2+ca\left(c-a\right)\)

\(=b\left(a^2-c^2\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)\)

=b(a-c)(a+c)\(-b^2\left(a-c\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)\)

=(a-c)\(\left(ba+bc-b^2-ac\right)\)

=(a-c)[b(a-b)-c(a-b)]

=(a-c)(a-b)(b-c)

c: \(C=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)

\(=\left(a+b+c-a\right)\left\lbrack\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a\left(a+b+c\right)+a^2\right\rbrack-\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)\)

\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc+a^2+ab+ac+a^2\right)\) -(b+c)(\(b^2-bc+c^2\) )

=(b+c)\(\left(3a^2+b^2+c^2+3ab+3ac+2bc-b^2+bc-c^2\right)\)

=(b+c)(\(3a^2+3ab+3ac+3bc\) )

=3(b+c)[a(a+b)+c(a+b)]

=3(b+c)(a+b)(a+c)

\(\)Ta có: \(a+b+c=0 \Rightarrow b+c=-a \Rightarrow (b+c)^2=(-a)^2 \Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2+2bc=a^2 \Leftrightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)

Tương tự: \(b^2-c^2-a^2=2ca;c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)

\(P=...=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

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Bổ đề \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\)

Ở đây ta c/m chiều thuận:
Với \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a+b=-c \Rightarrow (a+b)^3=(-c)^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab(a+b)=-c^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc(QED)\)