Chứng minh:
a,\(x^{10}-10x+9⋮\left(x-1\right)^2\)
b,\(x^{50}+x^{10}+1⋮x^{20}+x^{10}+1\)
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Đặt \(A=x^{20}+x^{10}+1\)
\(x^{50}+x^{10}+1\)
\(=x^{50}-x^{20}+A\)
\(=x^{20}\left(x^{30}-1\right)+A\)
\(=x^{20}\left(x^{10}-1\right)A+A\)
\(=\left(x^{30}-x^{20}+1\right)A\)
mà \(\left(x^{30}-x^{20}+1\right)A⋮A\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^{50}+x^{10}+1\right)⋮\left(x^{20}+x^{10}+1\right)\)
Vê trái:
\(=\frac{2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{20}{\left(x-10\right)\left(x+10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{\left(x+10\right)-\left(x-10\right)}{\left(x+10\right)\left(x-10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-2}-\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}-\frac{1}{x+10}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{1}{x-2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x+10}\right)\)
Vế phải:
\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-10\right)}{\left(x-10\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-9\right)}{\left(x-9\right)\left(x+2\right)}+...+\frac{\left(x+10\right)-\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+10\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x-10}-\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-9}-\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x+10}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{1}{x-2}+...+\frac{1}{x-10}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x+2}+...+\frac{1}{x+10}\right)\) = vế phải
=> đpcm
b) Tìm $x$
$10(8x+9x)+8(2x-1)-2(5-6x)=20$
$\Leftrightarrow 170x+16x-8-10+12x=20$
$\Leftrightarrow 198x-18=20$
$\Leftrightarrow 198x=38$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{19}{99}$.
Vậy: $x=\dfrac{19}{99}$.
c) Tìm $x$
$(5x^2)(194+20x)=50$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2(194+20x)=10$
$\Leftrightarrow 10x^3+97x^2-5=0$
Thử $x=\dfrac15$:
$10\left(\dfrac15\right)^3+97\left(\dfrac15\right)^2-5=0$.
Suy ra: $(5x-1)(2x^2+39x+5)=0$.
Do đó: $x=\dfrac15$ hoặc $x=\dfrac{-39\pm\sqrt{39^2-4\cdot2\cdot5}}{4}$
$=\dfrac{-39\pm\sqrt{1481}}{4}$.
Vậy: $x=\dfrac15\ \text{hoặc}\ x=\dfrac{-39+\sqrt{1481}}4\ \text{hoặc}\ x=\dfrac{-39-\sqrt{1481}}4.$