b: ĐKXĐ: -1/8<=x<=46/10

\(\sqrt{8x+1}+\sqrt{46-10x}=-x^3+5x^2+4x+1\)

=>\(\sqrt{8x+1}-3+\sqrt{46-10x}-6=-x^3+5x^2+4x-8\)

=>\(\frac{8x+1-9}{\sqrt{8x+1}+3}+\frac{46-10x-36}{\sqrt{46-10x}+6}=-x^3+x^2+4x^2-4x+8x-8\)

=>\(\frac{8x-8}{\sqrt{8x+1}+3}+\frac{10-10x}{\sqrt{46-10x}+6}=\left(x-1\right)\left(-x^2+4x+8\right)\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(\frac{8}{\sqrt{8x+1}+3}-\frac{10}{\sqrt{46-10x}+6}+x^2+4x-8\right)=0\)

=>x-1=0

=>x=1(nhận)

b, \(đk:x\ge2\)

Xét x=2 thay vào pt thấy không thỏa mãn => x>2 hay 27x-54>0

 \(x^3-11x+36x-18=4\sqrt[4]{27x-54}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow27x^3-297x^2+972x-486=4\sqrt[4]{\left(27x-54\right).81.81.81}\le189+27x\) (cosi với 4 số dương, dấu = xảy ra khi x=5)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-11x^2+35x-25\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-5\right)^2\le0\)  (*)

Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>2\\\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1>0\\\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\) (2*)

Từ (*) và (2*) ,dấu = xra khi x=5 (thỏa mãn)
Vây pt có nghiệm duy nhất x=5

c,Có \(6\sqrt[3]{4x^3+x}=16x^4+5>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^3+x>0\)

Có: \(16x^4+5=6\sqrt[3]{4x^3+x}\le2\left(4x^3+x+2\right)\) (theo cosi với 3 số dương,dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\))

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^4-8x^3-2x+1\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)\le0\) (*)
(tương tự câu b) Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)(thỏa mãn)
Vậy....

d) Đk: \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Áp dụng bđt cosi:

 \(\sqrt{2x-1}\le\dfrac{2x-1+1}{2}=x\)

 \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\ge\dfrac{1}{x}\) (*)

\(\sqrt[4]{4x-3}\le\dfrac{4x-3+1+1+1}{4}=x\)

\(\dfrac{\Rightarrow1}{\sqrt[4]{4x-3}}\ge\dfrac{1}{x}\) (2*)

Từ (*) và (2*) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[4]{4x-3}}\ge\dfrac{2}{x}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1 (tm)

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x+6\right)\left(\sqrt{x+5}+4\right)=\left(3x+5\right)\left(x^2-5x+6\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x+6=0\\\sqrt{x+5}+4=3x+5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=3\\\sqrt{x+5}=3x+1\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x+5=9x^2+6x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\\9x^2+5x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\left(loại\right)\\x=\dfrac{4}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b. Bạn coi lại đề, pt này nghiệm rất xấu

c.

ĐKXĐ: \(1\le x\le7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{7-x}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(7-x\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)-\sqrt{7-x}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{7-x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{7-x}\\\sqrt{x-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,ĐK:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge5\\x\le3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

Vậy pt vô nghiệm

\(b,ĐK:x\le\dfrac{2}{5}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow4-5x=2-5x\\ \Leftrightarrow0x=2\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

\(c,ĐK:x\ge-\dfrac{3}{2}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+5-2\sqrt{2x+3}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3-2\sqrt{2x+3}+1\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=1\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=-1\left(tm\right)\\ d,PT\Leftrightarrow\left|x-1\right|=\left|2x-1\right|\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=2x-1\\x-1=1-2x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\sqrt{x-5}=\sqrt{3-x}\)

⇔\(\left(\sqrt{x-5}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{3-x}\right)^2\)

⇔\(x-5=3-x\)

⇔\(x=4\)

b) \(\sqrt{4-5x}=\sqrt{2-5x}\)

⇔\(\left(\sqrt{4-5x}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2-5x}\right)^2\)

⇔\(4-5x=2-5x\)

⇔\(2=0\) (Vô lí)

a: Ta có: \(\sqrt[3]{x+1}=-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=-125\)

hay x=-126

b: Ta có: \(\sqrt[3]{x+1}-1=x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=\left(x+1\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-1\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge5\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x-5}=t\ge0\Rightarrow x-5=t^2\Rightarrow x=t^2+5\)

Phương trình trở thành:

\(t=1-\left(t^2+5\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow t^2+t+4=0\) (vô nghiệm)

Vậy pt đã cho vô nghiệm

Cách khác: ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge5\)

Do \(x\ge5\Rightarrow1-x< 0\), mà \(\sqrt{x-5}\ge0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-5}>1-x\) hay pt vô nghiệm

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+4\sqrt{2x-1}+10=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1+4\sqrt{2x-1}+4+7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x-1}+2\right)^2+7=0\)

Phương trình vô nghiệm

c.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=t\ge0\Rightarrow x=t^2-1\)

Phương trình trở thành:

\(t+t^2-1=13\)

\(\Rightarrow t^2+t-14=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{57}}{2}< 0\left(loại\right)\\t=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{57}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{57}}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{27-\sqrt{57}}{2}\)

`a)sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=2`

`<=>sqrt{(x-3)^2}=2`

`<=>|x-3|=2`

`**x-3=2`

`<=>x=5`

`**x-3=-2`

`<=>x=1`

Vậy `S={1,5}`

`b)sqrt{4x-20}+sqrt{x-5}-1/3sqrt{9x-45}=4`

đk:`x>=5`

`pt<=>2sqrt{x-5}+sqrt{x-5}-1/3*3*sqrt{x-5}=4`

`<=>2sqrt{x-5}=4`

`<=>sqrt{x-5}=2`

`<=>x-5=4<=>x=9`

Vậy `S={9}`

Lời giải:

a.

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(x-3)^2}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow |x-3|=2$

$\Leftrightarrow x-3=\pm 2$

$\Leftrightarrow x=1$ hoặc $x=5$

b. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 5$

PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4(x-5)}+\sqrt{x-5}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{9(x-5)}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\sqrt{x-5}=4$

$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x-5}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-5}=2$

$\Leftrightarrow x=2^2+5=9$ (thỏa mãn)

a: Sửa đề: \(2\sqrt{x}+1=\sqrt2+5\)

ĐKXĐ: x>=0

\(2\sqrt{x}+1=\sqrt2+5\)

=>\(2\sqrt{x}=\sqrt2+5-1=\sqrt2+4\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}=\frac{4+\sqrt2}{2}\)

=>\(x=\frac{16+2\cdot4\cdot\sqrt2+2}{4}=\frac{18+8\sqrt2}{4}=\frac{9+4\sqrt2}{2}\)

b: ĐKXĐ: x>2

\(\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{\sqrt{x-2}}=\frac12\)

=>\(\sqrt{\frac{x-1}{x-2}}=\frac12\)

=>\(\frac{x-1}{x-2}=\frac12\)

=>2(x-1)=x-2

=>2x-2=x-2

=>2x-x=0

=>x=0(loại)

c: ĐKXĐ: x>5

\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-3}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{x-5}}\)

=>\(2\sqrt{x-3}=\sqrt{x-5}\)

=>\(\sqrt{4x-12}=\sqrt{x-5}\)

=>4x-12=x-5

=>4x-x=-5+12

=>3x=7

=>x=7/3(loại)