Tìm giá trị lớn nhất và nhỏ nhất của hàm số :
\(f\left(x\right)=5^{\sin^2x}+5^{\cos^2x}\)
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a: \(5-2\cdot cos^2x\cdot\sin^2x\)
\(=5-2\cdot\left(\sin x\cdot cosx\right)^2\)
\(=5-2\cdot\left(\frac12\cdot\sin2x\right)^2=5-2\cdot\frac14\cdot\sin^22x=-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5\)
Ta có: \(0\le\sin^22x\le1\)
=>\(-\frac12\le-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x\le0\)
=>\(-\frac12+5\le-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5\le0+5\)
=>\(\frac92\le-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5\le5\)
=>\(\frac{3\sqrt2}{2}\le\sqrt{-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5}\le\sqrt5\)
=>\(4:\frac{3\sqrt2}{2}\ge\frac{4}{\sqrt{-\frac12\cdot sin^22x+5}}\ge\frac{4}{\sqrt5}\)
=>\(\frac{2\sqrt2}{3}\ge y\ge\frac{4\sqrt5}{5}\)
Do đó: \(y_{\max}=\frac{2\sqrt2}{3}\) khi \(\sin^22x=1\)
=>\(cos^22x=0\)
=>cos2x=0
=>\(2x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
=>\(x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\)
\(y_{\min}=\frac{4\sqrt5}{5}\) khi \(\sin^22x=0\)
=>sin 2x=0
=>\(2x=k\pi\)
=>\(x=\frac{k\pi}{2}\)
b: \(f\left(x\right)=3\cdot\sin^2x+5\cdot cos^2x-4\cdot cos2x-2\)
\(=3\cdot\sin^2x+5\cdot cos^2x-4\left(cos^2x-\sin^2x\right)-2\)
\(=3\cdot\sin^2x+5\cdot cos^2x-4\cdot cos^2x+4\cdot\sin^2x-2\)
\(=7\cdot\sin^2x+cos^2x-2=7\cdot\sin^2x+1-\sin^2x-2=6\cdot\sin^2x-1\)
Ta có: \(0\le\sin^2x\le1\)
=>\(0\le6\sin^2x\le6\)
=>\(0-1\le6\sin^2x-1\le6-1\)
=>-1<=f(x)<=5
f(x) min=-1 khi \(\sin^2x=0\)
=>sin x=0
=>\(x=k\pi\)
f(x) max=5 khi \(\sin^2x=1\)
=>\(cos^2x=0\)
=>cosx=0
=>\(x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
a: \(5-2\cdot cos^2x\cdot\sin^2x\)
\(=5-2\cdot\left(\sin x\cdot cosx\right)^2\)
\(=5-2\cdot\left\lbrack\frac12\cdot2\cdot\sin x\cdot cosx\right\rbrack^2=5-2\cdot\left\lbrack\frac12\cdot\sin2x\right\rbrack^2\)
\(=5-2\cdot\frac14\cdot\sin^22x=-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5\)
\(0\le\sin^22x\le1\)
=>\(0\ge-\frac12\sin^22x\ge-\frac12\)
=>\(0+5\ge-\frac12\sin^22x+5\ge-\frac12+5\)
=>\(5\ge-\frac12\sin^22x+5\ge\frac92\)
=>\(\frac92\le-\frac12\sin^22x+5\le5\)
=>\(\sqrt{\frac92}\le\sqrt{-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5}\le\sqrt5\)
=>\(\frac{3\sqrt2}{2}\le\sqrt{-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5}\le\sqrt5\)
=>\(\frac{2}{3\sqrt2}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt5}\)
=>\(\frac{2\cdot4}{3\sqrt2}\ge\frac{1\cdot4}{\sqrt{-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5}}\ge\frac{1\cdot4}{\sqrt5}\)
=>\(\frac{4\sqrt2}{3}\ge y\ge\frac{4}{\sqrt5}\)
=>\(y_{\max}=\frac{4\sqrt2}{3}\) khi \(-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5=\frac92\)
=>\(-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x=-\frac12\)
=>\(\sin^22x=1\)
=>\(cos^22x=0\)
=>cos2x=0
=>\(2x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
=>\(x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\)
\(y_{\min}=\frac{4}{\sqrt5}\) khi \(-\frac12\cdot\sin^22x+5=5\)
=>\(\sin^22x=0\)
=>sin 2x=0
=>\(2x=k\pi\)
=>\(x=\frac{k\pi}{2}\)
b: \(f\left(x\right)=3\cdot\sin^2x+5\cdot cos^2x-4\cdot cos2x-2\)
\(=3\left(1-cos^2x\right)+5\cdot cos^2x-4\left(2\cdot cos^2x-1\right)-2\)
\(=3-3\cdot cos^2x+5\cdot cos^2x-8\cdot cos^2x+4-2=-6\cdot cos^2x+5\)
Ta có: \(0<=cos^2x\le1\)
=>\(0\ge-6\cdot cos^2x\ge-6\)
=>\(0+5\ge-6\cdot cos^2x+5\ge-6+5\)
=>5>=y>=-1
Do đó: \(y_{\min}=-1\) khi \(-6\cdot cos^2x+5=-1\)
=>\(-6\cdot cos^2x=-6\)
=>\(cos^2x=1\)
=>\(\sin^2x=0\)
=>sin x=0
=>\(x=k\pi\)
y max=5 khi \(-6\cdot cos^2x+5=5\)
=>\(-6\cdot cos^2x=0\)
=>cosx=0
=>\(x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(0\le\sin^2x\le1\Rightarrow0,5^0\ge0,5^{\sin^2x}\ge0,5^1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge f\left(x\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) Max f(x) = 1 khi \(x=k\pi\)
Min f(x) =\(\frac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\) \(k\in Z\)
Đặt \(t=\sin^2x\) với \(t\in\left[0;1\right]\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=0,5^t=g\left(t\right)\) với \(t\in\left[0;1\right]\)
Ta có : \(g'\left(t\right)=0,5^1\ln0,5=-0,5^t\ln2< 0\) với mọi \(t\in\left[0;1\right]\) hàm số nghịch biến với mọi \(t\in\left[0;1\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le t\le1\Rightarrow g\left(0\right)\ge g\left(t\right)\ge g\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow1\ge g\left(t\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy Max f(x) = 1 khi \(x=k\pi\)
Min \(f\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\) (k thuộc Z)
\(f'\left(x\right)=\left(sin^2x\right)'+4\cdot\left(sinx'\right)-5'\)
\(=2\cdot sinx\cdot cosx+4\cdot cosx=2cosx\left(sinx+2\right)\)
\(f'\left(x\right)=0\)
=>\(cosx\left(sinx+2\right)=0\)
=>\(cosx=0\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{\Omega}{2}+k\Omega\)
mà \(x\in\left[0;\dfrac{\Omega}{2}\right]\)
nên \(x=\dfrac{\Omega}{2}\)
\(f\left(\dfrac{\Omega}{2}\right)=sin^2\left(\dfrac{\Omega}{2}\right)+4\cdot sin\left(\dfrac{\Omega}{2}\right)-5\)
=1+4-5=0
\(f\left(0\right)=sin^20+4\cdot sin0-5=-5\)
=>Chọn D
Đặt \(t=\sin^2x\Rightarrow\begin{cases}\cos^2x=1-t\\t\in\left[0;1\right]\end{cases}\) \(\Leftrightarrow f\left(x\right)=5^t+5^{1-t}=g\left(t\right);t\in\left[0;1\right]\)
Ta có : \(g'\left(t\right)=5^t\ln5-5^{1-t}\ln5=\left(5^t-5^{1-t}\right)\ln5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5^t=5^{1-t}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t=1-t\)
\(t=\frac{1}{2}\)
Mà \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-\infty}g\left(t\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-\infty}\left(5^t-5^{1-t}\right)=+\infty\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}g\left(t\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow+\infty}\left(5^t-5^{1-t}\right)=+\infty\)
Ta có bảng biến thiên
t g'(t) g(t) - 8 1 2 + 8 0 - + + 8 + 8 2 căn 5
\(\Rightarrow\) Min \(f\left(x\right)=2\sqrt{5}\) khi \(t=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\sin^2x=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-\cos2x}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\) \(\left(k\in Z\right)\)