Ta có : \(\frac{a^4-3a^2+1}{a^4-a^2-2a-1}\) \(=\frac{\left(a^4-2a^2+1\right)-a^2}{\left(a^4-a^3-a^2\right)+\left(a^3-a^2-a\right)+\left(a^2-a-1\right)}\)

                                            \(=\frac{\left(a^2-1\right)^2-a^2}{a^2\left(a^2-a-1\right)+a\left(a^2-a-1\right)+\left(a^2-a-1\right)}\)

                                            \(=\frac{\left(a^2-a-1\right)\left(a^2+a-1\right)}{\left(a^2-a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)}\)

                                            \(=\frac{a^2+a-1}{a^2+a+1}\)

1, b) \(\frac{x^2+y^2-4+2xy}{x^2-y^2+4+4x}\) = \(\frac{\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-4}{\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-y^2}\) =\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-2^2}{\left(x+2\right)^2-y^2}\)= \(\frac{\left(x+y+2\right)\left(x+y-2\right)}{\left(x+2+y\right)\left(x+2-y\right)}\) = \(\frac{x+y-2}{x+2-y}\)

2, A= \(\frac{a^2+ax+ab+bx}{a^2+ax-ab-bx}\) = \(\frac{\left(a^2+ax\right)+\left(ab+bx\right)}{\left(a^2+ax\right)-\left(ab+bx\right)}\) = \(\frac{a\left(a+x\right)+b\left(a+x\right)}{a\left(a+x\right)-b\left(a+x\right)}\)= \(\frac{\left(a+x\right)\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+x\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)= \(\frac{a+b}{a-b}\)

a) \(a^4-5a^2+4=\)\(\left(a^4-4a^2\right)-\left(a^2-4\right)=a^2\left(a^2-4\right)-\left(a^2-4\right)=\left(a^2-1\right)\left(a^2-4\right)\)

\(=\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)\)

\(a^4-a^2+4a-4=a^2\left(a^2-1\right)+4\left(a-1\right)=a^2\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)+4\left(a-1\right)\)

\(=\left(a-1\right)\left[a^2\left(a+1\right)+4\right]=\left(a-1\right)\left(a^3+a^2+4\right)\)

\(a^3+a^2+4=\left(a^3+2a^2\right)-\left(a^2+2a\right)+\left(2a+4\right)=a^2\left(a+2\right)-a\left(a+2\right)+2\left(a+2\right)\)

\(=\left(a^2-a+2\right)\left(a+2\right)\)

\(N=\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a^2-a+2\right)}=\frac{\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)}{a^2-a+2}\)

em chịu

\(A=\frac{x+3a}{2-x}+\frac{x-3a}{2+x}-\frac{2a}{4-x^2}+a\)

\(=\frac{\left(x+3a\right)\left(2+x\right)+\left(x-3a\right)\left(2-x\right)-2a}{\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}+a\)

\(=\frac{2x+x^2+6a+3ax+2x-x^2-6a+3ax-2a}{\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}+a\)

\(=\frac{6ax+4x-2a+a\left(4-x^2\right)}{\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}=\frac{6ax+4x-2a+4a-a\cdot x^2}{\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}=\frac{-a\cdot x^2+6\cdot ax+2a}{\left(2-x\right)\cdot\left(2+x\right)}\)

\(-a\cdot x^2+6a\cdot x+2a\)

\(=-a\cdot\frac{a^2}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}+6a\cdot\frac{a}{3a+2}+2a=\frac{-a^3}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}+\frac{6a^2\left(3a+2\right)+2a\left(3a+2\right)^2}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{-a^3+18a^3+12a^2+2a\left(9a^2+12a+4\right)}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{17a^3+12a^2+18a^3+24a^2+8a}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}=\frac{35a^3+36a^2+8a}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}\)

\(\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)\)

\(=\left(2-\frac{a}{3a+2}\right)\left(2+\frac{a}{3a+2}\right)=\frac{6a+4-a}{\left(3a+2\right)}\cdot\frac{6a+4+a}{3a+2}\)

\(=\frac{\left(5a+4\right)\left(7a+4\right)}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}\)

\(A=\frac{-a\cdot x^2+6\cdot ax+2a}{\left(2-x\right)\cdot\left(2+x\right)}\)

\(=\frac{35a^3+36a^2+8a}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}:\frac{\left(5a+4\right)\left(7a+4\right)}{\left(3a+2\right)^2}=\frac{35a^3+36a^2+8a}{\left(5a+4\right)\left(7a+4\right)}\)

a) Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{a^2-1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{\left(1-a\right)^2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)\cdot\left(a-1\right)}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{\left|1-a\right|}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}{1-a}\)

=-a-1

b) Ta có: \(B=\sqrt{\left(3a-5\right)^2}-2a+4\)

\(=\left|3a-5\right|-2a+4\)

\(=5-3a-2a+4\)

=9-5a

c) Ta có: \(C=4a-3-\sqrt{\left(2a-1\right)^2}\)

\(=4a-3-\left|2a-1\right|\)

\(=4a-3-2a+1\)

\(=2a-2\)

d) Ta có: \(D=\dfrac{a-2}{4}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{16a^4}{\left(a-2\right)^2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{a-2}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4a^2}{\left|a-2\right|}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2\left(a-2\right)}{-\left(a-2\right)}\)

\(=-a^2\)