Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)

1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)

\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)

2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)

3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)

4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)

\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

=>a=bk; c=dk

a: \(\frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2\cdot bk+5b}{3\cdot bk-4b}=\frac{b\left(2k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-4\right)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\)

\(\frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\frac{2\cdot dk+5d}{3\cdot dk-4d}=\frac{d\left(2k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-4\right)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\)

Do đó: \(\frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)

b: \(\frac{3a+7b}{5a-7b}=\frac{3\cdot bk+7b}{5\cdot bk-7b}=\frac{b\left(3k+7\right)}{b\left(5k-7\right)}=\frac{3k+7}{5k-7}\)

\(\frac{3c+7d}{5c-7d}=\frac{3\cdot dk+7d}{5\cdot dk-7d}=\frac{d\left(3k+7\right)}{d\left(5k-7\right)}=\frac{3k+7}{5k-7}\)

Do đó: \(\frac{3a+7b}{5a-7b}=\frac{3c+7d}{5c-7d}\)

d: \(\frac{4a+9b}{4a-7b}=\frac{4\cdot bk+9b}{4\cdot bk-7b}=\frac{b\left(4k+9\right)}{b\left(4k-7\right)}=\frac{4k+9}{4k-7}\)

\(\frac{4c+9d}{4c-7d}=\frac{4\cdot dk+9d}{4\cdot dk-7d}=\frac{d\left(4k+9\right)}{d\left(4k-7\right)}=\frac{4k+9}{4k-7}\)

Do đó: \(\frac{4a+9b}{4a-7b}=\frac{4c+9d}{4c-7d}\)

a < b => 2a < a + b (1)

c < d => 2c < c + d (2)

Lấy (1) cộng (2) được:

2a + 2c < a + b + c + d

2(a + c) < a + b + c + d

=> \(\frac{a+c}{a+b+c+d}< \frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)

a) \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{7a}{7b}=\frac{5c}{5d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{7a+5c}{7b+5d}\)