Bài 6:

a) Ta có: \(A=-x^2+6x-11\)

\(=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2\le-2\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3

b) Ta có: \(B=-x^2-8x+5\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x-5\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-21\right)\)

\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21\le21\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-4

c) Ta có: \(C=-x^2+4x+1\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x-1\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4-5\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\le5\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2

`A=x^2-4x+y^2-8y+6`

`A=x^2-4x+4+y^2-8y+16-14`

`A=(x-2)^2+(y-4)^2-14`

VÌ `(x-2)^2+(y-4)^2>=0`

`=>(x-2)^2+(y-4)^2-14>=-14`

`=>A>=-14`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x-2=0,y-4=0<=>{(x=2),(y=4):}`

Lời giải:

a) 

$A=4x^2+4x+11=(4x^2+4x+1)+10=(2x+1)^2+10\geq 10$

Vậy $A_{\min}=10$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(2x+1)^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}$

b) 

$C=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7=(x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-4y+4)+2$

$=(x-1)^2+(y-2)^2+2\geq 2$

Vậy $C_{\min}=2$. Giá trị này đạt tại $(x-1)^2=(y-2)^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=2$

\(a,P=x^2-2x+5=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(b,Q=2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(c,M=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: Ta có: \(P=x^2-2x+5\)

\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1

\(a,=3\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(b,=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+x^2+1=\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)

3. Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của các biểu thứca. A = 4x2  4x 11b. B = (x - 1) (x 2) (x 3) (x 6)c. C = x2 - 2x y2 - 4y 7Ai nha... - Hoc24

a) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi ta có :

\(x^2+1\geq 2x\\ 4y^2+1\geq 4y\\ 9z^2+1\geq 6z\)

Suy ra \(S\leq 6\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=1;y=\frac{1}{2}; z=\frac{1}{3}\)

a: \(A=x^2-2x+1+y^2-4y+4+2=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1 và y=2

b: \(B=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=0 hoặc x=-5

a) \(A=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7\)

\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+2\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)

\(A_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=2\).

b) \(B=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)

-Đặt \(t=x^2+5x-6\)

\(B=t\left(t+12\right)=t^2+12t=t^2+12t+36-36=\left(t+6\right)^2-36\ge-36\)

\(B_{min}=-36\Leftrightarrow t=-6\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-6=-6\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=0hayx=-5\)

B

b

\(A=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)+10=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)

\(A_{min}=10\) khi \(2x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(B=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)

\(B_{min}=-36\) khi \(x^2+5x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(C=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4x+4\right)+2=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)

\(C_{min}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)

a. \(A=4x^2+4x+11\)

   \(A=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)+10\)

  \(A=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\)

Ta có: \(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0;\forall x\) 

\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=10\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(2x+1\right)^2=0\)

                            \(\Leftrightarrow2x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

c.\(C=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+7\)

  \(C=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+2\)

  \(C=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\)

Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0;\forall x,y\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{min}=2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)