Xét vế phải : \(\frac{a}{x+1}+\frac{b}{x-2}+\frac{c}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\frac{a\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}+\frac{b\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}+\frac{c\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{a\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+b\left(x^2-x-2\right)+c\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{x^2\left(a+b\right)+x\left(-4a-b+c\right)+\left(4a-2b+c\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}\)

So sánh với vế trái, suy ra : 

\(\begin{cases}a+b=2\\-4a-b+c=-1\\4a-2b+c=1\end{cases}\). Giải ra được \(\left(a,b,c\right)=\left(\frac{4}{9};\frac{14}{9};\frac{7}{3}\right)\)

(14,78-a)/(2,87+a)=4/1

14,78+2,87=17,65

Tổng số phần bằng nhau là 4+1=5

Mỗi phần có giá trị bằng 17,65/5=3,53

=>2,87+a=3,53

=>a=0,66.

\(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{x+1}+\frac{c}{x+2}=\frac{a\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)+bx\left(x+2\right)+c\left(x+1\right)x}{x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{a\left(x^2+3x+2\right)+b\left(x^2+2x\right)+c\left(x^2+x\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{ax^2+3ax+2a+bx^2+2bx+cx^2+cx}{x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x^2\left(a+b+c\right)+x\left(3a+2b+c\right)+2a}{x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

Đồng nhất phân thức ta được : \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\3a+2b+c=0\\2a=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{1}{2}\\b=-1\\c=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}}\)

Vậy \(a=\frac{1}{2};b=-1;c=\frac{1}{2}\)

a) sửa đề: \(\frac{x^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{y^2}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{z^2}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)

=\(\frac{-x^2\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}+\frac{-y^2\left(z-x\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}+\frac{-z^2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)

=\(-\frac{\left\lbrace x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-x\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\right\rbrace}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)

xét tử số:

Tử=\(x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-y^2x+z^2x-z^2y\)

=\(x^2\left(y-z\right)-x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\)

=\(x^2\left(y-z\right)-x\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\)

=\(\left(y-z\right)\left\lbrace x^2-x\left(y+z\right)+yz\right\rbrace\)

=\(\left(y-z\right)\left\lbrace x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\right\rbrace\)

=\(\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)

=\(-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\)

thay lại vào biểu thức cũ:

\(\Rightarrow-\frac{\left\lbrace-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\right\rbrace}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)

=\(1\)

b) \(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)

=\(\frac{\left(c-a\right)+\left(a-b\right)+\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(=\frac{0}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ax+b\right)\left(x-1\right)+c\left(x^2+1\right)=1\)

(a+c)x^2-(a-b)x+(c-b)=1

\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+c=0\\a-b=0\\c-b=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c+b=0\\c-b=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}c=\frac{1}{2}\\b=-\frac{1}{2}\\a=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}}\)