Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Light pollution is not (1)…….. serious as water or air pollution. (2)………, it is the type of pollution that (3)……….. more in cities than in rural areas. In the past, we could sit out at night and (4)………..at glittering stars in the sky and light from objects in the outer space. Nowadays, cities are covered with lights from buildings , streets , advertising displays, many of which direct the lights up into the sky and into many unwanted places. The real problem is that it is very (5)…….to apply light to almost everything at night . Millions of tons of oil and coal (6)……...to produce the power to light the sky. Eye strain, (7)…………..of vision and stress are what people may get from light pollution. (8)………..light at night can harm our eyes and also harm the hormones that help us to see things properly.
1.A. more B.as C. much D. only
2.A. Moreover B. However C.Therefore D. Nevertheless
3.A. happen B. occur C. occurs D. is occurred
4.A.watch B. see C. spend D. gaze
5.A. waste B. wastes C. wasting D. wasteful
6.A. used B. using C. is used D. are used
7.A. lose B. lost C. loss D. losing
8.A. Very much B. Too much C. Too many D. So many

III. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.

Light pollution is not (1) serious as water or air pollution. (2) , it is the type of pollution that (3) more in cities than in rural areas. In the past, we could sit out at night and (4) at glittering stars in the sky and light from objects in the outer space. Nowadays, cities are covered with lights from buildings, streets, advertising displays, many of which direct the lights up into the sky and into many unwanted places. The real problem is that it is very (5) to apply light to almost everything at night. Millions of tons of oil and coal (6) to produce the power to light the sky. Eye strain, (7) of vision and stress are what people may get from light pollution. (8) light at night can harm our eyes and also harm the hormones that help us to see things properly.

1. A. as B. more C. much D. only

2. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Nevertheless

3. A. happen B. occur C. occurs D. is occurred

4. A. watch B. see C. spend D. gaze

5. A. waste B. wasteful C. wasting D. wastes

6. A. used B. using C. is used D. are used

7. A. lose B. lost C. loss D. losing

8. A. Very much B. Too much C. Too many D. So many

42

I. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passages.

(A) Have a walk (1) a beach, listen to the sound of the sea waves, and suddenly you see a lot of rubbish on the beach. Pollution takes away all the (2) of our beaches. I feel really annoyed (3) I see plastic bags lying on the sand, cigarette ends buried in the sand, and soda cans floating in the sea.

There are a lot of things that we can do. (4)_____ we see rubbish, we should do our part in the protecting the land (5) ____________ picking it up and throwing it in dust bins. (6) _______, we can form some kind of organization that helps (7) the beaches. If everyone does their part, the beaches will be a wonderful and beautiful place. We need to start now (8) the beaches are damaged beyond repair.

1. A. on B. in C. at D. over

2. A. beauty B. beautifully C. beautiful D. being beautiful

3. A. before B. after C. when D. while

4. A. While B. Soon C. Unless D. If

5. A. by B. with C. of D. in

6. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore

7. A. cleaning up B. cleaning up C. clean up D. clean off

8. A. when B. after C. until D. before

(B) Light pollution is not (1) serious as water or air pollution. (2) , it is the type of pollution that (3) more in cities than in rural areas. In the past, we could sit out at night and (4) at glittering stars in the sky and light from objects in the outer space. Nowadays, cities are covered with lights from buildings, streets, advertising displays, many of which direct the lights up into the sky and into many unwanted places. The real problem is that it is very (5) to apply light to almost everything at night. Millions of tons of oil and coal (6) to produce the power to light the sky. Eye strain, (7) ______ of vision and stress are what people may get from light pollution. Too much light at night can harm our eyes and also harm the hormones that help us to see things properly.

1. A. as B. more C. much D. only

2. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Nevertheless

3. A. happen B. occur C. occurs D. is occurred

4. A. watch B. see C. spend D. gaze

5. A. waste B. wasteful C. wasting D. wastes

6. A. used B. using C. is used D. are used

7. A. lose B. lost C. loss D. losing

II. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

Saving the Environment: One Home at a Time

Pollution can be seen not only throughout the world, but also in our own homes. It comes from household chemicals, the amount of water people use and the waste people produce and throw away. What can be done to stop this pollution? Surprisingly, a person can help save the environment by doing simple things.

First, we need to recycle, which allows products to be used over and over again. Recycling can also reduce the number of trees cut down to produce paper products. It takes very little effort. It is not hard to place plastic and glass bottles, aluminum cans and paper in a bin. Anyone can do it.

Second, we need to watch the amount of water used at home. It can be conserved by taking short showers instead of baths, repairing leaky faucets, using the dishwasher or washing machine only when fully loaded, or simply turning the faucet off while brushing your teeth.

Third, we need to reduce waste. We need to recycle whenever possible, but should also try to use this waste effectively. For example, grass clippings and food scraps can be made into compost for plants. The average person produces 4.3 pounds of waste every day, but we can reduce that amount by recycling and reusing.

If we do our part in our own homes, we can help keep the planet from becoming more polluted.

1. Pollution is caused from the following sources except .

A. water in rivers B. water from households

C. wastes D. house chemicals

2. Recycling can help us .

A. never cut down trees B. produce more paper products

C. place garbage bins easily D. use products again and again

3. In order to save water, we can do all of the following things except .

A. fully use the washing machine

B. repair leaky faucets

C. take short showers instead of baths

D. turn the faucet off while brushing your teeth

4. Recycling helps to reduce waste because .

A. plants need to develop

B. waste can be recycled and reused

C. a person can do it in his home

D. an average man produces compost for plants

5. The word “It” in paragraph 2 refers to .

A. cutting down B. the number

C. recycling D. effort

III. Rewrite the sentences, using the words in brackets.

1. Keep silent or you will wake the baby up. (If)

…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. She has a headache after work every day. She works in a noisy office. (If)

…………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Because it rained heavily, the road in front of my house was flooded. (due to)

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. Noise pollution happens. There is a change in animals’ living pattern. (causes)

………………………………………………………………………………………

Rearrange the sentences in order to make a meaningful conversation ,writting the correct letter(A-H) in each blank.The conversation starts with number 0

0.Mi:Nick,last Sunday my mother and I went to the mall in the city center to buy some new clothes for our Tet holiday.The streets were so bright at night

......A.Mi:I see.Do you know any other examples of light pollution?

......B.Mi:Besides the waste,light pollution may affect human health ad our sleep cycles

......C.Mi:Light pollution?Our teacher has just mentioned it in the lesson this morning.Why is too much light at night harmful?

.......D.Mi:And sometime we also have extra or unnceessary lights around the house

.....E.Nick:I enjoy Tet in Vietnam,Mi.But a lot of lights and posters along the streets may cause light pollution

......F.Nick:You're right,Mi.I think it is very wasteful because we use much more energy to light up the city or our home all day round

.......G.Nick:Because it may prevent us from seeing the stars and other planets

.......H.Nick:Yes,we can mention street lamps that shine in all directions,instead with a hood to point light downward the streets, or cities with lights all night long

PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.

In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is to remove factories from cities and use lead-free petrol in cars.

The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas leads to the death of the creatures that live in them. Factories are largely responsible for the present situation, which is expected to worsen if governments do not make them to obey the law against pollution and punish industries which pollute water.

Finally, all over the world, especially in cities, we see huge amounts of rubbish in the streets, which we are responsible for. The rubbish collection system often does not work properly and people themselves add to the problem by dropping litter in the streets. There is so much we could do to help solve the problem. The point is how willing are we to do something about it?

1. In order to help solve the problem of pollution,
A people need to know what causes it.
B people don’t need to know what causes it.
C people have to do something immediately.
D people don’t need to do anything about it.

2. Smog is caused by
A cars only
B factories only.
C cars and factories.
D air

3. The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas is largely caused by
A car exhausts.
B lead-free petrol in cars.
C factories.
D creatures.

4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A People add to the problem of pollution by collecting rubbish.
B People add to the problem of pollution by dropping litter.
C Huge amounts of rubbish in the cities cause pollution.
D We are responsible for huge amounts of rubbish in the cities.

5. The opposite of the word properly in the passage is
A unproperly B disproperly
C improperly D inproperly

PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.

In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is to remove factories from cities and use lead-free petrol in cars.

The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas leads to the death of the creatures that live in them. Factories are largely responsible for the present situation, which is expected to worsen if governments do not make them to obey the law against pollution and punish industries which pollute water.

Finally, all over the world, especially in cities, we see huge amounts of rubbish in the streets, which we are responsible for. The rubbish collection system often does not work properly and people themselves add to the problem by dropping litter in the streets. There is so much we could do to help solve the problem. The point is how willing are we to do something about it?

1. In order to help solve the problem of pollution,
A people need to know what causes it.
B people don’t need to know what causes it.
C people have to do something immediately.
D people don’t need to do anything about it.

2. Smog is caused by
A cars only
B factories only.
C cars and factories.
D air

3. The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas is largely caused by
A car exhausts.
B lead-free petrol in cars.
C factories.
D creatures.

4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A People add to the problem of pollution by collecting rubbish.
B People add to the problem of pollution by dropping litter.
C Huge amounts of rubbish in the cities cause pollution.
D We are responsible for huge amounts of rubbish in the cities.

5. The opposite of the word properly in the passage is
A unproperly B disproperly
C improperly D inproperly

X. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.
There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is caused by
nature, such as foods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major Cause of pollution. We pollute the
air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes the air looks gray and
smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by dumping
garbage and Chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the water. We
pollute the soil with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the forest,
especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.
The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit pollution?
How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment. Conservation is
the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by not producing as much
as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of recreation land by cleaning up,
after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public transportation will help reduce air
pollution.
Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way. Recycling can
help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years. A. Find the word in bold in the
passage that means:
1. the protection of the natural environment ____
2. have a bad effect on something ____
3. a large amount of water covering an, area that usually dry ____
4. sharing a car ride with other people ____
5. waste gases that come out of an engine ____
6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty ____
7. get rid of ____
B. Choose the correct answers.
1. According to the passage, pollution________
A. is always caused by humans. B. can only be caused by nature.
C. is mainly caused by humans. D. may sometimes cause natural disasters.
2. What kind of pollution may a car cause?
A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Light pollution
3. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?
A. Land development B. Waste disposal
C. Pesticide or fertilizer use D. Exhaust from traffic
4. How can we help save our environment?
A. Stop pollution. B. Dump garbage into the river.
C. Drive cars everywhere. D. Cut down trees in the forests.
5. How does recycling help the environment?
A. It expands landfills. B. It saves natural resources.
C. It increases water pollution. D. It causes air pollution.

6. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?
A. Walk or bike B. Carpool to work or school
C. Use public transport D. All of the above
7. What is the main idea of this article?
A.The air is dirty because of cars and factories. B. The soil gets polluted from littering.
C.People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.
D. Conservation is the only way to stop environmental pollution.

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. disease B. dead C. treatment D. sneeze

2. A. environment B. billboard C. visual D. litter

3. A. birth B. thermal C. earth D. further

4. A. poisoned B. died C. dumped D. caused

5. A. contaminant B. waste C. illustrate

II. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is placed differently.

D. radiation

1. A. environment B. temperature C. botanical D. contaminant

2. A. untreated B. aquatic C. pollution D. electronic

3. A. pollute B. poison C. damage D. illustrate

4. A. presentation B. radioactive C. environmental D. contamination

5. A. permanent B. Chemical C. dramatic D. herbicide

III. Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of each word is given.

1. The fish have died because the river water is heavily p________.

2. Health e________ from air pollution include lung cancer, and respiratory diseases.

3. Acid rain causes serious d________ to plants and trees.

4. If the air wasn’t dirty, Nick w________ sneeze so much.

5. The main gases that l________ to acid rain are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.

6. There is a danger of serious contamination from radioactive w________.

7. Hundreds of d________ fish were found floating in the river near the factory.

8. U________ sewage can spread disease and contaminate drinking water sources.

IV. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.

1. After the accident, many people were exposed________ radiation.

A. from B. at C. to D. with

2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects________ I’m human health.

A. on B. of C. for D. to

3. ________can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems.

A. Air pollution B. Light pollution C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution

4. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen________ the burning of fossil fuels.

A. therefore B. because C. in spite of D. due to

5. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it________ forever.

A. exists B. will exist C. won’t exist D. doesn’t exist

6. ________are Chemicals that are used to kill unwanted plants, such as weeds.

A. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Pollutants

7. There would be much less pollution________ people stopped using cars completely.

A. if B. since C. when D. although

8. Emissions of pollutants into the air can________ changes to the climate.

A. get on B. end up C. go into D. result in

9. ________can we help save our environment?

A. What B. How C. Why D. How much

10. If we care about plastic waste________.

A. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water? B. we would use reusable shopping bags C. we will

throw away plastic water bottles. D. why don’t we buy plastic bags?

V. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.

1. What will happen if the Earth stopped moving?

A B C D

2. One of the things all of us can do to protect and improve our environment is recycle.

A B C D

3. Humans can even die if they will drink contaminated water.

A B C D

4. Long-term exposure to loud noise results permanent hearing loss.

A B C D

5. They believe that water pollution is the large cause of death and disease in the world.

A B C D

6. Is the recycling process in itself damaging for the environment?

A B C D

7. We won’t save the environment if we stop using so much energy.

A B C D

8. One in six species is at risk of extinction because climate change.

A B C D

9. The amount of waste decreased if people started to buy reusable packages.

A B C D

10. Contaminated water can cause of many types of diarrheal diseases, including cholera.

A B C D

VI. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.

1. It would be better for the environment if more people________ (use) bikes rather than cars.

2. If we use less energy, we________ (help) reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

3. Every year, million tons of plastic________ (dump) into the oceans.

4. A thick smog________ (settle) over New Delhi since winter________ (begin).

5. Noise pollution can________ (cause) by vehicle, aircraft, and industrial noise.

6. Human activities________ (destroy) nature at an unacceptable rate right now.

7. A decade ago, WHO________ (classify) air pollution as a link to lung cancer.

8. If the temperature________ (increase) by a few degrees during the next few years, we________ (run

into) serious problems.

9. What________ (happen) if all the pollution in the world________ (disappear)?

10. At 8 o’clock last night, I________ (watch) “A Plastic Wave”, a documentary on plastic pollution.

11. We should avoid ________ (buy) frozen foods because their packaging is mostly plastic.

12. Air pollution can make people ________ (die).

VII. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. As an________ why do you oppose banning plastic bags? (environment)

2. The radiation leak has had a________ effect on the environment. (disaster)

3. The water supply is being tested for ________. (contaminate)

4. Heavy metals in________ water cut short millions of lives every year. (drink)

5. Scientists warn that plastic pollution in oceans will be one of the ________ threats. (big)

6. Pollution is the process of making parts of the living environment________. (dirt)

7. If thermal pollution continues for a long time, it can________ cause huge bacteria. (possible)

8. She became deaf after long-term________ to noise in the workplace. (expose)

9. Living near a busy road could cause high blood________. (press)

10. Wastewater________ a process used to remove contaminants from sewage. (treat)

VIII. Match the questions to the answers.

1. What is the main reason for thermal

pollution?

2. What effect does thermal pollution have

on aquatic animals?

3. How to minimize the water pollution due

to Chemicals?

4. What diseases are usually caused by air

pollution?

5. Which gas is mainly responsible for

global warming?

6. What are the effects of noise pollution? 7.

Why are plastic bags a big environmental

nuisance?

8. What are sources of radioactive pollution?

a. They are non-biodegradable and create an

environmental harzard.

b. Nuclear wastes from nuclear power plants,

mining and processing of nuclear material etc.

c. Carbon dioxide. It contributes about 55% to

global warming.

d. It affects their growth and may kill off them.

e. Hot water released by power plants and

industries.

f. Sleep disturbance, high blood pressure,

emotional problems and annoyance.

g. Rickets, throat cancer, lung cancer and

breathing problem.

h. Treat wastewater before discharging into a

flowing body of water.

IX. Choose the word which best fits each gap.

Many human activities over the last 200 years have been responsible (1) ________ polluting the air and

damaging people’s health. Automobile engines and power plants burn combustible (2) ________ like

gasoline and coal and allow toxic gases and smoke to escape into the air. Some pollutants destroy the ozone

layer, which is the thin blanket of gases that

(3) ________ Earth from the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet rays. Other pollutants contribute to (4) ________

warming by adding to the planet’s natural greenhouse effect. Still others create acid rain, a phenomenon

that has disastrous (5) ________ on lake and forest habitats. Air pollution is not limited to industrial areas.

Depending on the direction of the wind and its force, air pollutants may (6) ________ spread to other

countries very far from the source of the pollution.

Big cities like Los Angeles and Mexico City are*often covered by smog, a fog that occurs (7) ________ air

pollution. In 1952, the City of London, England, was enveloped by smog so thick that people on the streets

had to feel their way around by (8) ________ the walls of buildings!

1. A. for B. of C. to D. with

2. A. chemicals B. means C. fuels D. matters

3. A. covers B. protects C. stops D. damages

4. A. environmental B. thermal C. temperature D. global

5. A. affects B. causes C. sources D. effects

6. A. never B. even C. ever D. hardly

7. A. because of B. in spite of C. instead of D. due of

8. A. climbing B. walking C. touching D. putting up

X. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.

There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is caused by

nature, such as foods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major Cause of pollution. We pollute the

air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes the air looks gray and

smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by dumping

garbage and Chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the water. We

pollute the soil with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the forest,

especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.

The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit pollution?

How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment. Conservation is

the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by not producing as much

as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of recreation land by cleaning up,

after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public transportation will help reduce air

pollution.

Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way. Recycling can

help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years. A. Find the word in bold in the

passage that means:

1. the protection of the natural environment ________

2. have a bad effect on something ________

3. a large amount of water covering an, area that usually dry ________

4. sharing a car ride with other people ________

5. waste gases that come out of an engine ________

6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty ________

7. get rid of ________

B. Choose the correct answers.

1. According to the passage, pollution________

A. is always caused by humans. B. can only be caused by nature.

C. is mainly caused by humans. D. may sometimes cause natural disasters.

2. What kind of pollution may a car cause?

A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Light pollution

3. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?

A. Land development B. Waste disposal

C. Pesticide or fertilizer use D. Exhaust from traffic

4. How can we help save our environment?

A. Stop pollution. B. Dump garbage into the river.

C. Drive cars everywhere. D. Cut down trees in the forests.

5. How does recycling help the environment?

A. It expands landfills. B. It saves natural resources.

C. It increases water pollution. D. It causes air pollution.

6. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?

A. Walk or bike B. Carpool to work or school

C. Use public transport D. All of the above

7. What is the main idea of this article?

A.The air is dirty because of cars and factories. B. The soil gets polluted from littering.

C.People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.

D. Conservation is the only way to stop environmental pollution.

XI. Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.

1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (IF)

____________________________________________________________________

2. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (BECAUSE OF)

____________________________________________________________________

3. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years.

(SINCE)

____________________________________________________________________

4. Paul doesn’t think about the planet. He wastes so much water. (IF)

____________________________________________________________________

5. Water pollution happens. Many aquatic animals such as fish can die. (LEAD)

____________________________________________________________________

6. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (BECAUSE)

____________________________________________________________________

7. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (UNLESS)

____________________________________________________________________

8. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (WHEN)

____________________________________________________________________

9. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence.

(EVEN THOUGH)

____________________________________________________________________

10. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (SO)

____________________________________________________________________

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. disease B. dead C. treatment D. sneeze

2. A. environment B. billboard C. visual D. litter

3. A. birth B. thermal C. earth D. further

4. A. poisoned B. died C. dumped D. caused

5. A. contaminant B. waste C. illustrate

II. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is placed differently.

D. radiation

1. A. environment B. temperature C. botanical D. contaminant

2. A. untreated B. aquatic C. pollution D. electronic

3. A. pollute B. poison C. damage D. illustrate

4. A. presentation B. radioactive C. environmental D. contamination

5. A. permanent B. Chemical C. dramatic D. herbicide

III. Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of each word is given.

1. The fish have died because the river water is heavily p________.

2. Health e________ from air pollution include lung cancer, and respiratory diseases.

3. Acid rain causes serious d________ to plants and trees.

4. If the air wasn’t dirty, Nick w________ sneeze so much.

5. The main gases that l________ to acid rain are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.

6. There is a danger of serious contamination from radioactive w________.

7. Hundreds of d________ fish were found floating in the river near the factory.

8. U________ sewage can spread disease and contaminate drinking water sources.

IV. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.

1. After the accident, many people were exposed________ radiation.

A. from B. at C. to D. with

2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects________ I’m human health.

A. on B. of C. for D. to

3. ________can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems.

A. Air pollution B. Light pollution C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution

4. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen________ the burning of fossil fuels.

A. therefore B. because C. in spite of D. due to

5. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it________ forever.

A. exists B. will exist C. won’t exist D. doesn’t exist

6. ________are Chemicals that are used to kill unwanted plants, such as weeds.

A. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Pollutants

7. There would be much less pollution________ people stopped using cars completely.

A. if B. since C. when D. although

8. Emissions of pollutants into the air can________ changes to the climate.

A. get on B. end up C. go into D. result in

9. ________can we help save our environment?

A. What B. How C. Why D. How much

10. If we care about plastic waste________.

A. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water? B. we would use reusable shopping bags C. we will

throw away plastic water bottles. D. why don’t we buy plastic bags?

V. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.

1. What will happen if the Earth stopped moving?

A B C D

2. One of the things all of us can do to protect and improve our environment is recycle.

A B C D

3. Humans can even die if they will drink contaminated water.

A B C D

4. Long-term exposure to loud noise results permanent hearing loss.

A B C D

5. They believe that water pollution is the large cause of death and disease in the world.

A B C D

6. Is the recycling process in itself damaging for the environment?

A B C D

7. We won’t save the environment if we stop using so much energy.

A B C D

8. One in six species is at risk of extinction because climate change.

A B C D

9. The amount of waste decreased if people started to buy reusable packages.

A B C D

10. Contaminated water can cause of many types of diarrheal diseases, including cholera.

A B C D

VI. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.

1. It would be better for the environment if more people________ (use) bikes rather than cars.

2. If we use less energy, we________ (help) reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

3. Every year, million tons of plastic________ (dump) into the oceans.

4. A thick smog________ (settle) over New Delhi since winter________ (begin).

5. Noise pollution can________ (cause) by vehicle, aircraft, and industrial noise.

6. Human activities________ (destroy) nature at an unacceptable rate right now.

7. A decade ago, WHO________ (classify) air pollution as a link to lung cancer.

8. If the temperature________ (increase) by a few degrees during the next few years, we________ (run

into) serious problems.

9. What________ (happen) if all the pollution in the world________ (disappear)?

10. At 8 o’clock last night, I________ (watch) “A Plastic Wave”, a documentary on plastic pollution.

11. We should avoid ________ (buy) frozen foods because their packaging is mostly plastic.

12. Air pollution can make people ________ (die).

VII. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. As an________ why do you oppose banning plastic bags? (environment)

2. The radiation leak has had a________ effect on the environment. (disaster)

3. The water supply is being tested for ________. (contaminate)

4. Heavy metals in________ water cut short millions of lives every year. (drink)

5. Scientists warn that plastic pollution in oceans will be one of the ________ threats. (big)

6. Pollution is the process of making parts of the living environment________. (dirt)

7. If thermal pollution continues for a long time, it can________ cause huge bacteria. (possible)

8. She became deaf after long-term________ to noise in the workplace. (expose)

9. Living near a busy road could cause high blood________. (press)

10. Wastewater________ a process used to remove contaminants from sewage. (treat)

VIII. Match the questions to the answers.

1. What is the main reason for thermal

pollution?

2. What effect does thermal pollution have

on aquatic animals?

3. How to minimize the water pollution due

to Chemicals?

4. What diseases are usually caused by air

pollution?

5. Which gas is mainly responsible for

global warming?

6. What are the effects of noise pollution? 7.

Why are plastic bags a big environmental

nuisance?

8. What are sources of radioactive pollution?

a. They are non-biodegradable and create an

environmental harzard.

b. Nuclear wastes from nuclear power plants,

mining and processing of nuclear material etc.

c. Carbon dioxide. It contributes about 55% to

global warming.

d. It affects their growth and may kill off them.

e. Hot water released by power plants and

industries.

f. Sleep disturbance, high blood pressure,

emotional problems and annoyance.

g. Rickets, throat cancer, lung cancer and

breathing problem.

h. Treat wastewater before discharging into a

flowing body of water.

IX. Choose the word which best fits each gap.

Many human activities over the last 200 years have been responsible (1) ________ polluting the air and

damaging people’s health. Automobile engines and power plants burn combustible (2) ________ like

gasoline and coal and allow toxic gases and smoke to escape into the air. Some pollutants destroy the ozone

layer, which is the thin blanket of gases that

(3) ________ Earth from the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet rays. Other pollutants contribute to (4) ________

warming by adding to the planet’s natural greenhouse effect. Still others create acid rain, a phenomenon

that has disastrous (5) ________ on lake and forest habitats. Air pollution is not limited to industrial areas.

Depending on the direction of the wind and its force, air pollutants may (6) ________ spread to other

countries very far from the source of the pollution.

Big cities like Los Angeles and Mexico City are*often covered by smog, a fog that occurs (7) ________ air

pollution. In 1952, the City of London, England, was enveloped by smog so thick that people on the streets

had to feel their way around by (8) ________ the walls of buildings!

1. A. for B. of C. to D. with

2. A. chemicals B. means C. fuels D. matters

3. A. covers B. protects C. stops D. damages

4. A. environmental B. thermal C. temperature D. global

5. A. affects B. causes C. sources D. effects

6. A. never B. even C. ever D. hardly

7. A. because of B. in spite of C. instead of D. due of

8. A. climbing B. walking C. touching D. putting up

X. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.

There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is caused by

nature, such as foods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major Cause of pollution. We pollute the

air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes the air looks gray and

smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by dumping

garbage and Chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the water. We

pollute the soil with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the forest,

especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.

The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit pollution?

How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment. Conservation is

the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by not producing as much

as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of recreation land by cleaning up,

after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public transportation will help reduce air

pollution.

Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way. Recycling can

help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years. A. Find the word in bold in the

passage that means:

1. the protection of the natural environment ________

2. have a bad effect on something ________

3. a large amount of water covering an, area that usually dry ________

4. sharing a car ride with other people ________

5. waste gases that come out of an engine ________

6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty ________

7. get rid of ________

B. Choose the correct answers.

1. According to the passage, pollution________

A. is always caused by humans. B. can only be caused by nature.

C. is mainly caused by humans. D. may sometimes cause natural disasters.

2. What kind of pollution may a car cause?

A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Light pollution

3. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?

A. Land development B. Waste disposal

C. Pesticide or fertilizer use D. Exhaust from traffic

4. How can we help save our environment?

A. Stop pollution. B. Dump garbage into the river.

C. Drive cars everywhere. D. Cut down trees in the forests.

5. How does recycling help the environment?

A. It expands landfills. B. It saves natural resources.

C. It increases water pollution. D. It causes air pollution.

6. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?

A. Walk or bike B. Carpool to work or school

C. Use public transport D. All of the above

7. What is the main idea of this article?

A.The air is dirty because of cars and factories. B. The soil gets polluted from littering.

C.People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.

D. Conservation is the only way to stop environmental pollution.

XI. Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.

1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (IF)

____________________________________________________________________

2. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (BECAUSE OF)

____________________________________________________________________

3. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years.

(SINCE)

____________________________________________________________________

4. Paul doesn’t think about the planet. He wastes so much water. (IF)

____________________________________________________________________

5. Water pollution happens. Many aquatic animals such as fish can die. (LEAD)

____________________________________________________________________

6. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (BECAUSE)

____________________________________________________________________

7. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (UNLESS)

____________________________________________________________________

8. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (WHEN)

____________________________________________________________________

9. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence.

(EVEN THOUGH)

____________________________________________________________________

10. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (SO)

____________________________________________________________________