Phương trình hóa học của phản ứng:

M + n/2HCl → M Cl n

M + mHCl → M Cl m  + m/2 H 2

Theo đề bài, ta có:

và M + 106,5 = 1,2886 (M+71)

Giải ra, ta có M = 52 (Cr)

\(a.HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

PỨ trung hoà 

\(b,n_{NaOH}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}0,1mol\\ m=m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,1.58,5=5,85g\\ d,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73.10}{100.36,5}=0,2mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl,pứ}=n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ m_{HCl,dư}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).36,5=3,65g\)

.

a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            0,2--->0,6------------------->0,3

=> V_H2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)

b, \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{20\%}=109,5\left(g\right)\)

c, Đặt m_Al = m_Zn = a (g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=\dfrac{a}{65}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH:

2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

\(\dfrac{a}{27}\)--------------------------->\(\dfrac{a}{18}\)

Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl₂ + H₂

\(\dfrac{a}{65}\)-------------------------->\(\dfrac{a}{65}\)

So sánh: \(\dfrac{a}{18}< \dfrac{a}{65}\)=> Al cho nhiều H₂ hơn

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) 
        0,2       0,6                           0,3  
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ m_{HCl}=20\%.0,6.36,5=4,38\left(g\right)\) 
gọi nAl = nZn = a 
\(pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (1) 
           a                                      \(\dfrac{3}{2}a\)                                     
         \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\) (2) 
         a                                      a 
=> \(m_{H_2}\left(1\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}a.2=3a\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}\left(2\right)=a.2=2a\left(G\right)\)
=> Al sản xuất ra nhiều H2 hơn

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)

Ta có : 

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot2}{4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0.1\cdot102=10.2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)

\(0.2.......\dfrac{2}{15}.....\dfrac{1}{15}\)

\(V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}\cdot22.4=2.98\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot232=15.46\left(g\right)\)

\(a.Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\b.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ c.n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right) \)