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sửa đề CM biểu thức \(\le\frac{3}{16}\)
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}=\frac{1}{x+x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
bình phương hai vế:
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z)^2}=\frac{1}{16^2}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)
áp dụng bđt phụ: \(\left(x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4\right)^2\le4\left(x_1+x_2+x_3+x_4\right)\)
áp dụng cho cụm \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)
=> \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\le4\left(\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{64}\left(\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
áp dụng tương tự:
=> \(\frac{1}{\left(2y+x+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{64}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{2}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{\left(2z+x+y\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{64}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{z^2}\right)\)
cộng cả ba biêu thức trên
=> \(VT\le\frac{1}{64}\left\lbrace\left(\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{2}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{z^2}\right)\right\rbrace\) \(VT\le\frac{1}{64}\left(\frac{4}{x^2}+\frac{4}{y^2}+\frac{4}{z^2}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{4}{64}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
ta có \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=3\)
=> \(VT\le\frac{1}{16\cdot3}=\frac{3}{16}\)
dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
Hướng dẫn :\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=0\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)
Thay vào:\(x^2+2yz=x^2+yz+yz=x^2+yz-xy-zx=x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
Tương tự thay vào mà quy đồng
a) sửa đề: \(\frac{x^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{y^2}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{z^2}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)
=\(\frac{-x^2\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}+\frac{-y^2\left(z-x\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}+\frac{-z^2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)
=\(-\frac{\left\lbrace x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-x\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\right\rbrace}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)
xét tử số:
Tử=\(x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-y^2x+z^2x-z^2y\)
=\(x^2\left(y-z\right)-x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\)
=\(x^2\left(y-z\right)-x\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\)
=\(\left(y-z\right)\left\lbrace x^2-x\left(y+z\right)+yz\right\rbrace\)
=\(\left(y-z\right)\left\lbrace x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\right\rbrace\)
=\(\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
=\(-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
thay lại vào biểu thức cũ:
\(\Rightarrow-\frac{\left\lbrace-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\right\rbrace}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)
=\(1\)
b) \(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(c-a\right)+\left(a-b\right)+\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{0}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
Bài 1:
\(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x-2}=\frac{A\left(x-2\right)+B\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{Ax-2A+Bx-B}{x^2-3x+2}=\frac{\left(A+B\right)x-\left(2A+B\right)}{x^2-3x+2}\)
so sách với tử số vừa tìm dc với đề bài:
=> A+B=1
2A+B=-2
=>(2A+B)-(A+B)=-2-1
A=-3
=> B=1+3=4
b) sửa đề \(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}\)
=> \(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}=\frac{A\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(Bx+C\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{Ax^2+A+Bx^2-Bx+Cx-C}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\frac{\left(A+B\right)x^2+\left(C-B\right)x+\left(A-C\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
so sánh với tử số bên cạnh là \(x^2+2x-1\)
=>\(A+B=1\)
\(C-B=2\)
\(A-C=-1\)
=> \(A=1,B=0,C=2\)
bài 2:
quy đồng hai hạng tử đầu tiên:
=> \(\frac{x}{1-x^2}+\frac{y}{1-y^2}=\frac{x\left(1-y^2\right)+y\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(1-xy\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}\)
từ xy+yz+xz=1=> 1-xy=z(x+y) thay vào biểu thức vừa tìm dc ta có:
\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}+\frac{z}{1-z^2}=z\left\lbrace\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(1-z^2\right)+\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}\right)\)
ta có:
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+1-x^2-y^2+x^2y^2\)
=\(\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+1-x^2-y^2+x^2y^2\)
=\(\left(1+xy\right)^2-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(1+xy-xz-yz\right)\left(1+xy+xz+yz\right)\)
=\(4xy\)
thay vào biểu thức ban đầu:
\(z\cdot\frac{4xy}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}=\frac{4xyz}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)
bài 3:
xếp hạng tổng k của dãy số:
\(a_{k}=\frac{k}{k^4+k+1}\)
=> \(a_{k}=\frac12\left\lbrace\frac{\left(k^2+k+1\right)-\left(k^2-k+1\right)}{\left(k^2-k+1\right)\left(k^2+k+1\right)}\right\rbrace=\frac12\left(\frac{1}{k^2-k+1}-\frac{1}{k^2+k+1}\right)\)
thay k=1,2,3,4,...,n)
=> \(S=\frac12\left\lbrace\left(\frac11-\frac13\right)+\left(\frac13-\frac17\right)+\cdots+\left(\frac{1}{n^2-n+1}-\right.\frac{1}{n^2+n+1}\right)\) S=\(\frac12\left(1-\frac{1}{n^2+n+1}\right)\)
\(S=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2+n+1\right)}\)
a) \(=\frac{2\left(x+y\right)+5\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{7\left(x+y\right)}{-3\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{-7}{3}\)
b)\(=\frac{3x\left(x+y\right)}{y}\)
c) \(\frac{5\left(x-y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(x-y\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{4}{5}\)
a) \(\frac{2x+2y+5x+5y}{2x+2y-5x-5y}=\frac{7x+7y}{-3x-3y}=\frac{7\left(x+y\right)}{-3\left(x+y\right)}=-\frac{7}{3}.\)
b) \(\frac{15x\left(x+y\right)^3}{5y\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{3x\left(x+y\right)}{y}=\frac{3x^2+3xy}{y}\)
c) \(\frac{5\left(x-y\right)-3\left(y-x\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{5\left(x-y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{8\left(x-y\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{4}{5}\)
d) \(\frac{3\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)^2}{6\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}=\frac{x-z}{2}\)
h) \(\frac{3x\left(1-x\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)}=-\frac{3x\left(x-1\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{-3x}{2}\)
j) \(\frac{6x^2y^2}{8xy^5}=\frac{3x}{4y^3}\)
Câu b) bạn xem lại nhé.
Học tốt ^3^
a) \(\frac{x+1}{2x+6}\)+\(\frac{2x+3}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{x+1}{2\left(x+3\right)}\)+ \(\frac{2x+3}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{x\left(x+1\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)+ \(\frac{2\left(2x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{x^2+x+4x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{x^2+5x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{x+2}{2x}\)
b) \(\frac{x-1}{x}\)+ \(\frac{x+2}{2}\)
= \(\frac{2\left(x-1\right)}{2x}\)+ \(\frac{x\left(x+2\right)}{2x}\)
= \(\frac{2x-2+x^2+2x}{2x}\)
= \(\frac{x^2+4x-2}{2x}\)
c) \(\frac{1}{x+y}\)+ \(\frac{-1}{x-y}\)+ \(\frac{2x}{x^2+y^2}\)
= \(\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)+\(\frac{-\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)+ \(\frac{2x\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
= \(\frac{x^3+xy^2-x^2y-y^3-x^3-xy^2-xy^2-y^3+2x^3+2x^2y-2x^2y+2xy^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{2x^3+xy^2-x^2y-2y^3}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(2x^3-2y^3\right)-\left(x^2y-xy^2\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(2x^2+2xy+2y^2-xy\right)}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{2x^2+xy+2y^2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
e) = \(\frac{3x^2-6xy+3y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{3\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
=\(\frac{3x-3y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
( Mình bận rồi, lát làm câu d nhé)