Bài 1:

a) \(M=x^2-3x+10=\left(x^2-3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)+\frac{31}{4}\)

\(=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{31}{4}\ge\frac{31}{4}\left(\forall x\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)

KL:...

2. a. \(A=12a-4a^2+3=-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+12\)

Vì \(\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)\(\Rightarrow-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+3\le3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-4\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{3}{2}\)

Vậy Amax = 3 <=> a = 3/2

b. \(B=4t-8v-v^2-t^2+2017=-\left(v^2+t^2-4t+8v+20\right)+2037\)

\(=-\left(t-2\right)^2-\left(v+4\right)^2+2037\)

Vì \(\left(t-2\right)^2\ge0;\left(v+4\right)^2\ge0\forall t;v\)

\(\Rightarrow-\left(t-2\right)^2-\left(v+4\right)^2+2037\le2037\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(t-2\right)^2=0\\\left(v+4\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t-2=0\\v+4=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=2\\v=-4\end{cases}}\)

Vậy Bmax = 2037 <=> t = 2 ; v = - 4

c. \(C=m-\frac{m^2}{4}=-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2+1\)

Vì \(\left(m-2\right)^2\ge0\forall m\)\(\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2+1\le1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{1}{4}\left(m-2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow m-2=0\Leftrightarrow m=2\)

Vậy Cmax = 1 <=> m = 2

\(1,a,A=x^2-6x+25\)

\(=x^2-2.x.3+9-9+25\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+16\)

Ta có :

\(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)Với mọi x

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+16\ge16\)

Hay \(A\ge16\)

\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

\(b,B=4x^2+4x-2\)

\(B=4x^2+4x+1-3\)

\(B=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)-3\)

\(B=\left(2x+1\right)^2-3\)

Ta có : 

\(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi x

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2-3\ge-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B\ge-3\)

\(\Rightarrow B_{min}=-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)

\(B=12x-8y-4x^2-y^2+1\)

\(=-\left(4x^2-12x+y^2+8y-1\right)\)

\(=-\left[\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+\left(y^2+8y+16\right)-24\right]\)

\(=\left[\left(2x-3\right)^2+\left(y+4\right)^2-24\right]\)

\(=-\left(2x-3\right)^2-\left(y+4\right)^2+24\)

\(\Rightarrow B_{max}=24\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x-3\right)^2-\left(y+4\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-3=0\\y+4=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{2}\\y=-4\end{cases}}}\)

Ta có:  B = 12x - 8y - 4x² - y² + 1 = (-4x² + 12x - 9) - (y² + 8y + 16) + 26 = -4(x² - 3x + 9/4) - (y + 4)² + 26 = -4(x - 3/2)² - (y + 4)² + 26

Ta luôn có: -4(x - 3/2)² \(\le\) 0 \(\forall\) x (vì  4(x - 3/2)² \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x)

             -(y + 4)² \(\le\) 0 \(\forall\)y  (vì (y + 4)² \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\) y)

=> -4(x - 3/2)² - (y + 4)² + 26 \(\le\) 26 \(\forall\)x,y

hay B \(\le\) 26 \(\forall\)x, y

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\\\left(y+4\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{3}{2}=0\\y+4=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{2}\\y=-4\end{cases}}\)

Vậy B_max = 26 tại x = 3/2 và y = -4

a, A = (x-1)(x+6) (x+2)(x+3)

= (x^2 + 5x -6 ) (x^2 + 5x + 6)

Đặt t = x^2 +5x 

A= (t-6)(t+6)

= t^2 - 36

GTNN của A là -36 khi và ck t= 0

<=> x^2 +5x = 0

<=> x=0 hoặc x=-5

Vậy...

x^2-2x+1+y^2+8y+16+8=(x-1)^2+(y+4)^2+8>=8

\(P=\left(\frac{x-1}{x+3}+\frac{2}{x-3}+\frac{x^2+3}{9-x^2}\right):\left(\frac{2x-1}{2x+1}-1\right)\)\(\left(đkcđ:x\ne\pm3;x\ne-\frac{1}{2}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{\left(x-1\right).\left(x-3\right)+2.\left(x+3\right)-\left(x^2+3\right)}{x^2-9}\right):\left(\frac{2x-1-\left(2x+1\right)}{2x+1}\right)\)

\(=\frac{x^2-4x+3+2x+6-x^2-3}{x^2-9}:\frac{-2}{2x+1}\)

\(=\frac{-2x-6}{x^2-9}.\frac{2x+1}{-2}\)

\(=\frac{-2\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-3\right).\left(x+3\right)}.\frac{2x+1}{-2}\)

\(=\frac{2x+1}{x-3}\)

b)\(\left|x+1\right|=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=\frac{1}{2}\\x+1=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\left(koTMđkxđ\right)\\x=-\frac{3}{2}\left(TMđkxđ\right)\end{cases}}}\)

thay \(x=-\frac{3}{2}\)  vào P tâ đc:   \(P=\frac{2x+1}{x-3}=\frac{2.\left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)+1}{-\frac{3}{2}-3}=\frac{4}{9}\)

c)ta có:\(P=\frac{x}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x+1}{x-3}=\frac{x}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow2.\left(2x+1\right)=x.\left(x-3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x+2=x^2-3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-7x-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.\frac{7}{2}+\frac{49}{4}-\frac{57}{4}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{7}{2}\right)^2-\frac{57}{4}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{7}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{57}}{2}\right).\left(x-\frac{7}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{57}}{2}\right)\)

bạn tự giải nốt nhé!!

d)\(x\in Z;P\in Z\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x+1}{x-3}\in Z\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x-6+7}{x-3}=2+\frac{7}{x-3}\in Z\)

\(2\in Z\Rightarrow\frac{7}{x-3}\in Z\Leftrightarrow x-3\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm7\right\}\)

bạn tự làm nốt nhé

a, \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-4x+3+2x+6-x^2-3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\right):\left(\dfrac{2x-1-2x-1}{2x+1}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{-2x+6}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}:\dfrac{-2}{2x+1}=\dfrac{-2\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{-2\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{2x+1}{x+3}\)

b, \(\left|x+1\right|=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}-1\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(ktmđk\right)\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay x = -3/2 ta được \(\dfrac{2\left(-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)+1}{-\dfrac{3}{2}+3}=\dfrac{-2}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\)

A=\(\left(x-y\right)^2-2.6.\left(x-y\right)+36+5y^2+10y+5+4\)

=\(\left(x-y-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi y=1 và x=5

2B=\(2x^2+2y^2-2xy-2x+2y+2\)

=\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\)

=>B\(\ge\)0

a) \(P=y^2+8y+15\)

\(P=y^2+2.y.4+16-1\)

\(P=\left(y+4\right)^2-1\)

Vì \(\left(y+4\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi y

\(\Rightarrow\left(y+4\right)^2-1\ge-1\) với mọi y

\(\Rightarrow Pmin=-1\Leftrightarrow y=-4\)

b) \(A=u^2+v^2-2u+3v+15\)

\(A=u^2-2u+1+v^2+2.v.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{9}{4}+14\)

\(A=\left(u-1\right)^2+\left(v+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{47}{4}\)

Vì \(\left(u-1\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi u

\(\left(v+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi v

\(\Rightarrow\left(u-1\right)^2+\left(v+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi u,v

\(\Rightarrow\left(u-1\right)^2+\left(v+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{47}{4}\ge\dfrac{47}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow Amin=\dfrac{47}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=1\\v=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)