Gọi O là tâm đường tròn \(\Rightarrow\) O là trung điểm BC

\(\stackrel\frown{BE}=\stackrel\frown{ED}=\stackrel\frown{DC}\Rightarrow\widehat{BOE}=\widehat{EOD}=\widehat{DOC}=\dfrac{180^0}{3}=60^0\)

Mà \(OD=OE=R\Rightarrow\Delta ODE\) đều

\(\Rightarrow ED=R\)

\(BN=NM=MC=\dfrac{2R}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{NM}{ED}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(\stackrel\frown{BE}=\stackrel\frown{DC}\Rightarrow ED||BC\) 

Áp dụng định lý talet:

\(\dfrac{AN}{AE}=\dfrac{MN}{ED}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{EN}{AN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{ON}{BN}=\dfrac{OB-BN}{BN}=\dfrac{R-\dfrac{2R}{3}}{\dfrac{2R}{3}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{EN}{AN}=\dfrac{ON}{BN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) và \(\widehat{ENO}=\widehat{ANB}\) (đối đỉnh)

\(\Rightarrow\Delta ENO\sim ANB\left(c.g.c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\widehat{NBA}=\widehat{NOE}=60^0\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta có \(\Delta MDO\sim\Delta MAC\Rightarrow\widehat{MCA}=\widehat{MOD}=60^0\)

\(\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) đều

A=6x-1+căn [ x-4 ]²

c)\(\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}\)

=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

=\(\dfrac{\left|\sqrt{7}-1\right|-\left|\sqrt{7}+1\right|}{\sqrt{2}}\)

=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{7}-1-\sqrt{7}-1}{\sqrt{2}}\)

=\(\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{2}}\)

=\(-\sqrt{2}\)

Bài 4:

a)

\(M=x+\sqrt{2-x}=-\left(2-x\right)+\sqrt{2-x}+2\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2-x}=m\left(m\ge0\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M=-m^2+m+2\)

\(=-\left(m^2-m+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}+2\)

\(=\dfrac{9}{4}-\left(m-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{9}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(m=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2-x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{4}\)

b)

\(5x^2+9y^2-12xy+8=24\left(2y-x-3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+24x+9y^2-48y-12xy+80=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+9y^2+64-12xy-48y+32x\right)+\left(x^2-8x+16\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3y+8\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=\dfrac{16}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (loại)

Vậy . . .

Bài 2:

a)

\(M=\dfrac{x^5}{30}-\dfrac{x^3}{6}+\dfrac{2x}{15}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^5-5x^3+4x}{30}\)

\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^4-5x^2+4\right)}{30}\)

\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}{30}\)

\(=\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{30}\)

Suy ra nếu x nguyên thì M cũng nguyên ^.^

Bài 3:

a) Chứng minh \(VP\ge VT\) dùng Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel.

b) Xét \(M=2a^2+2b^2+2\)

\(=\left(a^2+1\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)

\(\ge2a+2b+2ab\) (áp dụng bđt AM - GM)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+1\ge a+b+ab\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)