Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
B1:
\(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Xét hiệu:
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\)
\(=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\)
=> BĐT luôn đúng
*
Ta có:
\(a< b+c\Rightarrow a^2< ab+ac\)
\(b< a+c\Rightarrow b^2< ab+ac\)
\(c< a+b\Rightarrow a^2< ac+bc\)
Cộng từng vế bất đẳng thức ta được:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Vậy: \(ab+bc+ca\le a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
B2:
Ta có: \(a+b>c\) ; \(b+c>a\); \(a+c>b\)
Xét:\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+a}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{a+b+a+b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c+b}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{b+c+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+a}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{a+c+a+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)
Suy ra:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}>\dfrac{1}{b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)
=> ĐPCM
a) Ta có: \(a^2-1\le0;b^2-1\le0;c^2-1\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\le0\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\le1+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2-a^2b^2c^2\le1+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\) ( vì \(abc\ge0\) )
Có \(b-1\le0\Rightarrow a^2b\sqrt{b}\left(b-1\right)\le0\Rightarrow a^2b^2\le a^2b\sqrt{b}\)
Tương tự: \(\hept{\begin{cases}b^2c^2\le b^2c\sqrt{c}\\c^2a^2\le c^2a\sqrt{a}\end{cases}\Rightarrow dpcm}\)
1a) a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca + a2 + b2 + c2
= ( a2 + 2ab +b2 ) + ( a2 + 2ac + c2 ) + ( b2 + 2bc + c2 )
= ( a + b )2 + ( a + c )2 + ( b + c )2
1b) 2.( ac - ab - bc + b2 ) + 2.( bc - ba - ac + a2 ) + 2.( ba - bc - ca + c2 )
= 2ac - 2ab - 2bc + 2b2 + 2bc - 2ab - 2ac +2a2 + 2ab - 2bc - 2ac + 2c2
= 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc
= ( a2 - 2ab + b2 ) + (a2 - 2ac + c2 ) + (b2 - 2bc + c2 )
= (a-b)2 + (a-c)2 + (b-c)2
Ta có:
(a + b + c)2 = 0 => a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca) = 0
=> a2 + b2 + c2 = -2(ab + bc + ca)
=> (a2 + b2 + c2)2 = 4(ab + bc + ca)2
=> a4 + b4 + c4 + 2(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) = 4[a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 + 2(ab2c + bc2a + ca2b)
=> a4 + b4 + c4 = 2(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) + 8abc(a + b + c)
=> a4 + b4 + c4 = 2(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) (vì a + b + c = 0) (1)
Có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2ab^2c+2a^2bc+2abc^2\right)\\2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\left(2\right)\\a^4+b^4+c^4=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1); (2) và (3) ta có đpcm
1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)
\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\) (1)
áp dụng (x2 +y2 +z2)(m2+n2+p2) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)
(2a2bc +b2c2 + 2b2ac+a2c2 + 2c2ab+a2b2). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\) <=> (ab+bc+ca)2. VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\) ( vậy (1) đúng)
dấu '=' khi a=b=c
Ta có: \(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a-ab^2-bc^2-a^2c\)
\(=a^2\left(b-c\right)+a\left(c^2-b^2\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)\)
\(=\left(b-c\right)\left(a^2+bc\right)-a\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(b-c\right)\left(a^2+bc-ab-ac\right)\)
\(=\left(b-c\right)\left(a^2-ab-ac+bc\right)\)
\(=\left(b-c\right)\left\lbrack a\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)\right\rbrack=\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
Ta có: \(a^3\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^3\left(c^2-a^2\right)+c^3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\)
\(=a^3b^2-a^3c^2+b^3c^2-a^2b^3+c^3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\)
\(=a^2b^2\left(a-b\right)-c^2\left(a^3-b^3\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2b^2+c^3a+c^3b\right)-c^2\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2b^2+ac^3+bc^3-a^2c^2-abc^2-c^2b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left\lbrack a^2\left(b^2-c^2\right)+ac^2\left(c-b\right)+bc^2\left(c-b\right)\right\rbrack\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left\lbrack a^2\left(b+c\right)-ac^2-bc^2\right\rbrack\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left\lbrack a^2b+a^2c-ac^2-bc^2\right\rbrack=\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\cdot\left\lbrack b\left(a^2-c^2\right)+ac\left(a-c\right)\right\rbrack\)
=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)\(\left\lbrack b\left(a+c\right)+ac\right\rbrack\)
=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)(ab+bc+ac)
Ta có: \(C=\frac{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a-ab^2-bc^2-a^2c}{a^3\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^3\left(c^2-a^2\right)+c^3\left(a^2-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab+bc+ac}\)