BÀi 7:

a: \(A=1+2+2_{}^2+\cdots+2^{50}\)

=>\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+\cdots+2^{51}\)

=>2A-A=\(2+2^2+2^3+\cdots+2^{51}-1-2-2^2-\cdots-2^{50}\)

=>\(A=2^{51}-1\)

=>\(A+1=2^{51}\)

=>\(2^{n+1}=2^{51}\)

=>n+1=51

=>n=50

b: \(B=4+4^2+\cdots+4^{99}\)

=>\(4B=4^2+4^3+\cdots+4^{100}\)

=>4B-B=\(4^2+4^3+\cdots+4^{100}-4-4^2-\cdots-4^{99}\)

=>3B=\(4^{100}-4=\left(4^2\right)^{50}-4=16^{50}-4\)

=>\(3B<16^{50}\)

Bài 5:

a: \(27^{11}=\left(3^3\right)^{11}=3^{33};81^8=\left(3^4\right)^8=3^{32}\)

mà \(3^{33}>3^{32}\)

nên \(27^{11}>81^8\)

b: \(625^5=\left(5^4\right)^5=5^{20};125^7=\left(5^3\right)^7=5^{21}\)

mà \(5^{20}<5^{21}\)

nên \(625^5<125^7\)

c: \(5^{36}=\left(5^3\right)^{12}=125^{12};11^{24}=\left(11^2\right)^{12}=121^{12}\)

mà 125>121

nên \(5^{36}>11^{24}\)

d: \(6^{18}=\left(6^3\right)^6=216^6;9^{12}=\left(9^2\right)^6=81^6\)

mà 216>81

nên \(6^{18}>9^{12}\)

Bài 3:

a: \(1^3+2^3+3^3=1+8+27=36=6^2\)

b: \(1^3+2^3+3^3+4^3\)

=1+8+27+64

=100

\(=10^2\)

c: \(1^3+2^3+3^3+4^3+5^3\)

=1+8+27+64+125

=100+125

=225

\(=15^2\)

Quy luật: \(1^3+2^3+\cdots+n^3=\left(1+2+3+\cdots+n\right)^2\)

Bài 4:

a: \(x^3=1728\)

=>\(x^3=12^3\)

=>x=12

b: \(\left(x-3\right)^4=1296\)

=>\(\left(x-3\right)^4=6^4\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x-3=6\\ x-3=-6\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=9\left(nhận\right)\\ x=-3\left(loại\right)\end{array}\right.\)

c: \(\left(3x-1\right)^4=625\)

=>\(\left(3x-1\right)^4=5^4\)

mà 3x-1>=-1 với x∈N

nên 3x-1=5

=>3x=6

=>x=2(nhận)

d: \(x^2\cdot x^4=3^4\cdot9\)

=>\(x^6=3^4\cdot3^2=3^6\)

=>x=3(nhận) hoặc x=-3(loại)

e: \(3^{x-1}=27\)

=>\(3^{x-1}=3^3\)

=>x-1=3

=>x=4

f: \(5^{2x+2}=625\)

=>\(5^{2x+2}=5^4\)

=>2x+2=4

=>2x=2

=>x=1

g: \(8\cdot2^{3x-2}=1024\)

=>\(2^{3x-2}=\frac{1024}{8}=128=2^7\)

=>3x-2=7

=>3x=9

=>x=3

h: \(6^{5-2x}=36^3:6^3=6^3\)

=>5-2x=3

=>2x=5-3=2

=>x=1

Bài 6:

a: \(5^{6x+2}=25^{2x+8}\)

=>\(5^{6x+2}=\left(5^2\right)^{2x+8}=5^{4x+16}\)

=>6x+2=4x+16

=>2x=14

=>x=7

b: \(2^{x}+2^{x+3}=144\)

=>\(2^{x}+2^{x}\cdot8=144\)

=>\(9\cdot2^{x}=144\)

=>\(2^{x}=\frac{144}{9}=16=2^4\)

=>x=4

c: \(x^{2020}=x^{2021}\)

=>\(x^{2021}-x^{2020}=0\)

=>\(x^{2020}\left(x-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}x^{2020}=0\\ x-1=0\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=0\\ x=1\end{array}\right.\)

d: \(\left(2x-2\right)^3=\left(2x-2\right)^{12}\)

=>\(\left(2x-2\right)^{12}-\left(2x-2\right)^3=0\)

=>\(\left(2x-2\right)^3\cdot\left\lbrack\left(2x-2\right)^9-1\right\rbrack=0\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}2x-2=0\\ \left(2x-2\right)^9=1\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}2x-2=0\\ 2x-2=1\end{array}\right.\)

=>\(\left[\begin{array}{l}2x=2\\ 2x=3\end{array}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{l}x=1\left(nhận\right)\\ x=\frac32\left(loại\right)\end{array}\right.\)

e: \(3^{x}+3^{x+1}+3^{x+2}=1053\)

=>\(3^{x}\left(1+3+3^2\right)=1053\)

=>\(3^{x}=\frac{1053}{13}=81=3^4\)

=>x=4

f: \(3^{x+4}\cdot5^{y}=45^{x}\)

=>\(3^{2x}\cdot5^{x}=3^{x+4}\cdot5^{y}\)

=>2x=x+4 và x=y

=>x=4 và y=x

=>x=4 và y=x=4