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a) \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> nMg = 0,4 (mol)
=> mMg = 0,4.24 = 9,6 (g)
b) nMg = 0,4 (mol) => nX = 0,6 (mol)
mX = 33,6 - 9,6 = 24 (g)
=> \(M_X=\dfrac{24}{0,6}=40\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> X là Ca
c)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
\(m_{O_2}=49,6-33,6=16\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> VO2 = 0,5.22,4 = 11,2 (l)
=> Vkk = 11,2.5 = 56 (l)
a)\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,4mol\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,4mol\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=9,6g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_X=33,6-9,6=24g\)
b)Theo bài: \(\dfrac{n_{Mg}}{n_X}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,4}{n_X}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow n_X=0,6mol\)
\(\Rightarrow M_X=\dfrac{24}{0,6}=40\Rightarrow X:Ca\)
c)\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(x\) \(x\)
\(2Ca+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CaO\)
\(y\) \(y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+40y=33,6\\40x+56y=49,6\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ca}=0,2+0,3=0,5mol\)
\(m_{O_2}=0,5\cdot32=16g\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0,5\cdot22,4=56l\)
a) \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> nMg = 0,4 (mol)
=> mMg = 0,4.24 = 9,6 (g)
b)
Có: nMg : nX = 2 : 3
Mà nMg = 0,4 (mol)
=> nX = 0,6 (mol)
mX = 33,6 - 9,6 = 24 (g)
=> \(M_X=\dfrac{24}{0,6}=40\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> X là Ca
c)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
0,4->0,2
2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
0,6->0,3
=> \(m_{O_2}=\left(0,2+0,3\right).32=16\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=\left(0,2+0,3\right).22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
=> Vkk = 11,2.5 = 56 (l)
a) nMgO=1640=0,4(mol)nMgO=1640=0,4(mol)
=> nMg = 0,4 (mol)
=> mMg = 0,4.24 = 9,6 (g)
b Có: nMg : nX = 2 : 3
Mà nMg = 0,4 (mol)
=> nX = 0,6 (mol)
mX = 33,6 - 9,6 = 24 (g)
=> MX=240,6=40(g/mol)MX=240,6=40(g/mol)
=> X là Ca
c PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
0,4->0,2
2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
0,6->0,3
=> mO2=(0,2+0,3).32=16(g)mO2=(0,2+0,3).32=16(g)
VO2=(0,2+0,3).22,4=11,2(l)VO2=(0,2+0,3).22,4=11,2(l)
=> Vkk = 11,2.5 = 56 (l)
Gọi \(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\rightarrow n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1}{1}.a=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,3-a-a=0,3-2a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow65\left(0,3-2a\right)+56a+24a=13\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,13\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=n_{Mg}=0,13\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,3-0,13.2=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.0,13}{13}.100\%=56\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,13}{13}.100\%=24\%\\\%m_{Zn}=100\%-56\%-25\%=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
Theo pthh: nH2 = nkim loại = 0,3 (mol)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{80}{80}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 1 > 0,3 => CuO dư
Chất rắn sau pư gồm: CuO dư, Cu
Theo pthh: nCuO (pư) = nCu = nH2 = 0,3 (mol)
=> mchất rắn = 80,(1 - 0,3) + 64.0,3 = 75,2 (g)
\(m_{H_2} = m -(m-2,4) = 2,4(gam)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,4}{2} = 1,2(mol)\\ Gọi : n_{Mg} = a ;n_{Zn} = 2a;n_{Fe}= 3a(mol)\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} + n_{Zn} + n_{Fe} = a + 2a + 3a = 1,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a = 0,2;\\ \Rightarrow m = 0,2.24 + 0,2.2.65 + 0,2.3.56 = 64,4(gam)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=2a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=3a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(m_{t\text{ăng}}=m_{KL}-m_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m-m_{H_2}=m-2,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{H_2}=2,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,4}{2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
`Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl_2 + H_2`
`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2`
`Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
Theo PTHH:
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Zn}+n_{Fe}=a+2a+3a=6a\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow6a=1,2\Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,2.3=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(m=0,2.24+0,4.65+0,6.56=64,4\left(g\right)\)
$n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=n_X=0,3$
Mà $n_{Mg}:n_{Fe}=2:1$
$\to n_{Mg}=2n_{Fe}$
$\to 2n_{Fe}+n_{Fe}=0,3$
$\to n_{Fe}=0,1(mol)$
$\to n_{Mg}=0,2(mol)$
$\to m_{hỗn\,hợp}=0,2.24+0,1.56=10,4(g)$