5x² + 8xy + 5y² = 72

<=> 5x² + 10xy + 5y² - 2xy = 72

<=> 5(x² + 2xy + y²) - 2xy = 72

<=> 5(x + y)² - 2xy = 72

<=> -2xy = 72 - 5(x + y)²

A = x² + y² = (x + y)² - 2xy

= (x + y)² + 72 - 5(x + y)² 

= 72 - 4(x + y)²

(x + y)² > 0 => -4(x + y)² < 0

=> A < 72

dấu "=" xảy ra khi : x +  y = 0 <=> x = -y

a) \(A=\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)

\(A=2x^2+x-1\)

\(A=2\left(x^2+\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{2}\right)\)

\(A=2\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{4}+\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{16}\right]\)

\(A=2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{16}\right]\)

\(A=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{8}\ge\frac{-9}{8}\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{4}\)

Vậy A_min = -9/8 khi và chỉ khi x = -1/4

b) \(B=4x^2-4xy+2y^2+1\)

\(B=\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot y+y^2+y^2+1\)

\(B=\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2+1\ge1\forall x;y\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y=0\\y=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}}x=y=0\)

Vậy B_min = 1 khi và chỉ khi x = y = 0

a) \(A=7x^2-2x+1=7\left(x^2-\frac{2}{7}x+\frac{1}{7}\right)\)

\(=7\left(x^2+\frac{2}{7}x+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{6}{49}\right)\)

\(=7\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{7}\right)^2+\frac{6}{49}\right]=7\left(x+\frac{1}{7}\right)^2+\frac{6}{7}\ge\frac{6}{7}\)

Vậy \(A_{min}=\frac{6}{7}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{7}\)

\(B=x^3-y^3-3xy\left(x-y\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(7x-7y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2-3xy-x+y+7\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)+7\right]\)

\(=7\left(7^2-7+7\right)=7^3=343.\)

Học kĩ hằng đẳng thức là làm được em nhé :)

\(A=x^2-4xy+7y^2+10x-24y+30\\ =\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+10\left(x-y\right)+25+\left(3y^2-14y+\dfrac{49}{3}\right)-\dfrac{34}{3}\\ =\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+3\left(y-\dfrac{7}{3}\right)^2-\dfrac{34}{5}\)

Với mọi x;y thì \(\left(x-2y+5\right)^2\ge0;3\left(y-\dfrac{7}{3}\right)^2\ge0\)

Do đó:\(A\ge-\dfrac{34}{5}\)

Để \(A=-\dfrac{34}{5}\) thì:

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2y+5\right)^2=0\\\left(y-\dfrac{7}{3}\right)^2=0\\\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=-5\\y=\dfrac{7}{3}\\\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5+\dfrac{2.7}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\y=\dfrac{7}{3}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy...

Nguyễn Thị Hồng Nhung, Akai Haruma, Trần Hoàng Nghĩa, Trần Thiên Kim, Phạm Hoàng Giang, Nhật Hạ, DƯƠNG PHAN KHÁNH DƯƠNG, Toshiro Kiyoshi, Ribi Nkok Ngok, ...

Answer:

3.

\(x^2+2y^2+2xy+7x+7y+10=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+7x+7y+y^2+10=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+7.\left(x+y\right)+y^2+10=0\)

\(\Rightarrow4S^2+28S+4y^2+40=0\)

\(\Rightarrow4S^2+28S+49+4y^2-9=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2S+7\right)^2=9-4y^2\le9\left(1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow-3\le2S+7\le3\)

\(\Rightarrow-10\le2S\le-4\)

\(\Rightarrow-5\le S\le-2\left(2\right)\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi: \(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow y=0\)

Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của \(S=x+y=-5\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)

Vậy giá trị lớn nhất của \(S=x+y=-2\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=0\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)

\(M=x^2+y^2-xy-2x-2y+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow M=\left(\frac{1}{2}x^2-xy+\frac{1}{2}y^2\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}x^2-2x+2\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}y^2-2y+2\right)-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x-2\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y-2\right)^2-2\ge-2\)\(\forall\)\(x\)

"=" khi x=y=2

Vậy Min M là -2 khi x=y=2

\(M=x^2+y^2-xy-2x-2y+2\)

\(4M=4x^2+4y^2-4xy-8x-8y+8\)

\(4M=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+3y^2-8x-8y+8\)

\(4M=\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2-2\left(2x-y\right)\times2+4\right]+3y^2-12y+4\)

\(4M=\left(2x-y-2\right)^2+3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-8\)

\(4M=\left(2x-y-2\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2-8\)

\(\Rightarrow4M\ge-8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow M\ge-2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :