Bài 2: Để hệ có nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\frac{1}{a}<>\frac{a}{1}\)

=>\(a^2<>1\)

=>a∉{1;-1](1)

\(\begin{cases}ax+y=3a\\ x+ay=2a+1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}y=3a-ax\\ x+a\left(3a-ax\right)=2a+1\end{cases}\)

=>\(\begin{cases}y=3a-a\cdot x\\ x+3a^2-a^2\cdot x=2a+1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}y=3a-ax\\ x\left(1-a^2\right)=2a+1-3a^2\end{cases}\)

=>\(\begin{cases}x=\frac{-3a^2+2a+1}{1-a^2}=\frac{3a^2-2a-1}{a^2-1}=\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(3a+1\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)}=\frac{3a+1}{a+1}\\ y=3a-a\cdot\frac{3a+1}{a+1}=\frac{3a^2+3a-3a^2-a}{a+1}=\frac{2a}{a+1}\end{cases}\)

Để x,y nguyên thì \(\begin{cases}3a+1\vdots a+1\\ 2a\vdots a+1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}3a+3-2\vdots a+1\\ 2a+2-2\vdots a+1\end{cases}\)

=>-2⋮a+1

=>a+1∈{1;-1;2;-2}

=>a∈{0;-2;1;-3}

Kết hợp (1), ta có: a∈{0;-2;-3}

Bài 3:

ĐKXĐ: x>=y

\(\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{x-y}{3}}=14\\ \sqrt{\frac{x+y}{8}}-\sqrt{\frac{x-y}{12}}=3\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{x-y}{3}}=14\\ \frac12\left(\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{x-y}{3}}\right)=3\end{cases}\)

=>\(\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{x-y}{3}}=14\\ \sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}-\sqrt{\frac{x-y}{3}}=6\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{2}}=10\\ \sqrt{\frac{x-y}{3}}=4\end{cases}\)

=>\(\begin{cases}\frac{x+y}{2}=100\\ \frac{x-y}{3}=16\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x+y=200\\ x-y=48\end{cases}\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x=\frac{200+48}{2}=\frac{248}{2}=124\\ y=200-124=76\end{cases}\) (nhận)

 $m=0$

b) \(\sqrt{x^2}=\left|-8\right|\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=8\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(\sqrt{9x^2}=\left|-12\right|\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(3x\right)^2}=12\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|3x\right|=12\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=12\\3x=-12\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{12}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{12}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3>=0\\x+1>=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x>=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(x>=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\sqrt{2x-3}-\sqrt{x+1}=x-4\)

=>\(\dfrac{2x-3-x-1}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x+1}}-\left(x-4\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x-4\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{x+1}}-1\right)=0\)

=>x-4=0

=>x=4(nhận)

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