Gợi ý :

Bài 1 : Cộng thêm 1 vào 3 phân thức đầu, trừ cho 3 ở phân thức thứ 4, có nhân tử chung là (x+2020)

Bài 2 : Trừ mỗi phân thức cho 1, chuyển vế và có nhân tử chung là (x-2021)

Bài 3 : Phân thức thứ nhất trừ đi 1, phân thức hai trù đi 2, phân thức ba trừ đi 3, phân thức bốn trừ cho 4, phân thức 5 trừ cho 5. Có nhân tử chung là (x-100)

bài 3

\(\frac{x-90}{10}+\frac{x-76}{12}+\frac{x-58}{14}+\frac{x-36}{16}+\frac{x-15}{17}=15.\)

=>\(\frac{x-90}{10}-1+\frac{x-76}{12}-2+\frac{x-58}{14}-3+\frac{x-36}{16}-4+\frac{x-15}{17}-5=0\)

=>\(\frac{x-100}{10}+\frac{x-100}{12}+\frac{x-100}{14}+\frac{x-100}{16}+\frac{x-100}{17}=0\)

=>\(\left(x-100\right).\left(\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{17}\right)=0\)

=>(x-100)=0 do \(\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{17}\ne0\)

=> x=100

\(\sqrt{x-2016}+\sqrt{y-2017}+\sqrt{z-2018}+3024=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\sqrt{x-2016}+\sqrt{y-2017}+\sqrt{z-2018}+3024\right)=x+y+z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-2016}+2\sqrt{y-2017}+2\sqrt{z-2018}+6048=x+y+z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{x-2016}+y-2\sqrt{y-2017}+z-2\sqrt{z-2018}+6048=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-2016-2\sqrt{x-2016}+1+y-2017+2\sqrt{y-2017}+1+z-2018-2\sqrt{z-2018}+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2016}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2017}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-2018}-1\right)^2=0\)

\(ĐK:x\ge2016;y\ge2017;z\ge2018\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-2016}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-2017}-1=0\\\sqrt{z-2018}-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-2016}=1\\\sqrt{y-2017}=1\\\sqrt{z-2018}=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=2017\\y=2018\\z=2019\end{cases}}}\)

nhân đôi 2 vế rồi chuyển vế trái sang vế phải, ta có:

\(\left(\sqrt{x-2016}-1\right)^2\) + \(\left(\sqrt{y-2017}-1\right)^2\)

+ \(\left(\sqrt{z-2018}-1\right)^2\)

= 0

Well, it's ez, right? Hướng dẫn thôi nhé :> (*gớm, xài brain nhiều vào :V*)

a, ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{-1;3\right\}\)

\(\frac{x}{2x+2}-\frac{2x}{x^2-2x-3}=\frac{x}{6-2x}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{2\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{2x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\frac{x}{-2\left(x-3\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{x\left(x-3\right)-4x\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\frac{-x\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)}\Leftrightarrow...\)

Đến đây khử mẫu, giải PT và xét nghiệm với ĐKXĐ nhé (cứ thấy linh tinh với ĐKXĐ là cho outplay lun :>)

b, ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;3\right\}\)

\(\frac{5}{-x^2+5x-6}+\frac{x+3}{2-x}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{-5}{-\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{x+3}{2-x}=0\\\Leftrightarrow\frac{-5}{\left(2-x\right)\left(x-3\right)}=\frac{-\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(2-x\right)\left(x-3\right)}\Leftrightarrow...\)

c, ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{-2;1\right\}\)

\(\frac{3}{x^2+x-2}-\frac{1}{x-1}=\frac{-4}{x+2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\frac{1}{x-1}=\frac{-4}{x+2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{3-\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{-4\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\Leftrightarrow...\)

Thế thui, chúc bạn học tốt nha.

\(a)\dfrac{{x + 1}}{{x - 2}} - \dfrac{{x - 1}}{{x + 2}} = \dfrac{{2\left( {{x^2} + 2} \right)}}{{{x^2} - 4}}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{{\left( {x + 1} \right)\left( {x + 2} \right) - \left( {x - 1} \right)\left( {x - 2} \right)}}{{{x^2} - 4}} = \dfrac{{2\left( {{x^2} + 2} \right)}}{{{x^2} - 4}}\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} + 3x + 2 - \left( {{x^2} - 3x + 2} \right) = 2{x^2} + 4\\ \Leftrightarrow 6x = 2{x^2} + 4\\ \Leftrightarrow - 2{x^2} + 6x - 4 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 2{x^2} - 6x + 4 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - 3x + 2 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - 2x - x + 2 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left( {x - 2} \right) - \left( {x - 2} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {x - 1} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x - 2 = 0\\ x - 1 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = 2\left( {KTM} \right)\\ x = 1\left( {TM} \right) \end{array} \right. \)

Vậy \(x=1\)

\(b)\dfrac{{x - 1}}{{x + 2}} - \dfrac{x}{{x - 2}} = \dfrac{{5x - 2}}{{4 - {x^2}}} \)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm2\)

\( \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{{\left( {x - 1} \right)\left( {x - 2} \right) - x\left( {x + 2} \right)}}{{{x^2} - 4}} = \dfrac{{2 - 5x}}{{{x^2} - 4}}\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - 3x + 2 - {x^2} - 2x = 2 - 5x\\ \Leftrightarrow 0x = 0\left( {VSN} \right) \)

Vậy phương trình vô số nghiệm

\(c)\dfrac{{x - 2}}{{2 + x}} - \dfrac{3}{{x - 2}} = \dfrac{{2\left( {x - 11} \right)}}{{{x^2} - 4}}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm2\)

\( \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{{\left( {x - 2} \right)\left( {x - 2} \right) - 3\left( {x + 2} \right)}}{{{x^2} - 4}} = \dfrac{{2x - 22}}{{{x^2} - 4}}\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - 4x + 4 - 3x - 6 = 2x - 22\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - 9x + 20 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow {x^2} - 4x - 5x + 20 = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left( {x - 4} \right) - 5\left( {x - 4} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {x - 4} \right)\left( {x - 5} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x - 4 = 0\\ x - 5 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = 4\left( {TM} \right)\\ x = 5\left( {TM} \right) \end{array} \right. \)

Vậy \(x=4,x=5\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2018-x=a\\x-2019=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a+b=-1\Rightarrow b=-1-a\)

\(\frac{a^2+ab+b^2}{a^2-ab+b^2}=\frac{19}{49}\Leftrightarrow49\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)=19\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow15a^2+34ab+15b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5a+3b\right)\left(3a+5b\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5a=-3b\\3a=-5b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5a=-3\left(-1-a\right)\\3a=-5\left(-1-a\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2a=3\\2a=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{3}{2}\\a=-\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2018-x=\frac{3}{2}\\2018-x=-\frac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{4033}{2}\\x=\frac{4041}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\frac{x-1}{2018}+\frac{x-2}{2017}+\frac{x-3}{2016}+\frac{x-2043}{8}\)\(=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x-1}{2018}-1+\frac{x-2}{2017}-1+\frac{x-3}{2016}-1\)\(+\frac{x-2043}{8}+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x-1}{2018}-\frac{2018}{2018}+\frac{x-2}{2017}-\frac{2017}{2017}\)\(+\frac{x-3}{2016}-\frac{2016}{2016}+\frac{x-2043}{8}+\frac{24}{8}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x-2019}{2018}+\frac{x-2019}{2017}+\frac{x-2019}{2016}\)\(+\frac{x-2019}{8}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-2019\right).\left(\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{8}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x-2019=0\) ( Vì \(\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{8}\ne0\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=2019\)

Vậy phương trình có nghiệm là : \(x=2019\)

\(\frac{2-x}{2016}-1=\frac{1-x}{2017}+\frac{x}{2018}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2-x}{2016}-1=\frac{1-2018x}{4070306}+\frac{2017x}{4070306}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2-x}{2016}-1=\frac{1-2018x+2017x}{4070306}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2-x}{2016}-1=\frac{1-x}{4070306}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2-x}{2016}-1+1=\frac{1-x}{4070306}+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2-x}{2016}=\frac{1-x+4070306}{4070306}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2-x}{2016}=\frac{4070307-x}{4070306}\)

\(\Rightarrow4070306.\left(2-x\right)=2016.\left(4070307-x\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow8140612-4070306x=8205738912-2016x\)

\(\Rightarrow-4070306x+2016x=8205738912-8140612\)

\(\Rightarrow-4068290x=8197598300\)

\(\Rightarrow x=4,95\)

Vậy x=4,95

Chúc bn học tốt

Cộng 2 vế của phương trình với 2 ta có: \(\frac{2-x}{2016}+1=\left(\frac{1-x}{2017}+1\right)-\left(\frac{x}{2018}-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2018-x}{2016}=\frac{2018-x}{2017}-\frac{x-2018}{2018}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2018-x}{2016}=\frac{2018-x}{2017}+\frac{2018-x}{2018}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2018-x}{2016}-\frac{2018-x}{2017}-\frac{2018-x}{2018}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2018-x\right)\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}\right)=0\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}\ne0\)\(\Rightarrow2018-x=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=2018\)

Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{2018\right\}\)