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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CuO:a\\Fe2O3:2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.\(80a+320a=24\Leftrightarrow a=0.06\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CuO=0.06\\Fe2O3=0.12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CuO=4.8g\\Fe2O3=19.2g\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.\(CuO+H2\rightarrow Cu+H2O\)
a a a
\(Fe2O3+3H2\rightarrow2Fe+3H2O\)
2a 6a 4a
\(\Rightarrow V_{H2}=\left(a+6a\right)\times22.4=9.408l\)
c.nHCl = 0.2 mol
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl2+H2\)
0.1 0.2
m chất rắn còn lại = mCu + m Fe ban đầu - m Fe bị hòa tan
= \(a\times64+4a\times56-0.1\times56=11.68g\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\\ CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\\ Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=0,5a\left(mol\right)\\ m_{hhB}=17,6\\ \Leftrightarrow56a+64.0,5a=17,6\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2+0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ \Rightarrow ddC:FeCl_2,HCldư\\ n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,2.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
Có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}+n_{CO}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\\\dfrac{44.n_{CO_2}+28.n_{CO}}{n_{CO_2}+n_{CO}}=20.2=40\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO}=0,1\\n_{CO_2}=0,3\Rightarrow n_{CO\left(pư\right)}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mA + mCO(pư) = mB + mCO2
=> mA = 20,4 + 0,3.44 - 0,3.28 = 25,2(g)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=z\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 80x + 160y + 40z = 12 (1)
- Cho X pư với dd HCl.
PT: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}+6n_{Fe_2O_3}+2n_{MgO}=2x+6y+2z=0,45\left(2\right)\)
- Cho CO qua hh nung nóng.
Có: \(kx+ky+kz=0,175\)
PT: \(CuO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+CO_2\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3CO\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3CO_2\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=kx\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2ky\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 64kx + 56.2ky + 40kz = 10
Ta có: \(\dfrac{kx+ky+kz}{64kx+56.2ky+40kz}=\dfrac{0,175}{10}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z}{64x+112y+40z}=\dfrac{7}{400}\)
⇒ 6x + 48y - 15z = 0 (3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\left(mol\right)\\y=0,025\left(mol\right)\\z=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,025.160=4\left(g\right)\\m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
n CuO = a(mol) ; n MgO = b(mol) ; n Fe2O3 = c(mol)
=> 80a + 40b + 160c = 12(1)
CuO + 2HCl $\to$ CuCl2 + H2O
MgO + 2HCl $\to$ MgCl2 + H2O
Fe2O3 + 6HCl $\to$ 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
n HCl = 2a + 2b + 6c = 0,225.2 = 0,45(2)
Thí nghiệm 2 :
$CuO + CO \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
$Fe_2O_3 + 3CO \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3CO_2$
m chất rắn = 64a + 40b + 56.2c = 10(2)
Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra a = 0,05 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,025
%m CuO = 0,05.80/12 .100% = 33,33%
%m MgO = 0,1.40/12 .100% = 33,33%
%m Fe2O3 = 33,34%
b)
n BaCO3 = 14,775/197 = 0,075(mol) > n CO2 = n CuO + 3n Fe2O3 = 0,125
Do đó, kết tủa bị hòa tan một phần
Ba(OH)2 + CO2 → BaCO3 + H2O
0,075........0,075.......0,075.............(mol)
Ba(OH)2 + 2CO2 → Ba(HCO3)2
0,025..........0,05..............................(mol)
=> n Ba(OH)2 = 0,075 + 0,025 = 0,1(mol)
=> CM Ba(OH)2 = 0,1/0,5 = 0,2M