Ta có \(\frac{7}{12}=\frac{4}{12}+\frac{3}{12}=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{20}{60}+\frac{20}{80}\)

\(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{80}=\left(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)>\left(\frac{1}{60}+\frac{1}{60}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{80}+\frac{1}{80}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)=\frac{20}{60}+\frac{20}{80}=\frac{7}{12}\)Lại có \(\frac{5}{6}=\frac{2}{6}+\frac{3}{6}=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{20}{60}+\frac{20}{40}\)

\(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{80}=\left(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)< \left(\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{60}+\frac{1}{60}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)=\frac{20}{40}+\frac{20}{60}=\frac{5}{6}\)

Bài toán đã được chứng minh

a)

\(\frac{7x-3}{x-1}=\frac{2}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{21x-9}{3\cdot\left(x-1\right)}-\frac{2x-2}{3\cdot\left(x-1\right)}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow21x-9-2x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow19x-7=0\\ \Rightarrow x=\frac{7}{19}\)

Vậy \(x=\left\{\frac{7}{19}\right\}\) là nghiệm của phương trình.

b)

\(\frac{1}{x-2}+3=\frac{3-x}{x-2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x-2}+\frac{3x-6}{x-2}-\frac{3-x}{x-2}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow1+3x-6-3+x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-8=0\\ \Rightarrow x=\frac{8}{4}=2\)

Mà \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne2\\ \Rightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

Hay phương trình vô nghiệm.

c)

\(\frac{8-x}{x-7}-8=\frac{1}{x-7}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{8-x}{x-7}-\frac{8x-56}{x-7}-\frac{1}{x-7}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow8-x-8x+56-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow63-9x=0\\ \Rightarrow x=\frac{63}{9}=7\)

Mà \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne7\\ \Rightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

Hay phương trình vô nghiệm.

d)

\(\frac{x+5}{x-5}-\frac{x-5}{x+5}=\frac{20}{x^2-25}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+5\right)^2}{x^2-25}-\frac{\left(x-5\right)^2}{x^2-25}-\frac{20}{x^2-25}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)^2-\left(x-5\right)^2-20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+10x+25-x^2+10x-25-20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow20x-20=0\\ \Rightarrow x=1\)

Vậy \(x=1\) là nghiệm của phương trình.

e)

\(\frac{x}{2\cdot\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{x}{2\cdot\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{2x}{\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-3\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+x}{2\cdot\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{x^2-3x}{2\cdot\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-3\right)}-\frac{4x}{2\cdot\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-3\right)}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+x+x^2-3x-4x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-6x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x\cdot\left(x-3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mà \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne\left\{-1;3\right\}\\ \Rightarrow x=0\)

Vật \(x=0\) là nghiệm của phương trình.

f)

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x+10}=\frac{1}{12}\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{12x+120}{12x\cdot\left(x+10\right)}+\frac{12x}{12x\cdot\left(x+10\right)}-\frac{x^2+10x}{12x\cdot\left(x+10\right)}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow12x+120+12x-x^2-10x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow14x+120-x^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-14x-120=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+6x-20x-120=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\cdot\left(x+6\right)-20\cdot\left(x+6\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-20\right)\cdot\left(x+6\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-20=0\\x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=20\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x=\left\{20;-6\right\}\) là ngiệm của phương trình.

_Appreciate:

\(3^2=2.4+1\)

\(5^2=4.6+1\)

...

\(\left(2n+1\right)^2=2n\left(2n+2\right)+1\)

_Solution:

\(A=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{7^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}< \frac{1}{3^2-1}+\frac{1}{5^2-1}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2-1}\)

\(A< \frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{4.6}+...+\frac{1}{2n.\left(2n+2\right)}\)\(A< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2n}-\frac{1}{2n+2}\right)\)

\(A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2n+2}\right)=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2.\left(2n+2\right)}< \frac{1}{4}\) (proof)

Ta có:

\(\left(a+b-c\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2ac+2bc-2ab\)

Mà \(a^2+b^2+c^2=\frac{5}{3}< 2\)

\(\Rightarrow2ac+2bc-2ab< 2\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}< \frac{1}{abc}\)

a) 2 +4+6+8+...+2018

= ( 2018+2) x 1009 : 2

= 2020 x 1009 : 2

= 1009 x (2020:2)

= 1009 x 1010

= 1 019 090

b) S = 10 + 10² + 10³ + ...+ 10¹⁰⁰

=> 10.S = 10² + 10³ + 10⁴ +...+ 10¹⁰¹

=> 10.S - S = 10¹⁰¹-10

9.S=10¹⁰¹- 10

\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{10^{101}-10}{9}\)

c) \(S=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{100}}\)

\(\Rightarrow5S=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)

\(5S-S=1-\frac{1}{5^{100}}\)

\(4S=1-\frac{1}{5^{100}}\)

\(S=\frac{1-\frac{1}{5^{100}}}{4}\)

e cx ko nx, e ms hok lp 7 thoy, sang hè ms lp 8! e sr cj nhiều nha!

d) \(S=\frac{1!}{3!}+\frac{2!}{4!}+\frac{3!}{5!}+...+\frac{2018!}{2020!}\)

\(S=\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1.2}{1.2.3.4}+\frac{1.2.3}{1.2.3.4.5}+...+\frac{1.2.3...2018}{1.2.3...2020}\)

\(S=\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)

\(S=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\)

\(S=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2020}\)

\(S=\frac{1009}{2020}\)

\(\frac{1}{3^3}< \frac{1}{2.3.4}\) \(\frac{1}{4^3}< \frac{1}{3.4.5}\) \(\frac{1}{5^3}< \frac{1}{4.5.6}\) .....  \(\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+\frac{1}{4.5.6}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{2.3.4}+\frac{2}{3.4.5}+\frac{2}{4.5.6}+...+\frac{2}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{4-2}{2.3.4}+\frac{5-3}{3.4.5}+\frac{6-4}{4.5.6}+...+\frac{\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{4.5}-\frac{1}{5.6}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)=\frac{1}{12}-\frac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}< \frac{1}{12}\)