Làm tương tự bài : Câu hỏi của Hoàng Nguyễn Quỳnh Khanh - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath

ta tính riêng từng biểu thức:

\(A^2=\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)^2=\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{y^2}+2\)

\(B^2=\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)^2=\frac{z^2}{x^2}+\frac{x^2}{z^2}+2\)

\(C^2=\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)^2=\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}+2\)

cộng lại ta có:

\(A^2+B^2+C^2=\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\right)+\left(\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{y^2}\right)+\left(\frac{z^2}{x^2}+\frac{x^2}{z^2}\right)+6\)

\(A\cdot B\cdot C=\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\)

\(A\cdot B\cdot C=\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{xy}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{xy}+\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\)

\(A\cdot B\cdot C=\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\right)+\left(\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{y^2}\right)+\left(\frac{z^2}{x^2}+\frac{x^2}{z^2}\right)+2\)

trừ \(A^2+B^2+C^2\) cho \(A\cdot B\cdot C\)

= 6-2

=4

1 bai thoi cung dc

a) đề thiếu òi bạn à            

Bài 1:

\(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x-2}=\frac{A\left(x-2\right)+B\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{Ax-2A+Bx-B}{x^2-3x+2}=\frac{\left(A+B\right)x-\left(2A+B\right)}{x^2-3x+2}\)

so sách với tử số vừa tìm dc với đề bài:

=> A+B=1

2A+B=-2

=>(2A+B)-(A+B)=-2-1

A=-3

=> B=1+3=4

b) sửa đề \(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}\)

=> \(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}=\frac{A\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(Bx+C\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{Ax^2+A+Bx^2-Bx+Cx-C}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\frac{\left(A+B\right)x^2+\left(C-B\right)x+\left(A-C\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)

so sánh với tử số bên cạnh là \(x^2+2x-1\)

=>\(A+B=1\)

\(C-B=2\)

\(A-C=-1\)

=> \(A=1,B=0,C=2\)

bài 2:

quy đồng hai hạng tử đầu tiên:

=> \(\frac{x}{1-x^2}+\frac{y}{1-y^2}=\frac{x\left(1-y^2\right)+y\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(1-xy\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}\)

từ xy+yz+xz=1=> 1-xy=z(x+y) thay vào biểu thức vừa tìm dc ta có:

\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}\)

\(VT=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}+\frac{z}{1-z^2}=z\left\lbrace\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(1-z^2\right)+\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}\right)\)

ta có:

\(\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+1-x^2-y^2+x^2y^2\)

=\(\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+1-x^2-y^2+x^2y^2\)

=\(\left(1+xy\right)^2-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(1+xy-xz-yz\right)\left(1+xy+xz+yz\right)\)

=\(4xy\)

thay vào biểu thức ban đầu:

\(z\cdot\frac{4xy}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}=\frac{4xyz}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)

bài 3:

xếp hạng tổng k của dãy số:

\(a_{k}=\frac{k}{k^4+k+1}\)

=> \(a_{k}=\frac12\left\lbrace\frac{\left(k^2+k+1\right)-\left(k^2-k+1\right)}{\left(k^2-k+1\right)\left(k^2+k+1\right)}\right\rbrace=\frac12\left(\frac{1}{k^2-k+1}-\frac{1}{k^2+k+1}\right)\)

thay k=1,2,3,4,...,n)

=> \(S=\frac12\left\lbrace\left(\frac11-\frac13\right)+\left(\frac13-\frac17\right)+\cdots+\left(\frac{1}{n^2-n+1}-\right.\frac{1}{n^2+n+1}\right)\) S=\(\frac12\left(1-\frac{1}{n^2+n+1}\right)\)

\(S=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2+n+1\right)}\)

\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{bc+ab+ac}{abc}=2\)

\(\frac{bc+ab+ac}{a+b+c}=2\Leftrightarrow bc+ab+ac=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{ac}\)( * )

Để \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=2\)thì \(2\left(\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=2\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}=1\)

\(\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}=\frac{a^2bc+bac^2+ab^2c}{\left(abc\right)^2}=\frac{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(abc\right)^2}=\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\)

mà a + b + c = abc \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{ac}=\frac{abc}{abc}=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{ac}=2\)

thay \(\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{ac}=2\) vào ( * ) ta được \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=4-2=2\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(\text{Ta có: }\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}=\frac{bc.ac+ab.ac+ab.bc}{ab.bc.ac}\)

\(=\frac{abc.\left(a+b+c\right)}{a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=1\left(\text{vì }a+b+c=abc\right)\)

\(\text{Lại có: }\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=4-2.\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=2\text{ vì }\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}=1\text{ từ}\left(1\right)\)

Vậy ...

\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge6\)

=> \(-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le-6\)

=> \(-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le-6.\frac{3}{2}\)

=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)

=> \(1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1\ge9\)

=> \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge6\)(1)

Dễ thấy \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)(với a,b > 0)

=> (1) đúng 

=> BĐTđược chứng minh

b)Đặt  \(A=a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).

\(A=4\left(a+b+c\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\).

\(A=\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\).

Vì \(a>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 2 số dương, ta được:

\(4a+\frac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{4.a.\frac{1}{a}}=4\left(1\right)\).

Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow4a=\frac{1}{a}\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\).

 Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:

\(4b+\frac{1}{b}\ge4\left(b>0\right)\left(2\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{1}{2}\).

Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:

\(4c+\frac{1}{c}\ge4\left(c>0\right)\left(3\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow c=\frac{1}{2}\).

Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:

\(\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge4+4+4=12\).

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\)\(12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\).

\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\left(4\right)\).

Mặt khác, ta có: \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\).

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)\le\frac{9}{2}\).

\(\Rightarrow-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge-\frac{9}{2}\).

\(\Leftrightarrow12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{15}{2}\left(5\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=\frac{3}{2}\).

Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:

\(A\ge\frac{15}{2}\).

Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\).

Vậy với \(a,b,c>0\)và \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\)thì \(a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{15}{2}\).