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Lời giải :
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}+\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}\ge1-\frac{1}{1+b}+1-\frac{1}{1+c}+1-\frac{1}{1+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\) ( Cô-si )
Chứng minh tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\); \(\frac{1}{1+c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\);
\(\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân theo vế 4 BĐT ta được :
\(\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3b^3c^3d^3}{\left(a+1\right)^3\left(b+1\right)^3\left(c+1\right)^3\left(d+1\right)^3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\ge81\cdot\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge81\cdot abcd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}+\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge1-\frac{1}{b+1}+1-\frac{1}{c+1}+1-\frac{1}{d+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương:
\(\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân theo vế ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge\frac{81abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge81abcd\Leftrightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Vậy \(abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\) (Đpcm)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\le1-\frac{d}{d+1}=\frac{1}{d+1}\\\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\le1-\frac{a}{a+1}=\frac{1}{a+1}\\\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\le1-\frac{b}{b+1}=\frac{1}{b+1}\\\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\le1-\frac{c}{c+1}=\frac{1}{c+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{d+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\\\frac{1}{a+1}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\\\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\\\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhân từng vế:
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3b^3c^3d^3}{\left(a+1\right)^3\left(b+1\right)^3\left(c+1\right)^3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge\frac{81abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge81abcd\)
Vậy \(abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\left(đpcm\right)\)
p/s : lí do tớ tự trả lời câu hỏi của mình là để coi câu trả lời của mình có đúng hay ko thôi nha , mong các bạn đứng có hiểu lầm , nếu bạn nào có cách nào nhanh và gọn hơn thì phiền các bạn chỉ dùm luôn nha.
Ẹt số xui đưa link cũng bị duyệt
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{d+1}=1-\frac{d}{d+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\). TƯơng tự cho 3 BĐT còn lại
\(\frac{1}{a+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}};\frac{1}{b+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}};\frac{1}{c+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
Nhân theo vế 4 BDT trên ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\right)^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge\frac{81abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\)
Hay ta có ĐPCM
Bài 1.
A = 1/(a + 1) + 1/(b + 1) + 1/(c + 1) + 1/(d + 1) ≥ 3
→ 1/(a + 1) ≥ 1 - 1/(b + 1) + 1 - 1/(c + 1) + 1 - 1/(d + 1)
→ 1/(a + 1) ≥ b/(b + 1) + c/(c + 1) + d/(d + 1)
áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương:
b/(b + 1) + c/(c + 1) + d/(d + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(bcd)/[(b + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)]
→ 1/(a + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(bcd)/[(b + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)] tương tự
1/(b + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(acd)/[(a + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)]
1/(c + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(abd)/[(a + 1)(b + 1)(d + 1)]
1/(d + 1) ≥ 3 ³√(abc)/[(a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1)]
nhân theo vế → 1/[(a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)] ≥ 81abcd/[(a + 1)(b + 1)(c + 1)(d + 1)]
→ 1 ≥ 81abcd → abcd ≤ 1/81
TK NHA
Áp dụng BDT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}\ge1-\frac{1}{b+1}+1-\frac{1}{c+1}+1-\frac{1}{d+1}\)
\(=\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự cho các BĐT còn lại cũng có:
\(\frac{1}{b+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{d+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân theo vế 4 BĐT trên ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\right)^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Gọi cái vế trái của BĐT cần c/m là P
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si dạng \(\frac{1}{a+b+c+x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) a = b = c = x = y = z
và \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) a = b = c = x = y = z
Ta có \(\frac{1}{10a+b+c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+\left(a+a\right)+\left(a+a\right)+\left(a+a\right)+\left(a+a\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}+4.\frac{1}{a+a}\right)\le\frac{1}{36}\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{2}{a}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{36}\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{2}{a}\right]\) (1)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{10b+c+a}\le\frac{1}{36}\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\frac{2}{b}\right]\) (2)
và \(\frac{1}{10c+a+b}\le\frac{1}{36}\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{2}{c}\right]\) (3)
Cộng (1), (2), (3) vế theo vế ta được
\(P\le\frac{1}{36}\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\right]=...=\frac{1}{12}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Kết hợp \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\le\frac{1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}{6}\) (theo đề bài) và BĐT \(xy+yz+zx\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Ta có \(P^2\le\frac{1}{144}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=\frac{1}{144}\left[\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\right]\)
\(\le\frac{1}{144}\left(\frac{1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}{6}+\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\right)\)
Suy ra \(P^2\le\frac{1}{144}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\le\frac{1}{144}\left(\frac{1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}{6}+\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\right)\)
Đặt \(t=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\) thì \(\frac{1}{144}t^2\le\frac{1}{144}\left(\frac{1+t}{6}+\frac{2t^2}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2t^2-t-1\le0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{-1}{2}\le t\le1\)
Do đó \(P^2\le\frac{1}{144}t^2\le\frac{1}{144}.1^2=\frac{1}{144}\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(P\le\frac{1}{12}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(a=b=c=3\)
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel:
\(VT=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a =b = c
b)Tương tự câu a
c)\(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c+d}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c+d\right)}}\ge\frac{2a}{a+b+c+d}\)
Tương tự 3 BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế ta được \(VT\ge2\)
Nhưng dấu "=" không xảy ra nên ta có đpcm.
d) Chưa nghĩ ra.
Bài 2:
a) Đề thiếu (or sai hay sao ý)
d, Với a,b >0.Áp dụng bđt svac-xơ có:
\(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{3}{a}+\frac{2}{2b}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{a+2b}=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{a+2b}>\frac{\sqrt{24}+2\sqrt{6}}{a+2b}\)
=> \(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{1}{b}>\frac{4\sqrt{6}}{a+2b}\)
Từ giả thiết => \(\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\le1-\frac{a}{a+1}=\frac{1}{a+1}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương : \(\frac{1}{a+1}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\). Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{b+1}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+1}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{d+1}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)
Nhân từ 4 bđt: \(1\ge81abcd\Rightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)