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a)Ta có: \(\frac{3}{1.4}=\frac{4-1}{1.4}=1-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{3}{4.7}=\frac{7-4}{4.7}=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{7}\)
... . . . .
\(\frac{3}{n\left(n+3\right)}=\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=1-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{7}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+3}< 1^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
b) Ta có: \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{2}{5}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{2}{5}< S\) (1)
Ta lại có: \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}\)
Từ đó suy ra S < 8/9
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra đpcm
a) \(A=\frac{4}{3}+\frac{7}{3^2}+\frac{10}{3^3}+...+\frac{301}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=4+\frac{7}{3}+\frac{10}{3^2}+...+\frac{301}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A-A=\left(4+\frac{7}{3}+\frac{10}{3^2}+...+\frac{301}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{4}{3}+\frac{7}{3^2}+...+\frac{301}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=4+1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{301}{3^{100}}\)
Đặt \(F=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3F=3+1+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3F-F=\left(3+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}\right)-\left(1+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2F=3-\frac{1}{3^{98}}< 3\)
\(\Rightarrow F< \frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A< 4+\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A< \frac{11}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{11}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
2. \(B=\frac{11}{3}+\frac{17}{3^2}+\frac{23}{3^3}+...+\frac{605}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=11+\frac{17}{3}+\frac{23}{3^2}+...+\frac{605}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B-B=\left(11+...+\frac{605}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{11}{3}+...+\frac{605}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=11+2+\frac{2}{3}+...+\frac{2}{3^{98}}-\frac{605}{3^{100}}\)
Đặt \(D=2+\frac{2}{3}+...+\frac{2}{3^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=6+2+...+\frac{2}{3^{97}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=6-\frac{2}{3^{98}}< 6\)( làm tắt )
\(\Rightarrow2D< 6\)
\(\Rightarrow D< 3\)
\(\Rightarrow2B< 11+3\)
\(\Rightarrow2B< 14\)
\(\Rightarrow B< 7\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đặt A=\(\frac{7}{3}+\frac{11}{3^2}+\frac{15}{3^3}+\frac{19}{3^4}+...+\frac{2015}{3^{503}}+\frac{2019}{3^{504}}\)
3A=\(7+\frac{11}{3}+\frac{15}{3^2}+\frac{19}{3^3}+...+\frac{2015}{3^{502}}+\frac{2019}{5^{503}}\)
=> 3A-A=(\(7+\frac{11}{3}+\frac{15}{3^2}+\frac{19}{3^3}+...+\frac{2015}{3^{502}}+\frac{2019}{5^{503}}\))-(\(\frac{7}{3}+\frac{11}{3^2}+\frac{15}{3^3}+\frac{19}{3^4}+...+\frac{2015}{3^{503}}+\frac{2019}{3^{504}}\))
2A=\(7+\left(\frac{11}{3}-\frac{7}{3}\right)+\left(\frac{15}{3^2}-\frac{11}{3^2}\right)+\left(\frac{19}{3^3}-\frac{15}{3^3}\right)+...+\left(\frac{2019}{3^{503}}-\frac{2015}{3^{503}}\right)-\frac{2019}{3^{504}}\)
2A=\(7+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{4}{3^2}+\frac{4}{3^3}+...+\frac{4}{3^{503}}-\frac{2019}{3^{504}}\)
=> A=\(\frac{7}{2}+2\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{503}}\right)-\frac{2019}{2.3^{504}}\)
Em làm tiếp Xét
B=\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{503}}\)
3B=\(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{502}}\)
=> 3B-B=\(1-\frac{1}{3^{503}}\)
=> B=\(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{503}}\)
=> A=\(\frac{7}{2}+2\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{503}}\right)-\frac{2019}{2.3^{504}}=\frac{9}{2}-\frac{1}{3^{503}}-\frac{2019}{2.3^{504}}< \frac{9}{2}\)
\(M=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{2}{3^3}+...+\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3M=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+...+\frac{10}{3^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3M-M=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{2}{3^3}+...+\frac{10}{3^{10}}-\frac{9}{3^{10}}-\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2M=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{10}}-\frac{10}{3^{11}}=A-\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^9}+\frac{1}{3^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^9}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A-A=1-\frac{1}{3^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1-\frac{1}{3^{10}}\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{10}}\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2M=A-\frac{10}{3^{11}}< A< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{4}\)
a) \(\frac{4}{11}-\frac{7}{15}+\frac{7}{11}-\frac{5}{15}\)
\(=\left(\frac{4}{11}+\frac{7}{11}\right)-\left(\frac{7}{15}+\frac{5}{15}\right)\)
\(=1-\frac{4}{5}\)
\(=\frac{1}{5}\)
b) \(\frac{7}{3}-\frac{4}{9}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{5}{9}\)
\(=\left(\frac{7}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)-\left(\frac{4}{9}+\frac{5}{9}\right)\)
\(=2-1\)
\(=1\)
c) \(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{7}{33}-\frac{5}{3}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{4}+\frac{-16}{11}\)
\(=\frac{-75}{44}\)
d) \(\frac{-3}{4}\times\frac{8}{11}-\frac{3}{11}\times\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=\frac{-6}{11}-\frac{3}{22}\)
\(=\frac{15}{22}\)
e) \(\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{63}+\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{143}+\frac{1}{195}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3\times5}+\frac{1}{5\times7}+\frac{1}{7\times9}+\frac{1}{9\times11}+\frac{1}{11\times13}+\frac{1}{13\times15}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{11}-\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{13}-\frac{1}{15}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{15}\)
\(=\frac{4}{15}\)