\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

a, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.24,79=3,7185\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{25\%}=43,8\left(g\right)\)

c, PT: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{2,5}=0,06\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

a, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.24,79=3,7185\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{25\%}=43,8\left(g\right)\)

c, \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{2,5}=0,06\left(l\right)\)

PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{9,75}{65}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnCl_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\m_{ZnCl_2}=0,15\cdot136=20,4\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

bạn tính sai mol của HCl rồi nhé :))

Bài 5.

Phương trình phản ứng:

$Mg + 2HCl \rightarrow MgCl_2 + H_2 \uparrow$

Số mol magie:

$n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\text{ mol}$

Theo phương trình:

$1$ mol $Mg \rightarrow 1$ mol $H_2$
$1$ mol $Mg \rightarrow 1$ mol $MgCl_2$
$1$ mol $Mg \rightarrow 2$ mol $HCl$

$n_{H_2}=0,2\text{ mol}$

Thể tích khí ở đkc:

$V_{H_2}=0,2\times22,4$$=4,48\text{ lít}$

$n_{HCl}=0,2\times2=0,4\text{ mol}$

Dung dịch $HCl$ có nồng độ $2M$ nên:

$V=\dfrac{n}{C}$$=\dfrac{0,4}{2}$$=0,2\text{ lít}$$=200\text{ ml}$

$n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\text{ mol}$

Khối lượng mol:

$M_{MgCl_2}=24+35,5\times2$$=95\text{ g/mol}$

Khối lượng muối:

$m=0,2\times95$$=19\text{ g}$

Bài 6.

Phương trình phản ứng:

$\mathrm{H_2SO_4 + 2KOH \rightarrow K_2SO_4 + 2H_2O}$

Số mol $H_2SO_4$:

$n_{H_2SO_4}=CM \times V$$=1,5 \times 0,1$$=0,15\text{ mol}$

Theo phương trình:

$1$ mol $H_2SO_4 \rightarrow 2$ mol $KOH$

Nên:$n_{KOH}=0,15 \times 2=0,3\text{ mol}$

Ta có: $V=\dfrac{n}{CM}$$=\dfrac{0,3}{2}$$=0,15\text{ lít}$$=150\text{ ml}$

Theo phương trình:

$1$ mol $H_2SO_4 \rightarrow 1$ mol $K_2SO_4$

Nên: $n_{K_2SO_4}=0,15\text{ mol}$

Khối lượng mol:

$M_{K_2SO_4}=39\times2+32+16\times4$$=174\text{ g/mol}$

Khối lượng muối:

$m=0,15\times174$$=26,1\text{ g}$

Thể tích dung dịch sau phản ứng:

$100 + 150 = 250\text{ ml}$$=0,25\text{ lít}$

Nồng độ mol của dung dịch muối:

$CM=\dfrac{0,15}{0,25}$$=0,6M$

Ở đkc, 1 mol khí chiếm thể tích 24,79 lít

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=24,79\cdot0,2=4,958\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     0,2     0,4                     0,2

\(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100\%}{20\%}=73\left(g\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(25^oC,1bar\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

Bài 9 : 

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05--->0,1-------->0,05 

a) \(C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

b) \(m_{CuCl2}=0,05.135=6,75\left(g\right)\)

c) \(C_{MCuCl2}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}0,5\left(M\right)\)

Câu 10 : 

\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{3,6}{72}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\)

0,05-->0,1------->0,05

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{10\%}100\%=36,5\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=3,6+36,5=40,1\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.127}{40,1}.100\%=15,84\%\)