Áp dụng : x + y + z = 0 suy ra x³ + y³ + z³ = 3xyz

1/a + 1/2b + 1/3c = 0 = >... rồi biến đổi nhé

P= abc(\(\frac{1}{^{a^3}}\)+\(\frac{1}{b^3}\)+\(\frac{1}{c^3}\)) = abc[(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\))³+\(\frac{1}{c^3}\)-\(\frac{3}{a^2b}\)-\(\frac{3}{ab^2}\)]=abc[(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\)+\(\frac{1}{c}\))(....)- \(\frac{3}{a^2b}\)-\(\frac{3}{ab^2}\)]

=abc.(- \(\frac{3}{a^2b}\)-\(\frac{3}{ab^2}\)) =-3(\(\frac{c}{a}\)+\(\frac{c}{b}\)) = -3c(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\)) = -3c.\(\frac{-1}{c}\)=3

P = 3

Đầu tiên,bạn cần chứng minh x + y + z = 0 thì x³ + y³ + z³ = 3xyz ( Bạn ko biết c/m thì hỏi nhé)

Thay\(x=\frac{1}{a};y=\frac{1}{b};z=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=3.\frac{1}{a}.\frac{1}{b}.\frac{1}{c}=\frac{3}{abc}\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{ab}{c^2}+\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}=\frac{abc}{c^3}+\frac{abc}{a^3}+\frac{abc}{b^3}=abc\left(\frac{1}{c^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\right)=abc.\frac{3}{abc}=3\)

bài này lớp 8 học rồi nhé , bạn đặt đúng lớp ạ

Ta có : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1< =>\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=1\)

\(< =>\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}=1\)

\(< =>\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}-\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{1}{a^2}+1=1\)

\(< =>\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}\right)+\left(\frac{2}{bc}-\frac{2}{bc}\right)+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{ca}=1-1=0\)

\(< =>\frac{2}{a^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ca}=0< =>\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2=0\)

\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}=0\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=0\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{c}=-\frac{1}{a}\\\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{a}\end{cases}}< =>b=c=-a}\)(*)

Thế (*) và giả thiết \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1< =>\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{-a}+\frac{1}{-a}=1\)

\(< =>\frac{1-1-1}{a}=1< =>-\frac{1}{a}=1< =>a=-1\)

Khi đó ta được \(b=c=-\left(-1\right)=1< =>\hept{\begin{cases}a=-1\\b=1\\c=1\end{cases}}\)

Nên \(P=\left(a-2b+4c\right)^{2019}=\left(-1-2+4\right)^{2019}=1^{2019}=1\)

1. Vai trò a, b, c như nhau. Không mất tính tổng quát. Giả sử \(a\ge b\ge0\)

Mà \(ab+bc+ca=3\). Do đó \(ab\ge1\)

Ta cần chứng minh rằng \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+ab}\left(1\right)\)

Và \(\frac{2}{1+ab}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)

Thật vậy: \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(ab-a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)+\left(ab-b^2\right)\left(1+a^2\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left[-a\left(1+b^2\right)+b\left(1+a^2\right)\right]\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(ab-1\right)\ge0\left(BĐT:đúng\right)\)

\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow c^2+3-ab\ge3abc^2\\ \Leftrightarrow c^2+ca+bc\ge3abc^2\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge3abc\)

BĐT đúng, vì \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2>3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=q\)

và \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\)

Nên \(a+b+c\ge3\ge3abc\)

Từ (1) và (2) ta có \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu ''='' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dạng \(\frac{9}{x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\), ta được

\(\frac{9}{a+3b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+c+b+c+2b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2b}\right)\)

Do đó ta được

\(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}\le\frac{ab}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2b}\right)=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{a}{2}\right)\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự ta được

\(\frac{bc}{2a+b+3c}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{b}{2}\right);\frac{ac}{3a+2b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ac}{a+b}+\frac{ac}{b+c}+\frac{c}{2}\right)\)

Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên ta được

\(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}+\frac{bc}{b+3c+2a}+\frac{ca}{c+3a+2b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ac+bc}{a+b}+\frac{ab+ac}{b+c}+\frac{bc+ab}{a+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{6}\)Vậy BĐT đc CM

ĐẲng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c >0

18. Ta có : \(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\Rightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)

\(\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{xy}{ab}+\frac{yz}{bc}+\frac{xz}{ac}\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+2xyz\left(\frac{1}{abz}+\frac{1}{xbc}+\frac{1}{acy}\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+2xyz\left(\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abcxyz}\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=1\)

19. Nhân cả hai vế của đẳng thức giả thiết với \(\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{a-b}\)được 

\(\left(\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}\right)\left(\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{a-b}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{a+b}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{b+c}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c+a}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}=0\)

Ta có ;

 \(\frac{a+b}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{b+c}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c+a}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(b-c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)\(=\frac{a^2-b^2+b^2-c^2+c^2-a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=0\)

3.

\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(4a^2+4ab+b^2\right)\)

\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(2a+b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}\ge2a+b\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}\le\frac{1}{2a+b}\)

Tương tự \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+2c^2}}\le\frac{1}{2b+c};\frac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ca+2a^2}}\le\frac{1}{2c+a}\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+a}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}.\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow MaxP=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)