Để hoà tan hoàn toàn 20 gam hỗn hợp Fe₂O₃ và CuO (tỷ lệ mol tương ứng 1:4) cần vừa đủ V ml dung dịch chứa đồng thời HCl 1M và H₂SO₄ 0,5M, sau phản ứng thu được dung dịch X chứa m gam muối. Tính giá trị của V và m?

a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{20}.100\%=32,5\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=67,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, Ta có: m_Al2O3 = 20 - 0,1.65 = 13,5 (g)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{13,5}{102}=\dfrac{9}{68}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{169}{170}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{169}{170}}{1}\approx0,994\left(l\right)\)

d, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{9}{34}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{9}{34}.133,5\approx35,34\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 65x + 27y = 17,05 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{9,52}{22,4}=0,425\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,425\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,15.27=4,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd HCl} = 1,05.500 = 525 (g)

m _{dd sau pư} = m_hh + m _{dd HCl} - m_H2 = 541,2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{541,2}.100\%\approx5,03\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,15.133,5}{541,2}.100\%\approx3,7\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

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Câu 1:

\(PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ m_{Zn}=29-16=13(g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a=n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4(mol)\\ n_{Cu}=\dfrac{16}{64}=0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{n_{Zn}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2+0,25}.100\%=44,44\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{n_{Cu}}=100\%-44,44\%=55,56\%\)

Câu 2:

Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Mg}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 27x+ 24y=9,9(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45(mol)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,45(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,3(mol)\\ \Sigma n_{HCl(p/ứ)}=3x+2y=0,9(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a=n_{HCl(tt)}=0,9.120\%=1,08(mol)\\ \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{9,9}.100\%=72,73\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-72,73\%=27,27\%\)

dạ em cảm ơn anh/thầy nhưng mà cái tổng HCl ra m bấm máy sai rồi ạ vs cảm ơn anh/thầy giúp em giải bài nha

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=2.0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a,m=m_{Zn}=0,15.65=9,75\left(g\right)\\ b,C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15}=0,2\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,15.136=20,4\left(g\right)\)