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Bài 1:
\(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x-2}=\frac{A\left(x-2\right)+B\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{Ax-2A+Bx-B}{x^2-3x+2}=\frac{\left(A+B\right)x-\left(2A+B\right)}{x^2-3x+2}\)
so sách với tử số vừa tìm dc với đề bài:
=> A+B=1
2A+B=-2
=>(2A+B)-(A+B)=-2-1
A=-3
=> B=1+3=4
b) sửa đề \(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}\)
=> \(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}=\frac{A\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(Bx+C\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{Ax^2+A+Bx^2-Bx+Cx-C}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\frac{\left(A+B\right)x^2+\left(C-B\right)x+\left(A-C\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
so sánh với tử số bên cạnh là \(x^2+2x-1\)
=>\(A+B=1\)
\(C-B=2\)
\(A-C=-1\)
=> \(A=1,B=0,C=2\)
bài 2:
quy đồng hai hạng tử đầu tiên:
=> \(\frac{x}{1-x^2}+\frac{y}{1-y^2}=\frac{x\left(1-y^2\right)+y\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(1-xy\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}\)
từ xy+yz+xz=1=> 1-xy=z(x+y) thay vào biểu thức vừa tìm dc ta có:
\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}+\frac{z}{1-z^2}=z\left\lbrace\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(1-z^2\right)+\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}\right)\)
ta có:
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+1-x^2-y^2+x^2y^2\)
=\(\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+1-x^2-y^2+x^2y^2\)
=\(\left(1+xy\right)^2-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(1+xy-xz-yz\right)\left(1+xy+xz+yz\right)\)
=\(4xy\)
thay vào biểu thức ban đầu:
\(z\cdot\frac{4xy}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}=\frac{4xyz}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)
bài 3:
xếp hạng tổng k của dãy số:
\(a_{k}=\frac{k}{k^4+k+1}\)
=> \(a_{k}=\frac12\left\lbrace\frac{\left(k^2+k+1\right)-\left(k^2-k+1\right)}{\left(k^2-k+1\right)\left(k^2+k+1\right)}\right\rbrace=\frac12\left(\frac{1}{k^2-k+1}-\frac{1}{k^2+k+1}\right)\)
thay k=1,2,3,4,...,n)
=> \(S=\frac12\left\lbrace\left(\frac11-\frac13\right)+\left(\frac13-\frac17\right)+\cdots+\left(\frac{1}{n^2-n+1}-\right.\frac{1}{n^2+n+1}\right)\) S=\(\frac12\left(1-\frac{1}{n^2+n+1}\right)\)
\(S=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2+n+1\right)}\)
\(b,\)\(\frac{x+1}{2008}+\frac{x+2}{2007}+\frac{x+3}{2006}=\frac{x+4}{2005}+\frac{x+5}{2004}+\frac{x+6}{2003}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x+1}{2008}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{2007}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+3}{2006}+1\right)=\left(\frac{x+4}{2005}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+5}{2004}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+6}{2003}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+2009}{2008}+\frac{x+2009}{2007}+\frac{x+2009}{2006}=\frac{x+2009}{2005}+\frac{x+2009}{2004}+\frac{x+2009}{2003}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+9\right)\left(\frac{1}{2008}+\frac{1}{2007}+\frac{1}{2006}\right)=\left(x+9\right)\left(\frac{1}{2005}+\frac{1}{2004}+\frac{1}{2003}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2008}+\frac{1}{2007}+\frac{1}{2006}=\frac{1}{2005}+\frac{1}{2004}+\frac{1}{2003}\left(KTM\right)\)
\(\text{Giải}\)
\(b,\frac{x+1}{2008}+\frac{x+2}{2007}+\frac{x+3}{2006}=\frac{x+4}{2005}+\frac{x+5}{2004}+\frac{x+6}{2003}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2009\right)\left(\frac{1}{2008}+\frac{1}{2007}+\frac{1}{2006}-\frac{1}{2005}-\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2003}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2009=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2009\)
1)\(A=\frac{b\left(2a\left(a+5b\right)+\left(a+5b\right)\right)}{a-3b}.\frac{a\left(a-3b\right)}{ab\left(a+5b\right)}=\frac{b\left(a+5b\right)\left(2a+1\right).a\left(a-3b\right)}{\left(a-3b\right).ab\left(a+5b\right)}\)
\(A=2a+1\)=>lẻ với mọi a thuộc z=> dpcm
2) từ: x+y+z=1=> xy+z=xy+1-x-y=x(y-1)-(y-1)=(y-1)(x-1)
tường tự: ta có tử của Q=(x-1)^2.(y-1)^2.(z-1)^2=[(x-1)(y-1)(z-1)]^2=[-(z+y).-(x+y).-(x+y)]^2=Mẫu=> Q=1
3) kiểm tra lại xem đề đã chuẩn chưa
Câu 3:
a: \(G=\dfrac{a^2}{b\left(a+b\right)}-\dfrac{b^2}{a\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{-\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a+b\right)-\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^4-a^3b-ab^3-b^4-a^4+b^4}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{-a^2-b^2}{a^2-b^2}\)
b: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a+1}{b+5}\)
nên ab+5a=ab+b
=>5a=b
\(G=\dfrac{-a^2-\left(5a\right)^2}{a^2-\left(5a\right)^2}=\dfrac{-a^2-25a^2}{a^2-25a^2}=\dfrac{-26}{-24}=\dfrac{13}{12}\)
a) sửa đề: \(\frac{x^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{y^2}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{z^2}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)
=\(\frac{-x^2\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}+\frac{-y^2\left(z-x\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}+\frac{-z^2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)
=\(-\frac{\left\lbrace x^2\left(y-z\right)+y^2\left(z-x\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\right\rbrace}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)
xét tử số:
Tử=\(x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-y^2x+z^2x-z^2y\)
=\(x^2\left(y-z\right)-x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\)
=\(x^2\left(y-z\right)-x\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\)
=\(\left(y-z\right)\left\lbrace x^2-x\left(y+z\right)+yz\right\rbrace\)
=\(\left(y-z\right)\left\lbrace x\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\right\rbrace\)
=\(\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
=\(-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
thay lại vào biểu thức cũ:
\(\Rightarrow-\frac{\left\lbrace-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\right\rbrace}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)
=\(1\)
b) \(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
=\(\frac{\left(c-a\right)+\left(a-b\right)+\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{0}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
6) Ta có
\(A=\frac{x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{z^3}{x+2y}\)
\(=\frac{x^4}{xy+2xz}+\frac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\frac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+2xz+yz+2xy+zx+2yz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\frac{1}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
2, \(\frac{x^2}{2}+\frac{y^2}{3}+\frac{z^2}{4}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{5}\)
<=>\(\left(\frac{x^2}{2}-\frac{x^2}{5}\right)+\left(\frac{y^2}{3}-\frac{y^2}{5}\right)+\left(\frac{z^2}{4}-\frac{z^2}{5}\right)=0\)
<=>\(\frac{3}{10}x^2+\frac{2}{15}y^2+\frac{1}{20}z^2=0\)
<=>x=y=z=0
4,
a, \(\frac{1}{x\left(x^2+1\right)}=\frac{a}{x}+\frac{bx+c}{x^2+1}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{x\left(x^2+1\right)}=\frac{ax^2+a+bx^2+cx}{x\left(x^2+1\right)}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)x^2+cx+a}{x\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
Đồng nhất 2 phân thức ta được:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=0\\c=0\\a=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}b=-1\\c=0\\a=1\end{cases}}}\)
b,a=1/4,b=-1/4
c, a=-1,b=1,c=1
Câu \(1.\) Giải phương trình
\(a.\) \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2+4\left(x^2+x\right)=12\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(y=x^2+x\) \(\left(2\right)\) thì khi đó, phương trình \(\left(1\right)\) sẽ có dạng:
\(y^2+4y=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(y^2+4y-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(y^2+4y+4-16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(y+2\right)^2-4^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(y-2\right)\left(y+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{y-2=0}_{y+6=0}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{y=2}_{y=-6}\)
Đến bước này, ta cần xét hai trường hợp sau:
\(\text{*)}\) \(TH_1:\) Với \(y=2\) thì phương trình \(\left(2\right)\) trở thành:
\(x^2+x=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x^2-1\right)+x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{x-1=0}_{x+2=0}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{x=1}_{x=-2}\) (dùng dấu ngoặc nhọn nhé bạn!)
\(\text{*)}\) \(TH_2:\) Với \(y=-6\) thì phương trình \(\left(2\right)\) trở thành:
\(x^2+x=-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+x+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+2.\frac{1}{2}.x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{23}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{23}{4}=0\) \(\left(3\right)\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{23}{4}\ge\frac{23}{4}>0\)
Do đó, phương trình \(\left(3\right)\) vô nghiệm!
Vậy, tập nghiệm của phương trình \(\left(1\right)\) là \(S=\left\{-1;2\right\}\)
Câu \(1.\) Giải phương trình!
\(b.\)
\(\frac{x+1}{2008}+\frac{x+2}{2007}+\frac{x+3}{2006}=\frac{x+4}{2005}+\frac{x+5}{2004}+\frac{x+6}{2003}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(\frac{x+1}{2008}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{2007}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+3}{2006}+1\right)=\left(\frac{x+4}{2005}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+5}{2004}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+6}{2003}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{x+2009}{2008}+\frac{x+2009}{2007}+\frac{x+2009}{2006}=\frac{x+2009}{2005}+\frac{x+2009}{2004}+\frac{x+2009}{2003}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x+2009\right)\left(\frac{1}{2008}+\frac{1}{2007}+\frac{1}{2006}-\frac{1}{2005}-\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2003}\right)=0\) \(\left(4\right)\)
Do \(\left(\frac{1}{2008}+\frac{1}{2007}+\frac{1}{2006}-\frac{1}{2005}-\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2003}\right)\ne0\) nên từ \(\left(4\right)\) suy ra
\(x+2009=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=-2009\)
Vậy, \(S=\left\{-2009\right\}\)