B1) Từ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)

Ta có \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

                                      \(=x^2+y^2+z^2+2.0\)

                                       \(=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(đpcm\right)\)

B2)  \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a;b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b;c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall c;a\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)}\)

\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).2=\left(ab+bc+ca\right).2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b,c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)

Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Vậy \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)thì \(a=b=c\)

Bài 1:

\(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{B}{x-2}=\frac{A\left(x-2\right)+B\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{Ax-2A+Bx-B}{x^2-3x+2}=\frac{\left(A+B\right)x-\left(2A+B\right)}{x^2-3x+2}\)

so sách với tử số vừa tìm dc với đề bài:

=> A+B=1

2A+B=-2

=>(2A+B)-(A+B)=-2-1

A=-3

=> B=1+3=4

b) sửa đề \(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}=\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}\)

=> \(\frac{A}{x-1}+\frac{\left(Bx+C\right)}{x^2+1}=\frac{A\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(Bx+C\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{Ax^2+A+Bx^2-Bx+Cx-C}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\frac{\left(A+B\right)x^2+\left(C-B\right)x+\left(A-C\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)

so sánh với tử số bên cạnh là \(x^2+2x-1\)

=>\(A+B=1\)

\(C-B=2\)

\(A-C=-1\)

=> \(A=1,B=0,C=2\)

bài 2:

quy đồng hai hạng tử đầu tiên:

=> \(\frac{x}{1-x^2}+\frac{y}{1-y^2}=\frac{x\left(1-y^2\right)+y\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(1-xy\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}\)

từ xy+yz+xz=1=> 1-xy=z(x+y) thay vào biểu thức vừa tìm dc ta có:

\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}\)

\(VT=\frac{z\left(x+y\right)^2}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}+\frac{z}{1-z^2}=z\left\lbrace\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(1-z^2\right)+\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}\right)\)

ta có:

\(\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+1-x^2-y^2+x^2y^2\)

=\(\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+1-x^2-y^2+x^2y^2\)

=\(\left(1+xy\right)^2-z^2\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(1+xy-xz-yz\right)\left(1+xy+xz+yz\right)\)

=\(4xy\)

thay vào biểu thức ban đầu:

\(z\cdot\frac{4xy}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}=\frac{4xyz}{\left(1-x^2\right)\left(1-y^2\right)\left(1-z^2\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)

bài 3:

xếp hạng tổng k của dãy số:

\(a_{k}=\frac{k}{k^4+k+1}\)

=> \(a_{k}=\frac12\left\lbrace\frac{\left(k^2+k+1\right)-\left(k^2-k+1\right)}{\left(k^2-k+1\right)\left(k^2+k+1\right)}\right\rbrace=\frac12\left(\frac{1}{k^2-k+1}-\frac{1}{k^2+k+1}\right)\)

thay k=1,2,3,4,...,n)

=> \(S=\frac12\left\lbrace\left(\frac11-\frac13\right)+\left(\frac13-\frac17\right)+\cdots+\left(\frac{1}{n^2-n+1}-\right.\frac{1}{n^2+n+1}\right)\) S=\(\frac12\left(1-\frac{1}{n^2+n+1}\right)\)

\(S=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2+n+1\right)}\)

\(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{2009}{xy+yz+zx}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx}+\frac{2007}{xy+yz+zx}\)

\(P\ge\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx}+\frac{2007}{\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)

\(P\ge\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{6021}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{6030}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{6030}{3^2}=670\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)

Áp dụng BĐT Côsi dưới dạng engel, ta có:

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)

⇒\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{9}{x+y+z}\) = 9

Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ x = y = z

Hay quớ ak! Mơn m nhìu nha ný! <3 <3 <3 (not thả thính =))))

Theo bài ra ta có: \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}=1\Rightarrow x+y+z=xyz\)

Do:\(\sqrt{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}=\sqrt{yz+x^2yz}=\sqrt{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}=\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)

Tương tự: \(\sqrt{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}=\sqrt{\left(z+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\);

\(\sqrt{zx\left(1+y^2\right)}=\sqrt{\left(z+y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{y^2}{zx\left(1+y^2\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{z^2}{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}}\)

\(A=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+y}.\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+z}.\frac{z}{y+z}}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô si \(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\), dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)

Ta có \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\);

\(\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+y}.\frac{y}{y+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\);

\(\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+z}.\frac{z}{y+z}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)\)

\(A\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{y+x}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)

Vậy \(A\le\frac{3}{2}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)

\(\frac{yz}{xyz}+\frac{xz}{xyz}+\frac{xy}{xyz}=0\)

\(\frac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=0\)

yz + xz + xy = 0

\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times\left(xy+xz+yz\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times0=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)

a) Từ giả thiết suy ra: xy + yz + zx = 0

Do đó:

\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2\)

b) Đặt \(\frac{1}{a-b}=x\); \(\frac{1}{b-c}=y\); \(\frac{1}{c-a}=z\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)

Theo câu a ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

Suy ra điều phải chứng minh

1)

Ta có : a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b+c).(a^2+b^2+c^2-a.b-b.c-a.c)+3.a.b.c=3.a.b.c

=(a+b+c).(a^2+b^2+c^2-a.b-b.c-a.c)=0

Ta thấy:a,b,c là số dương nên a+b+c khác 0 suy ra (a^2+b^2+c^2-a.b-b.c-a.c) =0 nên a=b=c

Vậy a=b=c

Bài 2:

Từ $xyz=1$ suy ra:

\(x+y+z=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=yz+xz+xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+xz-x-y-z=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (xy-x-y+1)+yz+xz-z-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(y-1)+yz+xz-z-xyz=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(y-1)+z(y-1)-xz(y-1)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (y-1)(x-1+z-xz)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (y-1)[(x-1)-z(x-1)]=0\Leftrightarrow (y-1)(x-1)(1-z)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=1\\ y=1\\ z=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu $x=1\Rightarrow yz=1$

$A=x^{2018}+2019^y-z^x=1+2019^y-z=1+2019^y-\frac{1}{y}$

Nếu $y=1\Rightarrow xz=1$

$A=x^{2018}+2019-z^x=x^{2018}+2019-\frac{1}{x^x}$

Nếu $z=1\Rightarrow xy=1$

$A=\frac{1}{y^{2018}}+2019^y-1$

Tóm lại với đkđb vẫn chưa tính được giá trị cụ thể của $A$

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=a\\z-x=b\\y-z=c\end{matrix}\right.\) đề bài trở thành \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}abc\ne0\\a+b+c=0\\ab=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=-\left(a+b\right)\\b=-\frac{1}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{c^2}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\\b^2=\frac{1}{a^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge4\)

\(P=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{a^2}+a^2+\frac{1}{\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2}\)

\(P=\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\frac{1}{\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2}+2\ge2\sqrt{\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2.\frac{1}{\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2}}+2=4\) (đpcm)