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a/ Giải rồi
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=t>0\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2=3x+4+2\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}\) (1)
Pt trở thành:
\(t=t^2-6\Leftrightarrow t^2-t-6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\\t=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x+4+2\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}=5-3x\left(x\le\frac{5}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(2x^2+5x+3\right)=\left(5-3x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
e/ ĐKXD: \(x>0\)
\(5\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=t\ge\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2=x+\frac{1}{4x}+1\)
Pt trở thành:
\(5t=2\left(t^2-1\right)+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2t^2-5t+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=\frac{1}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-4\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{2\pm\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{3\pm2\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
a, \(5\sqrt{2x^2+3x+9}=2x^2+3x+3\) (*)
Đặt \(2x^2+3x=a\left(a\ge-9\right)\)
=> \(5\sqrt{a+9}=a+3\)
<=> \(25\left(a+9\right)=a^2+6a+9\)
<=> \(25a+225=a^2+6a+9\)
<=> \(0=a^2+6a+9-25a-225=a^2-19a-216\)
<=> 0= \(a^2-27a+8a-216\)
<=> \(\left(a-27\right)\left(a+8\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=27\\a=-8\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2+3x=27\\2x^2+3x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2+3x-27=0\\2x^2+3x+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+9\right)=0\\2\left(x^2+2.\frac{3}{4}+\frac{9}{16}\right)+\frac{55}{8}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(tm\right)\\x=-\frac{9}{2}\left(tm\right)\\2\left(x+\frac{3}{4}\right)^2=-\frac{55}{8}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt (*) có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{3,-\frac{9}{2}\right\}\)
b, \(9-\sqrt{81-7x^3}=\frac{x^3}{2}\left(đk:x\le\sqrt[3]{\frac{81}{7}}\right)\)(*)
<=> \(\sqrt{81-7x^3}=9-\frac{x^3}{2}\)
<=>\(81-7x^3=\left(9-\frac{x^3}{2}\right)^2=81-9x^3+\frac{x^6}{4}\)
<=> \(-7x^3+9x^3-\frac{x^6}{4}=0\) <=> \(2x^3-\frac{x^6}{4}=0\)<=> \(8x^3-x^6=0\)
<=> \(x^3\left(8-x^2\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\8=x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(tm\right)\\x=\pm2\sqrt{2}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt (*) có nghiệm x=0
d,\(\sqrt{9x-2x^2}-9x+2x^2+6=0\) (*) (đk: \(0\le x\le\frac{1}{2}\))
<=> \(\sqrt{9x-2x^2}-\left(9x-2x^2\right)+6=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{9x-2x^2}=a\left(a\ge0\right)\)
Có \(a-a^2+6=0\)
<=> \(a^2-a-6=0\) <=> \(a^2-3x+2x-6=0\)
<=> \(\left(a-3\right)\left(a+2\right)=0\)
=> \(a-3=0\) (vì a+2>0 vs mọi \(a\ge0\))
<=> a=3 <=>\(\sqrt{9x-2x^2}=3\) <=> \(9x-2x^2=9\)
<=> 0=\(2x^2-9x+9\) <=> \(2x^2-6x-3x+9=0\) <=>\(\left(2x-3\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=3\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3}{2}\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)(t/m)
Vậy pt (*) có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\frac{3}{2},3\right\}\)
9) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2x+5}{x+3}+1=\dfrac{4}{x^2+2x-3}-\dfrac{3x-1}{1-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-1\right)+x^2+2x-3=4+\left(3x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x+5x-5+x^2+2x-3-4-3x^2-10x+x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x=9\)
hay \(x=-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
10) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{x+3}-\dfrac{x}{x-3}=\dfrac{7x-3}{9-x^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{x\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{3-7x}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
Suy ra: \(x^2-4x+3-x^2-3x-3+7x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0x=0\)(luôn đúng)
Vậy: S={x|\(x\notin\left\{3;-3\right\}\)}
11) Ta có: \(\dfrac{5+9x}{x^2-16}=\dfrac{2x-1}{x+4}+\dfrac{3x-1}{x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{\left(3x-1\right)\left(x+4\right)}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)}=\dfrac{9x+5}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)
Suy ra: \(2x^2-9x+4+3x^2+12x-x-4-9x-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-7x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(5x-7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{7}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
12) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2x}{2x-1}+\dfrac{x}{2x+1}=1+\dfrac{4}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x\left(2x+1\right)}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\dfrac{x\left(2x-1\right)}{\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}=\dfrac{4x^2-1+4}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)
Suy ra: \(4x^2+2x+2x^2-x-4x^2-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+3x-2x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
13) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x+2}{x-2}-\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{2}{x^2-2x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x\left(x+2\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)}-\dfrac{x-2}{x\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{2}{x\left(x-2\right)}\)
Suy ra: \(x^2+2x-x+2-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(loại\right)\\x=-1\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) Ta có: \(\left|3-2x\right|=x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3-2x=x+2\left(x\le\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\2x-3=x+2\left(x>\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-2x-x=2-3\\2x-x=2+3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-3x=-1\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(nhận\right)\\x=5\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
5) Ta có: \(\left|2x-1\right|=5-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=5-x\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\2x-1=x-5\left(x< \dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+x=5+1\\2x-x=-5+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=6\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(nhận\right)\\x=-4\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
6) Ta có: \(\left|-3x\right|=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-3x=x-2\left(x\le0\right)\\3x=x-2\left(x>0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-3x-x=-2\\3x-x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-4x=-2\\2x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(loại\right)\\x=-1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
7) Ta có: \(\left|2-3x\right|=2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2-3x=2x+1\left(x\le\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\\3x-2=2x+1\left(x>\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-3x-2x=1-2\\3x-2x=1+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-5x=-1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(nhận\right)\\x=3\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 8 đâu ạ